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AIdeal:Sentience and Ideology

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Journal of Social computing 2023年第4期4卷 275-325页

作者： daniel Estrada the Department of Humanities and Social Sciences New Jersey Institute of TechnologyNewarkNJ 07102USA

This paper addresses a set of ideological tensions involving the classification of agential kinds,which I see as the methodological and conceptual core of the sentience ***,I consider ideals involved in the classification of biological and artifactual kinds,and ideals related to agency,identity,and *** ideals frame the background against which sentience in Artificial Intelligence(AI)is theorized and debated,a framework I call the *** make this framework explicit,I review the historical discourse on sentience as it appears in ancient,early modern,and the 20th century philosophy,paying special attention to how these ideals are projected onto artificial agents.I argue that tensions among these ideals create conditions where artificial sentience is both necessary and impossible,resulting in a crisis of *** past this crisis does not require a satisfying resolution among competing ideals,but instead requires a shift in focus to the material conditions and actual practices in which these ideals *** charles Mills,I sketch a nonideal approach to AI and artificial sentience that seeks to loosen the grip of ideology on the ***,I propose a notion of participation that deflates the sentience discourse in AI and shifts focus to the material conditions in which sociotechnical networks operate.

关键词： sentience agency artifacts artificial intelligence ideology nonideal theory natural kinds participation

Efficacy of infliximab in acute severe ulcerative colitis:A single-centre experience

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world Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第7期19卷 1091-1097页

作者： Stephen J Halpin P John Hamlin daniel P Gree Lisa warren Alexander c Ford Leeds Gastroenterology Institute St.James's University HospitalLeedsWest Yorkshire LS9 7TFUnited Kingdom Leeds Gastroenterology Institute St.James's University HospitalLeedsWest Yorkshire LS9 7TFUnited Kingdom r Leeds Institute of Molecular Medicine University of LeedsLeedsWest Yorkshire LS9 7TFUnited Kingdom

AIM:To suggest infliximab(IFX) is effective for acute severe ulcerative colitis,from real-life clinical ***:All patients receiving IFX for the treatment of acute severe ulcerative colitis in a single centre were *** were extracted from clinical records in order to assess response to IFX *** primary endpoint was colectomy-free survival,and secondary outcomes included glucocorticosteroid-free remission and safety,which was evaluated by recording deaths and adverse *** and clinical characteristics of those who underwent colectomy and those who were colectomy-free,both at discharge from their index admission,and during follow-up after an initial response to IFX were ***:Forty-four patients(16 females,mean age 36 years) received IFX between May 2006 and January 2012 for acute severe ulcerative *** median duration of follow-up post-first infusion was 396 d(interquartile range = 173-828 d).There were 21(47.7%) patients with w-up,10(22.7%) with 1 years to 2 years of follow-up,and 13(29.5%) with > 2 years of follow-up post-first infusion of ***,35(79.5%) responded to IFX,avoiding colectomy during their index admission,29(65.9%) were colectomyfree at last point of follow-up(median follow-up 396 d),and 25(56.8%) were in glucocorticosteroid-free remission at end of *** was one death from post-operative sepsis,20 d after a single IFX *** rates were generally lower among those "bridging" to *** 18 patients "bridged" to thiopurine therapy,17(94.4%) were colectomyfree,and 15(83.3%) were in glucocorticosteroid-free remission at study *** predictors of response were ***:IFX is effective for acute severe ulcerative colitis in real-life clinical ***-thirds of patients avoided colectomy,and more than 50% were in glucocorticosteroid-free remission.

关键词： Ulcerative colitis Severe Azathioprine Infliximab Remission

Male and female meadow voles Microtus pennsylvanicus respond differently to scent marks from the top- middle-, and bottom-scent donors of an over-mark

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current Zoology 2011年第4期57卷 441-448页

作者： Michael H. FERKIN Nicholas J. hoBBS Benjamin D. FERKIN Adam c.FERKIN daniel A. FERKIN Department of Biological Sciences The University of Memphis Ellington Hall Memphis TN 38152 USA

Previous studies have shown that individuals responded preferentially to the mark of the top-scent donor relative to that of the bottom-scent donor of an over-mark. however, terrestrial mammals are likely to encounter over-marks consisting of the scent marks of more than two same-sex conspecifics in the intersections of runways, near the nests of sexually receptive female conspecifics, and inside and along the borders of the territories of conspecifics. we determined how meadow voles, Microtus pennsylvanicus, respond to the marks of the top-, middle-, and bottom-scent donors of an over-mark. we tested the hypothesis that voles exposed to an over-mark will respond preferentially to the scent marks that were deposited more recently, the scent marks that were on top or near the top of the over-mark, compared to the scent marks that were deposited earlier or near the bot- tom of the over-mark. Voles spent more time investigating the mark of the top-scent donor than that of the either the middle- or bottom-scent donor. however, males but not female voles spent more time investigating the middle-scent mark than the bot- tom-scent mark. we also tested the hypothesis that voles evaluate and respond to over-marks differently from single scent marks. Voles spent more time investigating the marks of the top-, middle-, and bottom-scent donors compared to scent marks that were not part of the over-mark. Voles can distinguish among the overlapping scent marks of three scent donors and sex differences exist in the values they appear to attach to each of these scent marks [current Zoology 57 （4）： 441-448, 2011 ].

关键词： Over-marks Voles Scent marks Olfactory communication

what’s new in inflammatory bowel disease in 2008?

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world Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第3期14卷 329-330页

作者： daniel c Baumgart Department of Medicine Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Charité Medical Center-Virchow Hospital Medical School of the Humboldt-University of Berlin D-13353 Berlin Germany

Ulcerative colitis and crohn’s disease represent the two major forms of inflammatory bowel disease. In this highlight topic series of articles we cover the latest developments in genetics and epidemiology, intestinal physiology, mucosal immunology, mechanisms of epithelial cell injury and restitution, current medical therapy, modern surgical management, important extra- intestinal complications such as primary sclerosing cholangitis, cholangiocellular carcinoma and autoimmune hepatitis as well as endoscopic and molecular screening, detection and prevention of small bowel and colorectal cancer.

关键词： Gastroenterology

Phytoremediation of Soil contaminated with crude Oil Using Mucuna Bracteata

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Research in Ecology 2019年第1期1卷 20-30页

作者： Kuok ho daniel, Tang Yu wei Eric, Law Department of Environmental Engineering Curtin University MalaysiaCDT25098009 MiriSarawakMalaysia

This study examines the ability of Mucuna bracteata Dc. to remediate soil contaminated with increasing levels of crude oil up to 20%. It also investigates the effect of fertilizer application on crude oil degradation. changes in crude oil concentrations, pH and moisture of the soil in eight experimental pots were tracked over a period of 9 weeks. The crude oil levels in soil were analysed as Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPHs) using the UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The study revealed the capacity of Mucuna bracteata to phytoremediate soil contaminated with crude oil in all experimental pots though the plant died at 20% contamination towards the end of the experiment. The plant survived up to 15% contamination with that in the fertilized pot showing better physiological conditions. In all instances, fertilized pots showed higher rates of crude oil reduction. The amounts of crude oil degraded in fertilized pots were also higher except at 20% contamination. The soil pH varied over a narrow range throughout the experimental period. Moisture of soil contaminated with 15% and 20% crude oil was higher than that contaminated with 5% and 10% crude oil. Mucuna bracteata showed signs of phytoextraction which can be subject to further study. This study contributed a new candidate of phytoremediation for soil contaminated with high level of crude oil.

关键词： Mucuna bracteata Rhizodegradation contamination Fertilizer Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon Phytoextraction

Accelerating materials discovery using artificial intelligence, high performance computing and robotics

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npj computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 767-775页

作者： Edward O.Pyzer-Knapp Jed w.Pitera Peter w.J.Staar Seiji Takeda Teodoro Laino daniel P.Sanders James Sexton John R.Smith Alessandro curioni IBM Research Europe-Daresbury DaresburyUK IBM Almaden Research centre San JoseCAUSA IBM Research Europe Zurich RüschlikonSwitzerland IBM Research Tokyo TokyoJapan IBM Thomas J.watson Research centre Yorktown HeightsNYUSA

New tools enable new ways of working,and materials science is no *** materials discovery,traditional manual,serial,and human-intensive work is being augmented by automated,parallel,and iterative processes driven by Artificial Intelligence (AI),simulation and experimental *** this perspective,we describe how these new capabilities enable the acceleration and enrichment of each stage of the discovery *** show,using the example of the development of a novel chemically amplified photoresist,how these technologies’ impacts are amplified when they are used in concert with each other as powerful,heterogeneous workflows.

关键词： artificial computing enable

Plasma monocyte chemotactic protein-1 remains elevated after minimally invasive colorectal cancer resection

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world Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2014年第10期6卷 413-419页

作者： HMc Shantha Kumara Elizabeth A Myers Sonali Ac Herath Joon ho Jang Linda Njoh Xiaohong Yan daniel Kirchoff Vesna cekic Martin Luchtefeld Richard L whelan Division of colon and Rectal Surgery Department of Surgery Mount Sinai-Roosevelt Hospital Center New York NY 10019 United States Division of colon and Rectal Surgery Fer-guson Clinic Grand Rapids MI 49546 United States Icahn School of Medicine at-Mount Sinai New York NY 10029 United States Surgical Oncology Department of Surgery College of Physicians and Surgeons Columbia University New York NY 10032 United States

AIM: To investigate plasma Monocyte chemotactic Protein-1 levels preoperatively in colorectal cancer(cRc) and benign patients and postoperatively after cRc ***: A plasma bank was screened for minimally invasive colorectal cancer resection(MIcR) for cRc and benign disease(BEN) patients for whom preoperative, early postoperative, and 1 or more late postoperative samples(postoperative day 7-27) were available. Monocyte chemotactic protein-1(McP-1) levels(pg/mL) were determined via enzyme linked immuno-absorbent assay. RESULTS: One hundred and two cRc and 86 BEN patients were studied. The cRc patient's median preoperative McP-1 level(283.1, cI: 256.0, 294.3) was higher than the BEN group level(227.5, cI: 200.2, 245.2; P = 0.0004). Vs cRc preoperative levels, elevated McP-1 plasma levels were found on postoperative day 1(446.3, cI: 418.0, 520.1), postoperative day 3(342.7, cI: 320.4, 377.4), postoperative day 7-13(326.5, cI: 299.4, 354.1), postoperative day 14-20(361.6, cI: 287.8, 407.9), and postoperative day 21-27(318.1, cI: 287.2, 371.6; P cONcLUSION: Preoperative McP-1 levels were higher in cRc patients(vs BEN). After MIcR for cRc, McP-1 levels were elevated for 1 mo and may promote angiogenesis, cancer recurrence and metastasis.

关键词： colorectal cancer Monocyte chemotactic protein-1 Minimally invasive colorectal resection angio-genesis

Recent developments in topoisomerase-targeted cancer chemotherapy

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2018年第6期8卷 844-861页

作者： Kirk E.Hevener Tatsiana A.Verstak Katie E.Lutat daniel L.Riggsbee Jeremiah w.Mooney Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Tennessee Health Science Center

The DNA topoisomerase enzymes are essential to cell function and are found ubiquitously in all domains of life. The various topoisomerase enzymes perform a wide range of functions related to the maintenance of DNA topology during DNA replication, and transcription are the targets of a wide range of antimicrobial and cancer chemotherapeutic agents. Natural product-derived agents, such as the camptothecin, anthracycline, and podophyllotoxin drugs, have seen broad use in the treatment of many types of cancer. Selective targeting of the topoisomerase enzymes for cancer treatment continues to be a highly active area of basic and clinical research. The focus of this review will be to summarize the current state of the art with respect to clinically used topoisomerase inhibitors for targeted cancer treatment and to discuss the pharmacology and chemistry of promising new topoisomerase inhibitors in clinical and preclinical development.

关键词： Topoisomerase Inhibition cancer Oncology clinical Pre-clinical

Bone lesions in recurrent glucagonoma: A case report and review of literature

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world Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2012年第6期4卷 152-155页

作者： cristian Ghetie daniel cornfeld Vassilios S Ramfidis Kostas N Syrigos Muhammad w Saif Danbury hospital Danbury CT 06810 United States Department of Diagnostic Radiology Yale School of Medicine New Haven CT 06510 United States Third Department of Medicine Sotiria General Hospital Athens Medical School Athens 11527 Greece Section of Medical Oncology Yale School of Medicine New Haven CT 06510 United States Division of Hematology and Oncology Department of Medicine Columbia University NY 10032 United States

Glucagonomas are rare neuroendocrine tumors that arise from cells of the pancreatic islets. Most of them are malignant and usually present as metastatic disease. Sites most commonly involved in metastases are the liver and regional lymph nodes. Bone metastases are rare events and only a few cases have been reported in the literature. we present the case of a 53-year-old male with a medical history of recurrent non-functioning glucagonoma. He presented 17 years after the initial diagnosis with new blastic bone lesions involving the T1 vertebra and the sacrum. Diagnostic steps and medical management in metastatic glucagonoma are also reviewed.

关键词： Glucagonoma Bone metastases Blastic lesion Octreoscan