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Simulation of the deformable lateral boundaries in biaxial test using dEM

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Particuology 2024年第5期88卷 161-175页

作者： Ali Momeni Barry clarke Yong Sheng Ali Hassanpour WSP 3 Wellington PlaceLeedsLS1 4APUK Hull University HullHU6 7RXUK School of Civil Engineering University of LeedsLeedsLS2 9JTUK School of Computer Science University of HullHullHU6 7RXUK School of Chemical and Process Engineering University of LeedsLeedsLS2 9JTUK

Applying the discrete element method(dEM)in soil mechanics can provide abundant information at the particle-scale and facilitates illustration of the macro-mechanical behaviour of soils based on the inter-particle *** triaxial test is one of the most common laboratory methods to study the macro-mechanical behaviour of particulate materials such as ***,many problems in geotechnical design can be assumed and simplified as a plane strain *** a biaxial test can be conducted to reproduce the macro-mechanical behaviour of soil,where the sample is enclosed by two horizontal rigid platens and a vertical latex membrane,which is a deformable continuous element and allows the enclosed specimen to deform freely while maintaining confining stress during *** paper presents an algorithm to represent physical and mechanical characteristics of latex membrane in the 2d dEM simulation of biaxial test using the PFC^(2d) *** investigate the impact of the lateral boundary conditions on the micro-macro mechanical behaviours of soil samples,two sets of dEM biaxial tests are conducted,*** rigid and deformable lateral boundary *** dEM modeling results indicate that the lateral boundary conditions have a significant effect on the micro-scale fabric properties,thickness and inclination of the shear *** comparison between these two simulations also demonstrates that the lateral boundary conditions play a major role in the peak and post-peak stress-strain behaviours as well as the dilation and critical state behaviours of granular soils.

关键词： discrete element method Biaxial test deformable boundaries Shear band Critical state Fabric anisotropy Geometrical stability index

Use of Patient-Specific “4d” Tele-Education to Enhance Actual and Perceived Knowledge in Congenital Heart disease (CHd) Patients

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Congenital Heart disease 2024年第1期19卷 5-17页

作者： Molly clarke Karin Hamann Nancy Klein Laura Olivieri Yue-Hin Loke department of Inpatient Cardiology Boston Children’s HospitalBoston02115USA department of Cardiology Children’s National HospitalWashington20001USA department of Cardiology Noninvasive Cardiac ImagingUniversity of Pittsburgh Medical Center Children’s Hospital of PittsburghPittsburgh15224USA

Background:Patients with congenital heart disease(CHd)will transition to lifelong adult congenital cardiac ***,their structural heart disease is challenging to convey via two-dimensional *** study utilized a tele-educational environment,with personalized three-dimensional(3d)modeling and health details(3d+details=“4d”),to improve actual and perceived knowledge,both important components of transition readiness in CHd ***:Participants aged≥13 years with a history of CHd and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)studies were *** MRI datasets were then used to segment and create 3d heart models(using Mimics,Materialize Inc.).Participantsﬁrst completed the MyHeart Questionnaire,a validated survey of actual knowledge.A tele-educational session was then scheduled,during which participants were shown a 3d model of a normal heart,followed by their personal 3d heart model and speciﬁc health *** then repeated the actual knowledge survey,in addition to questionnaires assessing perceived knowledge pre-and post-session,as well as a satisfaction ***:Twenty-two patients were *** knowledge increased from 75%±15%to 89%±20%(p=0.00043)and perceived knowledge increased inﬁve of seven *** knowledge correlated with perceived knowledge(r=0.608,pd the 3d model as“very satisfactory”and ninety-ﬁve percent ranked the educational session as“very help-ful”or“extremely helpful.”Conclusions:The use of“4d”tele-education increased both actual and perceived knowledge and may help improve transition readiness in CHd patients.

关键词： Congenital heart disease tele-education transition

Affective responses to supervised 10-week programs of resistance exercise in older adults

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2020年第6期9卷 604-613页

作者： darren L.Richardson Michael J.duncan Alfonso Jimenez Paul M.Juris Neil d.clarke Centre for Applied Biological&Exercise Sciences School of Life SciencesCoventry UniversityCoventry CV12DSUK department of Kinesiology University of Massachusetts AmherstAmherstMA 01003USA

Background:Resistance exercise has numerous,well-documented benefits on the health and functional performance of older ***,little information exists on the affective responses to resistance exercise in this *** affective responses can predict continued exercise behavior,examining if and how they differ between resistance exercise intensities and frequencies in older adults may provide important data to improve resistance exercise ***:We monitored the affective responses of older adults when performing high-velocity,low-load(HVLL)or low-velocity,high-load(LVHL)resistance exercise once or twice weekly.A total of 40 moderately to highly active,but resistance-exercise naïve,older adults(60-79 years)completed 1 of 4 randomly assigned progressive resistance exercise conditions:HVLL once weekly(HVLL1:n=10),HVLL twice weekly(HVLL2:n=10),LVHL once weekly(LVHL1:n=10),or LVHL twice weekly(LVHL2:n=10).The Physical Activity Affect Scale,Felt Arousal Scale,Feeling Scale,rating of perceived exertion,Visual Analog Scale,and the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale were used to assess enjoyment and affective ***:The results from Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale(out of 35)suggest that all exercise conditions were largely and similarly enjoyable to older adults(HVLL1:30.9±2.4;LVHL1:31.9±3.6;HVLL2:30.9±3.5;LVHL2:30.2±3.7)despite greater fatigue(p=0.033;ηp^2p=0.22)and perceived workload(p=0.042;ηp^2=0.20)in LVHL(results from Visual Analog Scale).Conclusion:Moderately to highly physically active older adults may tolerate higher intensities of resistance exercise performed once or twice weekly without experiencing a negative impact on ***,the role that supervision and social interaction played in shaping the participants’responses is unclear.

关键词： Aging Enjoyment Exercise affect Health education Older adults

British Soccer Academy Personnel Perceive Psychological and Technical/Tactical Attributes as the Most Important Contributors to development

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Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 2022年第1期4卷 37-48页

作者： Rich J.Kite Mark R.Noon Rhys Morris Peter Mundy Neil d.clarke Faculty of Health Academy Sports Science and Medical department Coventry City Football ClubCoventryUK

Purpose Understanding the desired attributes for talented soccer players may give insight into the process of(de)selection and player *** study aimed to explore soccer academy personnel’s perceptions of attributes associated with talent and *** Thirty English and Scottish academy personnel(managers,coaches,recruitment,sports scientists)provided per-ceptions into what attributes contribute to‘talent’,via an online *** an E-delphi method,seven experts refined these inputs over several rounds until a consensus was reached,resulting in 82 agreed *** terminology was resubmitted via a second online survey,where 45 academy personnel rated each using a Likert *** A ranking of attributes by importance was produced,finding Psychological and Technical/Tactical attributes con-sidered of greatest *** were observed,whereby recruitment personnel consistently over-emphasised the importance of several attributes compared to other personnel(P=0.02-0.04).When analyzed within each age phase,11 variations in the perceived importance of attributes were demonstrated in the youth phase(11-16 years,P=0.01)compared with 5 in the professional phases(17-23 years,P=0.01-0.05)Conclusion The present study demonstrates that‘talent’requires multifaceted developments,with academy personnel per-ceiving psychological attributes the most important contributor to development.

关键词： Talent development Characteristics Elite player performance plan Youth

Colorectal cancer surveillance in inflammatory bowel disease:Practice guidelines and recent developments

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第30期25卷 4148-4157页

作者： William T clarke Joseph d Feuerstein department of Medicine and division of Gastroenterology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Harvard Medical School

Patients with long-standing inflammatory bowel disease(IBd)involving at least 1/3 of the colon are at increased risk for colorectal cancer(CRC).Advancements in CRC screening and surveillance and improved treatment of IBd has reduced CRC incidence in patients with ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s *** cases of CRC are thought to arise from dysplasia,and recent evidence suggests that the majority of dysplastic lesions in patients with IBd are visible,in part thanks to advancements in high definition colonoscopy and *** practice guidelines have supported the use of chromoendoscopy with targeted biopsies of visible lesions rather than traditional random *** are encouraged to endoscopically resect visible dysplasia and only recommend surgery when a complete resection is not *** technologies such as virtual chromoendoscopy are emerging as potential tools in CRC *** with IBd at increased risk for developing CRC should undergo surveillance colonoscopy using new approaches and techniques.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Colorectal cancer screening Ulcerative colitis Crohn’s disease Colonoscopy Chromoendoscopy

Molecular mechanisms of metastasis in prostate cancer

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2009年第1期11卷 57-67页

作者： Noel W. clarke Claire A. Hart Mick d. Brown Genito-Urinary Cancer Research Group School of Cancer and lmaging Sciences Paterson Institute for Cancer ResearchChristie Hospital University of Manchester Manchester M20 4BX UK

Prostate cancer （PCa） preferentially metastasizes to the bone marrow stroma of the axial skeleton. This activity is the principal cause of PCa morbidity and mortality. The exact mechanism of PCa metastasis is currently unknown, although considerable progress has been made in determining the key players in this process. In this review, we present the current understanding of the molecular processes driving PCa metastasis to the bone.

关键词： bone bone marrow stroma metastasis prostate cancer

光激发荧光谱术分析Co-Cr-Al(Y)纳米涂层的氧化 Ⅰ.Al_2O_3相的表征与相转变

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金属学报 2003年第10期39卷 1055-1059页

作者：彭晓王福会 d.R.clarke 中国科学院金属研究所金属腐蚀与防护国家重点实验室 Materials department College of Engineering University of California at Santa Barbara CA 93106-5050

磁控溅射Co—Cr—Al(Y)纳米涂层在1000,1100和1200℃氧化一定时间后,用光激发荧光谱技术表征热生长的Al2O3相.发现氧化层局部区域存在由非稳态相向稳态相的转变,即: γ→θ→α;其转变过程随温度升高显著加快,并在1200℃下变得不明显.... 详细信息

磁控溅射Co—Cr—Al(Y)纳米涂层在1000,1100和1200℃氧化一定时间后,用光激发荧光谱技术表征热生长的Al2O3相.发现氧化层局部区域存在由非稳态相向稳态相的转变,即: γ→θ→α;其转变过程随温度升高显著加快,并在1200℃下变得不明显.在相同温度下,Y明显减缓Al2O3相转变过程.

关键词：光激发荧光谱术 A12O3 相转变 Co—Cr—Al(Y)纳米涂层磁控溅射

Portal vein ligation accelerates tumor growth in ligated,but not contralateral lobes

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第30期16卷 3816-3826页

作者： Nozomu Sakai Callisia N clarke Rebecca Schuster John Blanchard Amit d Tevar Michael J Edwards Alex B Lentsch department of Surgery University of Cincinnati231 Albert Sabin WayCincinnatiOH 45267-0558United States

AIM: To investigate the mechanisms of liver growth and atrophy after portal vein ligation (PVL) and its effects on tumor growth. METHOdS: Mice were subjected to PVL, partial hepatectomy, or sham surgery. The morphological alterations, activation of transcription factors, and expression of cytokines and growth factors involved in liver regeneration were evaluated. In a separate set of experiments, murine colorectal carcinoma cells were injected via the portal vein and the effect of each operation on liver tumor growth was studied. RESULTS: Liver regeneration after PVL and partial hepatectomy were very similar. In ligated lobes, various cytokines, transcription factors and regulatory factors were signifi cantly upregulated compared to nonligated lobes after PVL. Atrophy in ligated lobes was a result of early necrosis followed by later apoptosis. Tumor growth was signifi cantly accelerated in ligated compared to non-ligated ***: Tumor growth was accelerated in ligated liver lobes and appeared to be a result of increased growth factor expression.

关键词： Portal vein ligation Tumor growth Growth factor Atrophy Apoptosis

Agricultural impacts of longwall mine subsidence:the experience in Illinois,USA and Queensland,Australia

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2014年第2期1卷 207-212页

作者： Robert G.darmody R.Bauer d.Barkley S.clarke d.Hamilton Land Reclamation division Illinois Natural Resources DepartmentIllinois Prairie Research InstituteUniversity of IllinoisChampaignUSA Bandanna Energy Limited and Agricultural Coexistence Research Committee BrisbaneAustralia

Unlike conventional room and pillar underground coal mining,where subsidence is designed to be prevented,subsidence is a planned outcome of other *** include high extraction retreat,where the roof supporting pillars are systematically removed,and longwall mining,which employs a machine that mines a continuous strip of coal,thus leaving no roof *** types result in the surface dropping -70% of the mined-out *** Illinois there was a concern that farm land thus subsided would be lost to productive ***,the possibility that planned mine subsidence would be banned in Illinois lead to the creation of the Illinois Mine Subsidence Research Program in 1985 to investigate agricultural impacts of planned mine subsidence and the possibility of mitigating its *** findings established that subsidence was not as detrimental as feared and that the impacts could be *** project was a successful collaboration of state and federal governments and local ***,in Queensland,longwall mining is opposed by some in the farming *** response,Bandanna Energy,the company planning the mining,organized the Agricultural Coexistence Research Committee to oversee research into the mitigation of longwall mining *** the soils,climate,and regulatory regimes are different,concerns of the local communities are similar.

关键词： Agricultural impact Longwall mine subsidence Coal mining subsidence Subsidence mitigation