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Chlorinated organophosphate and“legacy”brominated flame retardants in UK waste soft furnishings:A preliminary study

Emerging Contaminants 2016年第4期2卷 185-190页

作者： William A.stubbings daniel s.drage stuart Harrad school of Geography Earth&Environmental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamB152TTUK National Research Centre for Environmental Toxicology 39 Kessels RoadCoopers PlainsQLD4108Australia

The Furniture and Furnishings(Fire safety)Regulations 1988 is the major driver for the use of chemical flame retardants(FRs)in soft furnishings marketed in the *** these regulations specify the level of flame retardancy required,they do not specify how such levels should be ***,it remains unclear which FRs are present in UK soft *** is important not only to help assess what FRs we may be exposed to currently,but which FRs are currently entering the waste stream with concomitant potential for release into the *** address this data gap,concentrations of polybrominated diphenyl ethers(PBDEs),hexabromocyclododecane(HBCDD)and a range of chlorinated organophosphate flame retardants(OPFRs)were measured in samples of domestic and office waste soft furnishings products entering the UK waste stream in 2011 and *** preliminary study measured the FR content of:carpets(n?4),curtains(n?7),mattress fabrics(n?2),furniture foam(n?9),and furniture upholstery textiles(n?10).Polybrominated diphenyl ethers(PBDEs)and hexabromocyclododecane(HBCDD)were not found at significant concentrations(below detection limits in most samples)in any of the twenty two analysed *** contrast,7 of the 9 furniture foam samples were treated with tris(2-chloroisopropyl)phosphate(TCIPP)at a mean concentration of 1.9%w/w,with another single foam sample containing tris(1,3-dichloroisopropyl)phosphate(TDCIPP)and tris(2-chloroethyl)phosphate(TCEP)at 1.1 and 0.5%*** comparison,PBDE concentrations are within the range reported previously for UK indoor dust[18],rather than the percent by weight levels required to impart flame retardancy.

关键词： Hexabromocyclododecane Waste furniture PBDEs Tris(2-chloroisopropyl)phosphate

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Leaching of decabromodiphenyl ether and hexabromocyclododecane from fabrics under simulated landfill conditions

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Emerging Contaminants 2020年第1期6卷 33-38页

作者： stuart Harrad daniel s.drage Martin sharkey Harald Berresheim school of Geography Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamB152TTUK school of Physics National University of Ireland GalwayGalwayIreland

A series of laboratory experiments were conducted to examine the leaching of decabromodiphenyl ether(BDE-209)and hexabromocyclododecane(HBCDD)from a mix of three *** with previous reports that such leaching is governed by second order kinetics,concentrations in leachate were markedly higher in the first 24 h of leaching,and diminished by an order of magnitude after 1 *** influence of the waste:leachate ratio was examined for the first time,with leaching of both BDE-209 and HBCDD significantly greater(pste:leachate ratio of 0.005 g/mL than at 0.05 g/*** dissolved humic matter(DHM)solutions as proxy for simulating organic landfill leachates we found that leaching of both BDE-209 and HBCDD was also significantly greater at a DHM concentration of 1,000 mg/L in leachate compared to that observed at DHM values of 100 and 0 mg/*** of waste:leachate mixtures significantly enhanced *** leaching of HBCDD decreased significantly as leachate pH increased from 5.8,through 6.5,to 8.5;no significant impact of pH on leaching of BDE-209 was *** in leachate of both BDE-209 and HBCDD decreased significantly on increasing leachate temperature from 20℃to 60℃and 80℃.This is considered most likely due to volatilisation of these contaminants into the headspace of the leaching vessel at higher temperatures.

关键词： Brominated flame retardants Leachate pH Organic matter content Temperature waste:leachate ratio

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Occurrence,seasonal variation and human exposure to pharmaceuticals and personal care products in surface water,groundwater and drinking water in Lagos state,Nigeria

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Emerging Contaminants 2020年第1期6卷 124-132页

作者： Anekwe Jennifer Ebele Temilola Oluseyi daniel s.drage stuart Harrad Mohamed Abou-Elwafa Abdallah Division of Environmental Health and Risk Management School of GeographyEarthand Environmental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamB152TTUK Chemistry Department University of LagosLagosNigeria Department of Analytical Chemistry Faculty of PharmacyAssiut University71526AssiutEgypt

The occurrence of 28 pharmaceuticals and personal care products(PPCPs)was investigated in 17 surface water samples(rivers,canals,and lagoons),12 groundwater samples(wells and boreholes,which can also be consumed for drinking)and 8 drinking water samples(bottles and sachets)during dry and rainy seasons in Lagos state,*** most prevalent compound detected in all samples was amoxicillin(an antibiotic)at median concentrations of 1614,238 and 358 ng/L in surface water,ground water and drinking water,*** is of concern due to potential impact on development of antibioticresistant microbial *** frequently-detected compounds include acetaminophen,nicotine,ibuprofen,and codeine with detection frequencies of more than 70%.Investigation of seasonal variability revealed that glyburide,caffeine,naproxen and diclofenac concentrations were significantly(Pseason(winter),while Nicotine and Codeine levels were higher during the rainy season(summer).The factors influencing such seasonal variability include:dilution by extensive rainfall,agricultural activity(for nicotine)and usage patterns of pharmaceuticals among the local *** concentrations in drinking water samples were used to assess inadvertent human exposure to PPCPs in Nigerian *** revealed average daily exposures of 81,14 and 3 ngƩPPCPs/kg BW/day via drinking borehole,sachet water and bottled water,*** there exists no health-based limit value(HBLV)for chronic exposure to mixtures of PPCPs,our results raise concern and warrant further investigation of the potential health implications of such unintended PPCPs exposure.

关键词： Pharmaceuticals and personal care products PPCPs Freshwater Ground water Drinking water seasonal variation Human exposure Nigeria

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Organophosphate esters in indoor and outdoor dust from Iraq:Implications for human exposure

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Emerging Contaminants 2021年第1期7卷 204-212页

作者： Layla salih Al-Omran Muideen Remilekun Gbadamosi William A.stubbings daniel s.drage Mohamed Abou-Elwafa Abdallah stuart Harrad Department of Chemistry College of ScienceUniversity of BasrahBasrahIraq school of Geography Earthand Environmental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamB152TTUnited Kingdom

Concentrations of 6 organophosphate esters(OPEs)were determined in 60 indoor(ID)and outdoor(OD)dust samples collected from 20 homes from Basrah,*** each home,two ID samples were collected,one from elevated surfaces(EsD)and one from the floor(FD)of the living room;while the OD samples were collected from the front yard of the same *** s6OPEs concentrations in dust samples ranged between 681 and 17900 ng/g with median concentrations of 5950,3590 and 1550 ng/g in EsD,FD and OD samples,*** OPEs were the most abundant compounds,contributing mean percentages of 88%,85%and 78%toΣ_(6)OPEs in EsD,FD and OD,respectively,with tris(1-chloro-2-propyl)phosphate(TCIPP)*** of our target OPEs in EsD significantly exceeded those in FD(ps(2-chloroethyl)phosphate(TCEP)and tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl)phosphate(TDCIPP).Ratios of median concentrations of OPEs in ID:OD ranged from 1.5 for tri-n-butyl phosphate(TNBP)to 8.0 for TCEP,indicating the significance of indoor *** of chlorinated OPEs in ID were moderately correlated(R=0.522-0.591,Pse in OD samples,suggesting interchange of OPEs between the two *** of OPEs in OD from houses with a contiguous front yard car porch exceeded those in OD from houses without a car porch and were significantly higher(Psphate(EHDPP).Emissions from parked cars and the associated home are likely sources of OPEs in the OD *** on the concentrations reported here,the estimated daily intake(EDI)for the Iraqi population through house dust ingestion are all well below the relevant reference dose(RfD)values.

关键词： OPEs Indoor dust Outdoor dust Human exposure

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Accuracy comparison and improvement for state of health estimation of lithium-ion battery based on random partial recharges and feature engineering

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第5期92卷 591-604页

作者： Xingjun Li Dan Yu søren Byg Vilsen daniel Ioan stroe Department of Energy Aalborg UniversityAalborg 9220Denmark Department of Mathematical sciences Aalborg UniversityAalborg 9220Denmark Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Texas at AustinAustinTX 78712USA

state of health(sOH)estimation of e-mobilities operated in real and dynamic conditions is essential and *** of existing estimations are based on a fixed constant current charging and discharging aging profiles,which overlooked the fact that the charging and discharging profiles are random and not complete in real *** work investigates the influence of feature engineering on the accuracy of different machine learning(ML)-based sOH estimations acting on different recharging sub-profiles where a realistic battery mission profile is *** features were extracted from the battery partial recharging profiles,considering different factors such as starting voltage values,charge amount,and charging sliding ***,features were selected based on a feature selection pipeline consisting of filtering and supervised ML-based subset *** linear regression(MLR),Gaussian process regression(GPR),and support vector regression(sVR)were applied to estimate sOH,and root mean square error(RMsE)was used to evaluate and compare the estimation *** results showed that the feature selection pipeline can improve sOH estimation accuracy by 55.05%,2.57%,and 2.82%for MLR,GPR and sVR *** was demonstrated that the estimation based on partial charging profiles with lower starting voltage,large charge,and large sliding window size is more likely to achieve higher *** work hopes to give some insights into the supervised ML-based feature engineering acting on random partial recharges on sOH estimation performance and tries to fill the gap of effective sOH estimation between theoretical study and real dynamic application.

关键词： Feature engineering Dynamic forklift aging profile state of health comparison Machine learning Lithium-ion batteries

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Elevation transition of aquatic insects closely matches a thermal feature in the Yungas of Northwestern Argentina

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Journal of Mountain science 2024年第2期21卷 433-448页

作者： Alexandra BUITRAGO-GUACANAME Carlos MOLINERI Andrés LIRA-NORIEGA daniel Andrés DOs sANTOs Neotropical Biodiversity Institute(CONICET-UNT) UNT-DomesHorco Molle S/N4107 TucumánArgentina CONACYT Research Fellow Network of Advanced Molecular StudiesInstitute of Ecology A.COld Road to Coatepec 351El HayaCP 91073XalapaVeracruzMexico Biostatistics Chair Faculty of Natural Sciences and IMLNational University of TucumánSan Miguel de TucumánMiguel Lillo 2054000 TucumánArgentina

Temperature is a key factor that shapes the distribution of *** knowledge about how species respond to temperature is relevant to devise strategies for addressing the impacts of climate *** insects are particularly vulnerable to climate change,yet there is still much to learn about their ecology and *** the Yungas ecoregion of Northwestern Argentina,cold-and warm-adapted species of the orders Ephemeroptera,Plecoptera,and Trichoptera(EPT)are segregated by *** modeled the ecological niche of south American EPT species in this region using available data and projected their potential distribution in geographic *** were grouped based on their ecogeographic similarity,and we analyzed their replacement pattern along elevation gradients,focusing on the ecotone where opposing thermal preferences *** this interface,we identified critical points where the combined incidence of cold and warm assemblages maximizes,indicating a significant transition *** found that the Montane Cloud Forest holds the interface,with a particularly greater suitability at its lower *** main axis of the interface runs in a N-s direction and falls between 14°C-16°C mean annual *** probability of a particular location within a basin being classified as part of the interface increases as Kira’s warmth index approaches a score around *** the interface is critical for defining the thermal limits of species distribution and designing biomonitoring *** in the location of thermal constants related to mountainous ecotones may cause vertical displacement of aquatic insects and vegetation *** have recognized significant temperature thresholds that serve as indicators of suitability for the *** global warming is anticipated to shift these indicators,we suggest using them to monitor the imprints of climate change on mountain ecosystems.

关键词： Austral Yungas Ecological Niche Model Ephemeroptera Kira’s warmth index Plecoptera Trichoptera

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Assessing the energy saving potential of using adaptive setpoint temperatures:The case study of a regional adaptive comfort model for Brazil in both the present and the future

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Building simulation 2024年第3期17卷 459-482页

作者： daniel sánchez-García David Bienvenido-Huertas Carlos Rubio-Bellido Ricardo Forgiarini Rupp Department of Electrical Engineering University Carlos III of MadridMadridSpain Department of Building simulation ZEROCEM SLSevilleSpain Department of Building Constructions University of GranadaGranadaSpain Department of Building Constructions II University of SevilleSevilleSpain section of Design for sustainability Department of Civil and Mechanical EngineeringTechnical University of DenmarkKgs.LyngbyDenmark

It has been found in recent years that using setpoint temperatures based on adaptive thermal comfort models is a successful method of energy *** studies using adaptive setpoint temperatures incorporate international models from AsHRAE standard 55 and *** study,however,has instead considered a regional Brazilian adaptive comfort *** study investigates the energy demand arising from the use of a local Brazilian comfort model in order to assess the energy implications from the use of the worldwide AsHRAE standard 55 adaptive model and various fixed setpoint *** of Brazil’s climate zones,full air-conditioning,mixed-mode building operating modes,present-day climate change scenarios,and future scenarios—specifically Representative Concentration Pathways(RCP)2.6,4.5,and 8.5 for the years 2050 and 2100—have all been taken into account in building energy *** use of adaptive setpoint temperatures based on the Brazilian local model considering mixed-mode has been found to significantly reduce energy consumption when compared to static setpoint temperatures(average energy-saving values ranging from 52%to 58%)and the AsHRAE 55 adaptive model(average values ranging from 15%to 21%).Considering climate change and the mixed-mode Brazilian model,the overall energy demand for the three groups of climatic zones(annual average outdoor temperatures≤21℃,>21 and≤25℃and>25℃)ranged between 2%decrease and 5%increase,4%and 27%increase,and 13%and 45%increase,*** is concluded as a consequence that setting setpoint temperatures based on the Brazilian local adaptive comfort model is a very efficient energy-saving method.

关键词： adaptive thermal comfort building energy simulation energy efficiency climate change adaptive setpoint temperatures local comfort mode

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Towards defining soil quality of Mediterranean calcareous agricultural soils:Reference values and potential core indicator set

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International soil and Water Conservation Research 2024年第1期12卷 145-155页

作者： Germán A.Durán daniel sacristán Edelweis Farrús Jaume Vadell Institut de Recerca i FormacióAgrària i Pesquera de les Illes Balears C/Eusebi Estada14507009PalmaSpain Plant Biology Department University of Valencia46100BurjassotValenciaSpain soil and Environmental Quality Department Centro de Investigaciones sobre Desertificación-CIDE(CSIC-Universitat de València-Generalitat Valenciana)Carretera Moncada-Náquera km 4.546113MoncadaValenciaSpain Universitat de les Illes Balears Cra.De Valldemossakm 7507122PalmaSpain

To avoid soil degradation,adapt to climate change and comply with the sustainable Development goals 2030(UN General Assembly),establishing the quality/fertility of the agricultural soils of the Mediterranean region and evaluate how these evolve with time is *** enables adequate management practices to be *** Mediterranean calcareous region has received little attention in this sense,in spite its soil ***,24 different representative calcareous agricultural soils of the Mediterranean region,including the main management strategies of agricultural soils(rainfed and irrigated),were sampled from the island of Mallorca;and their physical,chemical and biological properties *** values obtained for most of the soil characteristics allowed to establish an initial approach to the reference values for the type of calcareous agricultural soils considered,and to clearly distinguish the effect of rainfed or irrigation management practices on soils properties and *** enzyme activities were not stimulated by the irrigation conditions assayed or they were only in dry conditions,suggesting optimum enzyme activities could be obtained when alternating dry and humid soil *** organic carbon,calcium carbonate and active lime revealed of significant importance in the collection of ***,the results obtained clearly indicate the heterogeneity of the region and its implications on the different soil ***,this study could serve as a starting point to adequately establish the quality(fertility)for Mediterranean calcareous agricultural soils and their reference values by conducting further research in this region and including more type of soils.

关键词： soil fertility Mediterranean agricultural soils Calcareous soils soil enzymes soil management

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RPLP0/TBP are the most stable reference genes for human dental pulp stem cells under osteogenic differentiation

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World Journal of stem Cells 2024年第6期16卷 656-669页

作者： daniel B Ferreira Leticia M Gasparoni Cristiane F Bronzeri Katiucia B s Paiva Laboratory of Extracellular Matrix Biology and Cellular Interaction Department of AnatomyInstitute of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of São PauloSão Paulo 05508-000São PauloBrazil

BACKGROUND Validation of the reference gene(RG)stability during experimental analyses is essential for correct quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR)data ***,in an unreliable way,several studies use genes involved in essential cellular functions[glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydro-genase(GAPDH),18s rRNA,andβ-actin]without paying attention to whether they are suitable for such experimental conditions or the reason for choosing such ***,such studies use only one gene when Minimum Information for Publication of Quantitative Real-Time PCR Experiments guidelines recom-mend two or more *** impacts the credibility of these studies and causes dis-tortions in the gene expression *** tissue engineering,the accuracy of gene expression drives the best experimental or therapeutical *** cultivated DPsCs under two conditions:Undifferentiated and osteogenic dif-ferentiation,both for 35 *** evaluated the gene expression of 10 candidates for RGs[ribosomal protein,large,P0(RPLP0),TATA-binding protein(TBP),GAPDH,actin beta(ACTB),tubulin(TUB),aminolevulinic acid synthase 1(ALAs1),tyro-sine 3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activation protein,zeta(YWHAZ),eukaryotic translational elongation factor 1 alpha(EF1a),succinate dehydrogenase complex,subunit A,flavoprotein(sDHA),and beta-2-micro-globulin(B2M)]every 7 d(1,7,14,21,28,and 35 d)by *** data were analysed by the four main algorithms,ΔCt method,geNorm,NormFinder,and BestKeeper and ranked by the RefFinder *** subdivided the samples into eight *** All of the data sets from clonogenic and osteogenic samples were analysed using the RefFinder *** final ranking showed RPLP0/TBP as the two most stable RGs and TUB/B2M as the two least stable *** theΔCt method or NormFinder analysis showed TBP/RPLP0 as the two most stable ***,geNorm analysis showed RPLP0/EF1αin the first *** algorithms’two least stab

关键词： Dental pulp stem cells Reference gene Housekeeping gene Endogenous gene Osteogenic differentiation RefFinder

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Tribologically induced nanostructural evolution of carbon materials: A new perspective

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Friction 2024年第1期12卷 144-163页

作者： Guilherme Oliveira NEVEs Nicolás ARAYA Diego Berti sALVARO Thiago de souza LAMIM Renan Oss GIACOMELLI Cristiano BINDER Aloisio Nelmo KLEIN Josédaniel Biasoli de MELLO Laboratório de Materiais Universidade Federal de Santa CatarinaSanta Catarina 88040-900Brazil Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica Facultad de IngenieríaUniversidad del Bío-BíoConcepcion 4070-386Chile Universidad de Concepción Concepcion 4070-386Chile sENAI Innovation Institute for Laser Processing Santa Catarina 89218-153Brazil Universidade Federal de Uberlândia Minas Gerais 38408-100Brazil

Carbon-based solid lubricants are excellent options to reduce friction and wear,especially with the carbon capability to adopt different allotropes *** the macroscale,these materials are sheared on the contact along with debris and contaminants to form tribolayers that govern the tribosystem *** a recently developed advanced Raman analysis on the tribolayers,it was possible to quantify the contactinduced defects in the crystalline structure of a wide range of allotropes of carbon-based solid lubricants,from graphite and carbide-derived carbon particles to multi-layer graphene and carbon *** addition,these materials were tested under various dry sliding conditions,with different geometries,topographies,and solid-lubricant application *** of the initial tribosystem conditions and allotrope level of atomic ordering,there is a remarkable trend of increasing the point and line defects density until a specific saturation limit in the same order of magnitude for all the materials tested.

关键词： carbon nanostructures tribology Raman spectroscopy defects quantification tribolayer solid lubrication

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