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公司治理，经济设防与经济增长(上)

管理世界 2010年第3期26卷 150-167页

作者： Randall Morck daniel wolfenzon Bernard Yeung 杨贤卢昌崇(译) 阿尔伯特大学及国家经济调研局纽约大学斯德恩商学院及国家经济调研局纽约大学斯德恩商学院东北财经大学工商管理学院

在英美以外的国家，大型股份公司通常都由那些身价百亿的家族来控制。金字塔式结构、交叉持股和超权股使得这些家族能够“四两拨千斤”，实现对企业的控制，与其资本投资额并不般配。结果是，很多国家的国民经济也主要由这样几个少数家... 详细信息

在英美以外的国家，大型股份公司通常都由那些身价百亿的家族来控制。金字塔式结构、交叉持股和超权股使得这些家族能够“四两拨千斤”，实现对企业的控制，与其资本投资额并不般配。结果是，很多国家的国民经济也主要由这样几个少数家族来控制。这就产生了3个问题。

关键词：经济增长公司治理设防股份公司金字塔式交叉持股国民经济家族

Gastric polyps are not created equal: Know your enemy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2025年第2期31卷 144-146页

作者： Fady daniel Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology American University of Beirut Medical CenterBeirut 11072020Lebanon

Gastric polyps are commonly detected during upper gastrointestinal *** are most often benign and rarely become ***,adequate knowledge,diagnostic modalities,and management strategies should be the endoscopist’s readily available“weapons”to defeat the potentially malignant“enemies”.This article sheds light on the valuable effort by Costa et al to generate a new classification system of gastric polyps as“good”,“bad”,and“ugly”.This comprehensive overview provides clinicians with a simplified decision-making process.

关键词： Gastric polyps Polypoid subepithelial lesions Early gastric cancer Endoscopic ultrasonography Electronic chromoendoscopy

Amyloid-β-induced disruption of axon-initial-segment mitochondria localization:consequences for TAU missorting in Alzheimer's disease pathology

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1407-1408页

作者： daniel Adam Felix Langerscheidt Hans Zempel Institute of Human Genetics University Hospital CologneCologneGermany Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne(CMMC) University of CologneCologneGermany

TAU is a neuronal microtubule-associated protein preferentially located in *** a battery of neurodegenerative diseases termed"tauopathies,"including Alzheimer's disease (AD),TAU is missorted and abnormally phosphorylated,leading to filamentous accumulations of hyperphosphorylated TAU,a pathological hallmark and potential disease driver of AD and related tauopathies (Zempel,2024).

关键词： Alzheimer tau diseases

Unveiling the Hidden Interactions Among Features:A Heterogeneous Graph Approach for Personality Prediction

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Machine Intelligence Research 2025年第1期22卷 91-100页

作者： Yuxuan Song Yilin Wu Qiudan Li Liping Chen daniel Zeng The State Key Laboratory of Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Systems Institute of AutomationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China The School of Artificial Intelligence University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China

Identifying personalities accurately helps merchants and management departments understand user needs in detail and improve the quality of service and decision-making *** research on text-based personality prediction mainly uses deep neural networks or pretrained language models to mine deep semantics,ignoring the dynamic interactions among personality *** paper presents a novel personality prediction method that simultaneously taps into the capability of graph neural networks to model the deep interactions among features and that of pretrained language models to learn latent semantics with a hierarchical aggregation ***,the proposed model leverages self-attention to capture the interaction relationships among POS tags,entities,personality tags,etc.,and considers the labels’cooccurrence *** efficacy of the proposed model is evaluated on the myPersonality and PANDORA *** research contributes to the personality prediction literature from the perspective of a multigranular personality feature learning perspective and provides business value for consuming predictive analytics.

关键词： Personality prediction graph representation learning pretrained models graph convolutional networks attention mechanism

Wafer‑Scale Ag_(2)S‑Based Memristive Crossbar Arrays with Ultra‑Low Switching‑Energies Reaching Biological Synapses

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第3期17卷 328-339页

作者： Yuan Zhu Tomas Nyberg Leif Nyholm daniel Primetzhofer Xun Shi Zhen Zhang Division of Solid‑State Electronics Department of Electrical EngineeringUppsala University75121 UppsalaSweden Department of Chemistry Uppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden Department of Physics and Astronomy Uppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure Shanghai Institute of CeramicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200050People’s Republic of China

Memristive crossbar arrays(MCAs)offer parallel data storage and processing for energy-efficient neuromorphic ***,most wafer-scale MCAs that are compatible with complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor(CMOS)technology still suffer from substantially larger energy consumption than biological synapses,due to the slow kinetics of forming conductive paths inside the memristive *** we report wafer-scale Ag_(2)S-based MCAs realized using CMOS-compatible processes at temperatures below 160℃.Ag_(2)S electrolytes supply highly mobile Ag+ions,and provide the Ag/Ag_(2)S interface with low silver nucleation barrier to form silver filaments at low energy *** further enhancing Ag+migration in Ag_(2)S electrolytes via microstructure modulation,the integrated memristors exhibit a record low threshold of approximately−0.1 V,and demonstrate ultra-low switching-energies reaching femtojoule values as observed in biological *** low-temperature process also enables MCA integration on polyimide substrates for applications in flexible ***,the intrinsic nonidealities of the memristive units for deep learning can be compensated by employing an advanced training *** impressive accuracy of 92.6%in image recognition simulations is demonstrated with the MCAs after the *** demonstrated MCAs provide a promising device option for neuromorphic computing with ultra-high energy-efficiency.

关键词： Wafer-scale Ag_(2)S films Reactive sputter Silver nucleation Ag^(+)migration Energy-efficient neuromorphic computing

Chattering-Free Fault-Tolerant Cluster Control and Fault Direction Identification for HIL UAV Swarm With Pre-Specified Performance

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2025年第1期12卷 183-197页

作者： Pei-Ming Liu Xiang-Gui Guo Jian-Liang Wang daniel Coutinho Lihua Xie the Beijing Engineering Research Center of Industrial Spectrum Imaging School of Automation and Electrical Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing the Shunde Graduate School of University of Science and Technology Beijing IEEE Autonomous Intelligent Systems Department Hangzhou Innovation Institute of Beihang University the Department of Automation and Systems Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina the School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological University

In this paper, the problem of pre-specified performance fault-tolerant cluster consensus control and fault direction identification is solved for the human-in-the-loop(HIL) swarm unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs) in the presence of possible nonidentical and unknown direction faults(NUDFs) in the yaw *** control strategy begins with the design of a pre-specified performance event-triggered observer for each individual *** observers estimate the outputs of the human controlled UAVs, and simultaneously achieve the distributed design of actual control signals as well as cluster consensus of the observer *** is worth mentioning that these observers require neither the high-order derivatives of the human controlled UAVs' output nor a priori knowledge of the initial conditions. The fault-tolerant controller realizes the pre-specified performance output regulation through error transformation and the Nussbaum function. It should be pointed out that there are no chattering caused by the jump of the Nussbaum function when a reverse fault occurs. In addition, to provide a basis for further solving the problem of physical malfunctions, a fault direction identification algorithm is proposed to accurately identify whether a reverse fault has occurred. Simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed control and fault direction identification strategies when the reverse faults occur.

关键词： Chattering-free cluster consensus fault direction identification human-in-the-loop (HIL) nonidentical and unknown direction faults (NUDFs) pre-specified performance swarm unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs)

Vascular endothelial growth factor:a double-edged sword in the development of white matter lesions

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 191-192页

作者： Narek Manukjan daniel Fulton Zubair Ahmed WMatthijs Blankesteijn Sébastien Foulquier Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Maastricht UniversityMaastrichtThe Netherlands CARIM-School for Cardiovascular Diseases Maastricht UniversityMaastrichtThe Netherlands Neuroscience and Ophthalmology Institute of Inflammation and AgeingUniversity of BirminghamEdgbastonBirminghamUK Centre for Trauma Sciences Research University of BirminghamEdgbastonBirminghamUK MHeNs-School for Mental Health and Neuroscience Maastricht UniversityMaastrichtThe Netherlands Department of Neurology Maastricht University Medical CenterMaastrichtThe Netherlands

As the population ages,the burden of age-related diseases becomes ***,over 55 million people suffer from dementia worldwide,with Alzheimer’s disease being the most common ***,it is becoming clearer that underlying vascular pathology such as cerebral small vessel disease(cSVD)may be a more detrimental cause for dementia(Cuadrado-Godia et al.,2018).It is estimated that 10%-30%of the elderly population and 35%-90%of all dementia patients exhibit signs of *** term cSVD refers to pathology affecting the small vessels of the brain,which can lead to lacunar cerebral infarcts,enlarged perivascular spaces,and cortical hemorrhages(Cuadrado-Godia et al.,2018).CSVD is often associated with cognitive decline,gait problems,and dementia(Cuadrado-Godia et al.,2018).

关键词： pathology becoming white

Real-world cost-effectiveness of targeted temperature management in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest survivors: results from an academic medical center

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2025年第1期16卷 28-34页

作者： Wachira Wongtanasarasin daniel K.Nishijima Wanrudee Isaranuwatchai Jeff rey S.Hoch Department of Emergency Medicine Faculty of MedicineChiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai 50200Thailand Department of Emergency Medicine University of California Davis School of MedicineSacramento 95817USA Health Intervention and Technology Assessment Program Ministry of Public HealthBangkok 11000Thailand Institute of Health Policy Management and EvaluationUniversity of TorontoToronto M5T 3M6Canada Division of Health Policy and Management Department of Public Health SciencesUniversity of California Davis School of MedicineSacramento 95817USA Center for Healthcare Policy and Research University of California Davis School of MedicineSacramento 95817USA

BACKGROUND: Targeted temperature management(TTM) is a common therapeutic intervention, yet its cost-effectiveness remains uncertain. This study aimed to evaluate the real-world cost-effectiveness of TTM compared with that of conventional care in adult out-of-hospital cardiac arrest(OHCA) survivors using clinical patient-level ***: We conducted a retrospective cohort study at an academic medical center in the USA to assess the cost-effectiveness of TTM in adult non-traumatic OHCA survivors between 1 January, 2019 and 30 June, 2023. The primary outcome was survival to hospital discharge. Incremental cost-effectiveness ratios(ICERs) were calculated and compared with various decision makers' willingness to pay. Cost-effectiveness acceptability curves were utilized to evaluate the economic attractiveness of TTM. Uncertainty about the incremental cost and effect was explored with a 95% confidence ***: Among 925 non-traumatic OHCA survivors, only 30(3%) received TTM. After adjusting for potential confounders, the TTM group did not demonstrate a significantly lower cost(delta cost-$5,141, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: $-35,347 to $25,065, P=0.79) and higher survival to hospital discharge(delta effect 6%, 95% CI:-11% to 23%, P=0.41). Additionally, a 95% confidence ellipse indicated uncertainty reflected by evidence that the true value of the ICER could be in any of the quadrants of the cost-effectiveness ***: Although TTM did not demonstrate a clear survival benefit in this study, its potential cost-effectiveness warrants further investigation with larger sample sizes. These findings highlight the need for additional research to optimize TTM use in OHCA care and inform resource allocation decisions.

关键词： Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest Targeted temperature management Cost-effectiveness Survival Real-world data

Complement-dependent neuroinflammation in spinal cord injury:from pathology to therapeutic implications

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1324-1335页

作者： Hassan Saad Bachar El Baba Ali Tfaily Firas Kobeissy Juanmarco Gutierrez Gonzalez daniel Refai Gerald R.Rodts Christian Mustroph David Gimbel Jonathan Grossberg daniel L.Barrow Matthew F.Gary Ali M.Alawieh Department of Neurosurgery Emory University School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA Department of Neurology Yale UniversityNew HavenCTUSA Center for Neurotrauma Multiomics&Biomarkers(CNMB)Morehouse School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA

Spinal cord injury remains a major cause of disability in young adults,and beyond acute decompression and rehabilitation,there are no pharmacological treatments to limit the progression of injury and optimize recovery in this *** the thorough investigation of the complement system in triggering and propagating cerebral neuroinflammation,a similar role for complement in spinal neuroinflammation is a focus of ongoing *** this work,we survey the current literature investigating the role of complement in spinal cord injury including the sources of complement proteins,triggers of complement activation,and role of effector functions in the *** study relevant data demonstrating the different triggers of complement activation after spinal cord injury including direct binding to cellular debris,and or activation via antibody binding to damage-associated molecular *** effector functions of complement have been implicated in spinal cord injury,and we critically evaluate recent studies on the dual role of complement anaphylatoxins in spinal cord injury while emphasizing the lack of pathophysiological understanding of the role of opsonins in spinal cord *** this pathophysiological review,we systematically review the different translational approaches used in preclinical models of spinal cord injury and discuss the challenges for future translation into human *** review emphasizes the need for future studies to dissect the roles of different complement pathways in the pathology of spinal cord injury,to evaluate the phases of involvement of opsonins and anaphylatoxins,and to study the role of complement in white matter degeneration and regeneration using translational strategies to supplement genetic models.

关键词： complement neuroinflammation neuroplasticity regeneration spinal cord injury targeted therapy