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Determining minimum sample size for the conditioned Latin hypercube sampling algorithm

Pedosphere 2024年第3期34卷 530-539页

作者： daniel D.SAURETTE Asim BISWAS Richard j.HECK Adam W.GILLESPIE Aaron A.berg School of Environmental Sciences University of Guelph50 Stone Rd EastGuelph ON N1G 2W1(Canada) Ontario Ministry of Agriculture Food and Rural Affairs1 Stone Rd WestGuelph ON N1G 2Y4(Canada) Geography Environment&GeomaticsUniversity of Guelph50 Stone Rd EastGuelph ON N1G 2W1(Canada)

In digital soil mapping(DSM),a fundamental assumption is that the spatial variability of the target variable can be explained by the predictors or environmental *** to adequately sample the predictors have been well documented,with the conditioned Latin hypercube sampling(cLHS)algorithm receiving the most attention in the DSM *** advances in sampling design,a critical gap remains in determining the number of samples required for DSM *** propose a simple workflow and function coded in R language to determine the minimum sample size for the cLHS algorithm based on histograms of the predictor variables using the Freedman-Diaconis rule for determining optimal bin *** preprocessing was included to correct for multimodal and non-normally distributed data,as these can affect sample size determination from the *** on a user-selected quantile range(QR)for the sample plan,the densities of the histogram bins at the upper and lower bounds of the QR were used as a scaling factor to determine minimum sample *** technique was applied to a field-scale set of environmental covariates for a well-sampled agricultural study site near Guelph,Ontario,Canada,and tested across a range of *** results showed increasing minimum sample size with an increase in the QR *** sample size increased from 44 to 83 when the QR increased from 50% to 95% and then increased exponentially to 194 for the 99%*** technique provides an estimate of minimum sample size that can be used as an input to the cLHS algorithm.

关键词： bin width digital soil mapping normal distribution quantile range sampling design

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Relationship between HER-2 overexpression and brain metastasis in esophageal cancer patients

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World journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2012年第5期4卷 103-108页

作者： Taher Abu Hejleh Barry R DeYoung Eric Engelman jeremy M Deutsch Bridget Zimmerman Thorvardur R Halfdanarson daniel j berg Kalpaj R Parekh William R Lynch Mark D Iannettoni Sudershan Bhatia Gerald Clamon Division of Hematology Oncology and Marrow TransplantationDepartment of Internal MedicineUniversity of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics200 Hawkins DriveC32 GHIowa CityIA 52242-1081United States Department of Pathology University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics200 Hawkins Drive5238C RCPIowa CityIA 52242-1081United States Department of Biostatistics College of Public HealthUniversity of Iowa200 Hawkins DriveN377 CPHBIowa CityIA 52242-1081United States Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics200 Hawkins DriveSE514 GHIowa CityIA 52242-1081United States Department of Radiation Oncology University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics200 Hawkins Drive1624 PFPIowa CityIA 52242-1081United States

AIM:To study if HER-2 overexpression by locally advanced esophageal cancers increase the chance of brain metastasis following ***:We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of esophageal cancer patients who underwent esophagectomy at University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics between 2000 and *** analyzed consisted of demographic and clinical *** brain metastasis tissue was assayed for HER-2 overexpression utilizing the FDA approved DAKO Hercept Test.RESULTS:One hundred and forty two patients were *** age was 64 years(36-86 years).Eighty eight patients(62%) received neoadjuvant *** complete and partial responses were achieved in 17(19%) and 71(81%) *** relapsed in 43/142(30%) *** brain was the first site of relapse in 9/43 patients(21%,95% CI:10%-36%).HER-2 immunohistochemistry testing of the brain metastasis tissue showed that 5/9(56%) cases overexpressed HER-2(3+ staining).CONCLUSION:HER-2 overexpression might be associated with increased risk of brain metastasis in esophageal cancer patients following *** studies will be required to validate this observation.

关键词： Esophageal neoplasm Esophageal cancer HER-2 Genes,erbB-2 Brain Neoplasms Brain metastasis

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A CALCULUS FOR SERVICES INNOVATION

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journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2007年第2期16卷 129-165页

作者： james M. TIEN daniel berg Department of Decision Sciences and Engineering Systems Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Troy New York USA

Innovation in the services area - especially in the electronic services （e-services） domain - can be systematically developed by first considering the strategic drivers and foci, then the tactical principles and enablers, and finally the operational decision attributes, all of which constitute a process or calculus of services innovation. More specifically, there are four customer drivers （i.e., collaboration, customization, integration and adaptation）, three business foci （i.e., creation-focused, solution-focused and competition-focused）, six business principles （i.e., reconstruct market boundaries, focus on the big picture not numbers, reach beyond existing demand, get strategic sequence right, overcome organizational hurdles and build execution into strategy）, eight technical enablers （i.e., software algorithms, automation, telecommunication, collaboration, standardization, customization, organization, and globalization）, and six attributes of decision informatics （i.e., decision-driven, information-based, real-time, continuously-adaptive, customer-centric and computationally-intensive）. It should be noted that the four customer drivers are all directed at empowering the individual - that is, at recognizing that the individual can, respectively, contribute in a collaborative situation, receive customized or personalized attention, access an integrated system or process, and obtain adaptive real-time or just-in-time input. The developed process or calculus serves to identify the potential white spaces or blue oceans for innovation. In addition to expanding on current innovations in services and related experiences, white spaces are identified for possible future innovations; they include those that can mitigate the unforeseen consequences or abuses of earlier innovations, safeguard our rights to privacy, protect us from the always-on, interconnected world, provide us with an authoritative search engine, and generate a GDP metric that can adequately measure the gro

关键词： Services innovation decision informatics software algorithms automation globalization collaboration customization integration adaptation standardization telecommunication organization business principles

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ON SERVICES RESEARCH AND EDUCATION

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journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2006年第3期15卷 257-283页

作者： james M.TIEN daniel berg Department of Decision Sciences and Engineering Systems Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute

The importance of the services sector can not be overstated; it employs 82.1 percent of the U. S. workforce and 69 percent of graduates from an example technological university. Yet, university research and education have not followed suit. Clearly, services research and education deserve our critical attention and support since services - and services innovation - serve as an indispensable engine for global economic growth. The theme of this paper is that we can and should build services research and education on what has occurred in manufacturing research （especially in regard to customization and intellectual property） and education; indeed, services and manufactured goods become indistinguishable as they are jointly co-produced in real-time. Fortunately, inasmuch as manufacturing concepts, methodologies and technologies have been developed and refined over a long period of time （i.e., since the 1800s）, the complementary set of concepts, methodologies and technologies for services are more obvious. However, while new technologies （e.g., the Internet） and globalization trends have served to enable, if not facilitate, services innovation, the same technologies （e.g., the Internet） and 21st Century realities （e.g., terrorism） are making services innovation a far more complex problem and, in fact, may be undermining previous innovations in both services and manufacturing. Finally, there is a need to define a ＂knowledge-adjusted＂ GDP metric that can more adequately measure the growing knowledge economy, one driven by intangible ideas and services innovation.

关键词： Services manufacturing customization innovation education intellectual property

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A CASE FOR SERVICE SYSTEMS ENGINEERING

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Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2003年第1期12卷 13-38页

作者： james M.TIEN daniel berg Department of Decision Sciences and Engineering Systems Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Troy New York 12110-3590U.S.A.Department of Decision Sciences and Engineering Systems Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute TroyNew York 12110-3590U.S.A.

A case is made for further developing a branch of systems engineering that focuses on problems and issues which arise in the service sector. We promulgate this special focus not only because of the size and importance of the service sector but also because of the unique opportunities that systems engineering can exploit in the design and joint production and delivery of services. We begin by considering the economic, technological and demographic contexts within which the service sector has flourished; we then address both services, especially emerging services, and systems engineering, followed by a discussion of how to advance the field of service systems engineering, and concluding with several remarks. In particular, a number of service systems engineering methods are identified to enhance the design and production/delivery of services, especially taking advantage of the unique features that characterize services - namely, services, especially emerging services, are information-driven, customer-centric, e-oriented, and productivity-focused.

关键词： Service sector systems engineering information technology decision technologies customer-centric productivity

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Ab initio prediction of fast non-equilibrium transport of nascent polarons in SrI2: a key to high-performance scintillation

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npj Computational Materials 2016年第1期2卷 77-83页

作者： Fei Zhou Babak Sadigh Paul Erhart daniel Åberg Physical and Life Sciences Directorate Lawrence Livermore National LaboratoryLivermoreCAUSA Department of Physics Chalmers University of TechnologyGothenburgSweden

The excellent light yield proportionality of europium-doped strontium iodide(SrI2:Eu)has resulted in state-of-the-artγ-ray detectors with remarkably high-energy resolution,far exceeding that of most halide *** this class of materials,the formation of self-trapped hole polarons is very ***,polaron formation is usually expected to limit carrier mobilities and has been associated with poor scintillator light-yield proportionality and *** using a recently developed first-principles method,we perform an unprecedented study of polaron transport in SrI2,both for equilibrium polarons,as well as nascent polarons immediately following a self-trapping *** propose a rationale for the unexpected high-energy resolution of *** identify nine stable hole polaron configurations,which consist of dimerised iodine pairs with polaron-binding energies of up to 0.5 *** are connected by a complex potential energy landscape that comprises 66 unique nearest-neighbour migration *** initio molecular dynamics simulations reveal that a large fraction of polarons is born into configurations that migrate practically barrier free at room ***,carriers created duringγ-irradiation can quickly diffuse away reducing the chance for nonlinear recombination,the primary culprit for non-proportionality and resolution *** conclude that the flat,albeit complex,landscape for polaron migration in SrI2 is a key for understanding its outstanding *** insight provides important guidance not only for the future development of high-performance scintillators but also of other materials,for which large polaron mobilities are crucial such as batteries and solid-state ionic conductors.

关键词： polaron equilibrium iodine

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Strategies to obtain pattern fidelity in nanowire growth from large-area surfaces patterned using nanoimprint lithography

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Nano Research 2016年第10期9卷 2852-2861页

作者： Gaute Otnes Magnus Heurlin Mariusz Graczyk jesper Wallentin daniel jacobsson Alexander berg Ivan Maximov Magnus T. Borgstrom Solid State Physics Lund University Box 118 S-22100 Lund Sweden

Position controlled nanowire growth is important for nanowire-based optoelectronic components which rely on light emission or light absorption. For solar energy harvesting applications, dense arrays of nanowires are needed; however, a major obstacle to obtaining dense nanowire arrays is seed particle displacement and coalescing during the annealing stage prior to nanowire growth. Here, we explore three different strategies to improve pattern preservation of large-area catalyst particle arrays defined by nanoimprint lithography for nanowire growth. First, we see that heat treating the growth substrate prior to nanoimprint lithography improves pattern preservation. Second, we explore the possibility of improving pattern preservation by fixing the seed particles in place prior to annealing by modifying the growth procedure. And third, we show that a SiNx growth mask can fully prevent seed particle displacement. We show how these strategies allow us to greatly improve the pattern fidelity of grown InP nanowire arrays with dimensions suitable for solar cell applications, ultimately achieving 100% pattern preservation over the sampled area. The generic nature of these strategies is supported through the synthesis of GaAs and GaP nanowires.

关键词： semiconductor nanowire nanoimprint lithography metal-organic vaporphase epitaxial (MOVPE) patterning

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The CRAFITY score can identify patients with hepatocellular carcinoma showing poor response to treatment with atezolizumab and bevacizumab

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2023年第1期12卷 148-150页

作者： Sabine Lieb Sebastian Ebel daniel Seehofer Thomas berg Florian van Bommel Division of Hepatology Department of Medicine IILeipzig University Medical CenterLeipzigGermany Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Leipzig University Medical CenterLeipzigGermany Department of Visceral VascularThoracic and Transplant SurgeryLeipzig University Medical CenterLeipzigGermany

With great interest we have read the comment of *** on the recently published CRAFITY score for the prediction of response to anti-programmed death(ligand)1[PD-(L)1]-based immunotherapy in patients with unresectable h... 详细信息

关键词： patients hepatocellular carcinoma

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Comprehensive lifestyle intervention vs soy protein-based meal regimen in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第9期25卷 1116-1131页

作者： Peter Deibert Adhara Lazaro Denise Schaffner Aloys berg daniel Koenig Wolfgang Kreisel Manfred W Baumstark daniel Steinmann Martin Buechert Thomas Lange Faculty of Medicine Department of MedicineInstitute of Exercise and Occupational MedicineMedical CenterUniversity of Freiburg Department of Nutrition Institute for Sports and Sports ScienceUniversity of Freiburg Faculty of Medicine Department of MedicineDivision of GastroenterologyHepatologyEndocrinology and Infectious DiseasesMedical CenterUniversity of Freiburg University Hospital of Freiburg Occupational Medicine Faculty of Medicine Department of Radiology-Medical PhysicsMedical CenterUniversity of Freiburg

BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH) has become one of the leading causes of liver disease in the western world. In obese patients weight reduction is recommended. Up to now there are no specific guidelines for weight loss in order to reduce hepatic fat *** To investigate the effects of a 24-wk guided lifestyle intervention program compared to a meal replacement regimen based on soy *** Twenty-six subjects with NASH participated in a randomized single-center study. They were randomly assigned to either meal replacement group(MR-G)with soy-yogurt-honey preparation or to guided lifestyle change group(LC-G)with endurance activity and nutrition counselling. Serum alanine transaminase(ALT), aspartate transaminase(AST), lipid parameters, and adipokines were measured. Liver fat content and lipid composition were determined by magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Body fat mass and lean body mass were assessed using Bod Pod? device. Pre-and post-intervention monitoring of parameters was performed. Statistical analyses were conducted with SPSS software, results were expressed as median(interquartile range).RESULTS Twenty-two subjects(MR-G, n = 11 and LC-G, n = 11) completed the study(9 women, 13 men; age 52.1(15.0) years, body mass index(BMI) 32.3(3.3) kg/m^2).In both groups a significant weight loss was achieved(MR-G:-6.4(3.6) kg, P <0.01; LC-G:-9.1(10.4) kg, P < 0.01). BMI dropped in both groups(MR-G:-2.3(1.5)kg/m^2, P = 0.003; LC-G:-3.0(3.4) kg/m^2, P = 0.006). Internal fat and hepatic lipid content were markedly reduced in both groups in comparable amount. There was a strong correlation between reduction in liver fat and decrease in ***, both groups showed an improvement in glycemic control and lipid profile. Changes in adipokines, particularly in adiponectin and leptin were closely related to intrahepatic lipid *** Comprehensive lifestyle intervention and meal replacement regimen have compar

关键词： Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis Meal replacement therapy Soy protein Lifestyle change Weight reduction Obesity

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Second-generation direct-acting-antiviral hepatitis C virus treatment: Efficacy, safety, and predictors of SVR12

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第35期22卷 8050-8059页

作者： Christoph R Werner julia M Schwarz daniel P Egetemeyr Robert Beck Nisar P Malek Ulrich M Lauer Christoph P berg Department of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Infectiology University Hospital Tübingen Institute of Medical Virology University Hospital Tübingen

AIM To gather data on the antiviral efficacy and safety of second generation direct acting antiviral(DAA) treatment with respect to sustained virological response(SVR) 12 wk after conclusion of treatment, and to determine predictors of SVR12 in this *** Two hundred and sixty patients treated with SOF combination partners PR(n = 51), R(n = 10), SMV(n = 30), DCV(n = 81), LDV(n = 73), or 3D(n = 15).144/260 were pre-treated, 89/260 had liver cirrhosis, 56/260 had portal hypertension with platelets < 100/nL, 25/260 had a MELD score ≥ 10 and 17/260 were postliver transplantation patients. 194/260 had HCV GT1, 44/260 HCV *** Two hundred and forty/256(93.7%) patients achieved SVR12(m ITT); 4/260 were lost to follow-up. SVR12 rates for subgroups were: 92% for SOF/DCV, 93% for each SOF/SMV, SOF/PR, 94% for SOF/LDV, 100% for 3D, 94% for pretreated, 87% for liver cirrhosis, 82% for patients with platelets < 100/n L, 88% post-liver transplantation, 95% for GT1 a, 93% for GT1 b, 90% for GT3, 100% for GT2, 4, and 6. 12 patients suffered from relapse, 6 prematurely discontinued treatment, of which 4 died. Negative predictors of SVR12 were a platelet count < 100/nL, MELD score ≥ 10(P < 0.0001), liver cirrhosis(P = 0.005) at baseline. In Interferonfree treatment GT3 had significantly lower SVR rates than GT1(P = 0.016). Side effects were mild. CONCLUSION Excellent SVR12 rates and the favorable side-effect profile of DAA-combination therapy can be well translated into "real-world". Patients with advanced liver disease, signs of portal hypertension, especially with platelets < 100/n L and patients with GT3 are in special need for further research efforts to overcome comparatively higher rates of virological failure.

关键词： Sofosbuvir Simeprevir Ledipasvir Hepatitis C Liver transplant Sustained virological response Liver cirrhosis Side effects Resistance Daclatasvir

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