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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2024年第2期15卷 198-212页

作者： Evalyna Bogdan Rachel Krueger Julie wright Kyle Woods Shaieree Cottar School of Administrative Studies Disaster and Emergency Management ProgramYork UniversityTorontoOntario M3J 1P3Canada Department of Geography and Environmental Management University of WaterlooWaterlooOntario N2L 3G1Canada Partners for Action Faculty of EnvironmentUniversity of WaterlooWaterlooOntario N2L 3G1Canada

Older adults are significantly impacted by natural hazards and disasters that are exacerbated by climate change. Understanding their awareness and preparedness is essential for enhancing disaster resilience. This study investigated the attitudes, actions, and recommendations of older adults regarding natural hazards that pose risks in their geographic area—specifically floods, wildfires, and/or earthquakes in Canada. Methods for this study included survey and focus groups with older adults(n = 161 and n = 10, respectively) and other high-risk groups from across Canada, that are vulnerable to these natural hazards. The main findings from this study are that current awareness and preparedness among older adults is low, though stronger perceptions of risks are associated with risks specific to geographic locations where respondents live. Several barriers, such as hazard vulnerability misperceptions, cost-related reasons, and lack of hazard awareness have resulted in low awareness and preparedness among these populations. The two main recommendations arising from this research are:(1) improve awareness and preparedness with tailor-made emergency preparedness materials for older adults;and(2) adopt community-based approaches to disaster preparedness through existing community groups to strengthen social connections with a focus on locally specific hazards. The findings from this research can be applied to other hazards, including heatwaves and pandemics.

关键词： Canada Community-based disaster risk management Disaster awareness and preparedness Disaster resilience Natural hazards Older adults

Cardiac differentiation is modulated by anti-apoptotic signals in murine embryonic stem cells

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2024年第5期16卷 551-559页

作者： Amani Yehya Joseph Azar Mohamad Al-Fares Helene Boeuf Wassim Abou-Kheir dana Zeineddine Ola Hadadeh Department of Anatomy Cell Biology and Physiological SciencesAmerican University of BeirutBeirut 1107-2020Lebanon Inserm BiotisU1026University BordeauxBordeaux F-33000France Rammal Rammal lab Physio-Toxicity Environmental TeamFaculty of SciencesLebanese UniversityNabatieh 0000Lebanon

BACKGROUND Embryonic stem cells(ESCs)serve as a crucial ex vivo model,representing epiblast cells derived from the inner cell mass of blastocyst-stage *** exhibit a unique combination of self-renewal potency,unlimited proliferation,and *** latter is evident by the ability of the isolated cells to differ-entiate spontaneously into multiple cell lineages,representing the three primary embryonic germ *** regulatory networks guide ESCs,directing their self-renewal and lineage-specific ***,or programmed cell death,emerges as a key event involved in sculpting and forming various organs and structures ensuring proper embryonic ***-ever,the molecular mechanisms underlying the dynamic interplay between diffe-rentiation and apoptosis remain poorly *** To investigate the regulatory impact of apoptosis on the early differentiation of ESCs into cardiac cells,using mouse ESC(mESC)models-mESC-B-cell lym-phoma 2(BCl-2),mESC-PIM-2,and mESC-metallothionein-1(MET-1)-which overexpress the anti-apoptotic genes Bcl-2,Pim-2,and Met-1,*** mESC-T2(wild-type),mESC-BCl-2,mESC-PIM-2,and mESC-MET-1 have been used to assess the effect of potentiated apoptotic signals on cardiac *** hanging drop method was adopted to generate embryoid bodies(EBs)and induce terminal differentiation of *** size of the generated EBs was measured in each condition compared to the wild *** the functional level,the percentage of cardiac differentiation was measured by calculating the number of beating cardiomyocytes in the manipulated mESCs compared to the *** the molecular level,quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was used to assess the mRNA expression of three cardiac markers:Troponin T,GATA4,and ***,troponin T protein expression was evaluated through immunofluorescence and western blot *** Our findings showed that the upregulation of Bcl-

关键词： Mouse embryonic stem cells Self-renewal Apoptosis Cardiac differentiation B-cell lymphoma 2 PIM-2 Metallothionein-1

Fragipan Horizon Changes Using Annual Ryegrass and Other Admendments

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Open Journal of Soil Science 2024年第6期14卷 388-397页

作者： lloyd Murdock Anastasios Karathanasis Dottie Call dana l. Dinnes Amitava Chatterjee Department of Plant & Soil Science University of Kentucky Lexington KY USA USDA-ARS National Laboratory for Agriculture and the Environment University Bldg Ames IA USA

A greenhouse experiment was conducted involving intact fragipan soil cores of 50 cm thickness after removing the topsoil horizons. The cores were maintained in moist condition throughout the experiment and received several treatments with various amendments for different periods ranging from 9 to 17 months. The amendments included annual ryegrass or Festulolium residues, powder limestone and various humate compounds alone or in combination with the grass residues. The results suggested a significant effect of ryegrass and Festulolium in reducing penetration resistance into the top 10 cm of the fragipan within 9 - 17 months, particularly when used in combination with certain humate materials such as leonardite. Apparently, this is the result of the release of certain soluble organic compounds from the plant residues or the humate amendments that increase the solubility of Si and Al associated with the fragipan brittleness, thus decreasing the density of the compacted fragipan material.

关键词： Fragipan Fragipan Horizon Fragipan Soils Changing the Fragipan Annual Ryegrass Changes Fragipan Festulolium Changes Fragipan Amendments That Change the Fragipan

An electropenetrography waveform library for the probing and ingestion behaviors of Culex tarsalis on human hands

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Insect Science 2024年第4期31卷 1165-1186页

作者： Anastasia M.W.Cooper Samuel B.Jameson Victoria Pickens Cameron Osborne Elaine A.Backus Kristopher Silver dana N.Mitzel Department of Entomology Kansas State UniversityManhattanKansasUSA Department of Tropical Medicine Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical MedicineNew OrleansLos AngelesUSA USDA Agricultural Research Service San Joaquin Valley Agricultural Sciences CenterParlierCaliforniaUSA National Bio and Agro-Defense Facility USDA Agricultural Research ServiceManhattanKansasUSA

Culex tarsalis Coquillett(Diptera:Culicidae)mosquitoes are capable of vectoring numerous pathogens affecting public and animal ***,the probing behaviors of mosquitoes are poorly understood because they occur in opaque ***(EPG)has the potential to elucidate these behaviors by recording the electrical signals generated during *** used an AC–DC EPG with variable input resistors(Ri levels)to construct a waveform library for *** feeding on human *** events associated with mosquito probing were used to characterize waveforms at four Ri levels and with two electrical current *** optimal settings for EPG recordings of *** probing on human hands was an Ri level of 10^(7)Ohms using an applied signal of 150 millivolts alternating *** for *** included those previously observed and associated with probing behaviors in Aedes aegypti l.(Diptera:Culicidae):waveform families J(surface salivation),K(stylet penetration through the skin),l(types 1 and 2,search for a blood vessel/ingestion site),M(types 1 and 2,ingestion),N(type 1,an unknown behavior which may be a resting and digestion phase),and W(withdrawal).However,we also observed variations in the waveforms not described in ***,which we named types l3,M3,M4,and *** investigation enhances our understanding of mosquito probing *** also provides a new tool for the automated calculation of peak *** work will facilitate future pathogen acquisition and transmission studies and help identify new pest and disease management targets.

关键词： AC-DC blood feeders electrical penetration graph EPG human hands mosquitoes waveform library

Carbon pool trends and dynamics within a subtropical peatland during long-term restoration

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Ecological Processes 2017年第1期6卷 449-462页

作者： Paul Julian II Stefan Gerber Alan l.wright Binhe Gu Todd Z.Osborne University of Florida Soil and Water Sciences DepartmentFt.PierceFL 34945USA. University of Florida Soil and Water Sciences DepartmentGainesvilleFL 32611USA. South Florida Water Management District Water Quality BureauWest Palm BeachFL 33406USA. University of Florida Whitney Laboratory for Marine BioscienceSt AugustineFL 32080USA.

Introduction:The Florida Everglades has undergone significant ecological change spanning the continuum of disturbance to *** the restoration effort is not complete and the ecosystem continues to experience short duration perturbations,a better understanding of long-term C dynamics of the Everglades is needed to facilitate new restoration *** study evaluated temporal trends of different aquatic carbon(C)pools of the northern Everglades Protection Area over a 20-year period to gauge historic C cycling *** inorganic C(DIC),dissolved organic C(DOC),particulate organic C(POC),and surface water carbon dioxide(pCO2(aq))were investigated between May 1,1994 and April 30,***:Annual mean concentrations of DIC,DOC,POC,and pCO2(aq)significantly decreased through time or remained constant across the Water Conservation Areas(WCAs).Overall,the magnitude of the different C pools in the water column significantly differed between *** of CO2 was dynamic across the Everglades ranging from 420 to 2001 kg CO2 year−***,the historic trend in CO2 flux from the marsh declined across our study area while pCO2(aq)largely remained somewhat constant with the exception of Water Conservation Area 2 which experienced significant declines in pCO2(aq).Particulate OC concentrations were consistent between WCAs,but a significantly decreasing trend in annual POC concentrations was ***:Hydrologic condition and nutrient inputs significantly influenced the balance,speciation,and flux of C pools across WCAs suggesting a subsidy-stress response in C dynamics relative to landscape scale responses in nutrient *** interplay between nutrient inputs and hydrologic condition exert a driving force on the balance between DIC and DOC production via the metabolism of organic matter which forms the base of the aquatic food *** the restoration trajectory as water quality and hydrology continues to improve,it is expect

关键词： Inorganic carbon Organic carbon Carbon dioxide Particulate carbon Hydrology Nutrients

护理专业国际学生短期访学教育项目的设计与实施

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International Journal of Nursing Sciences 2024年第1期11卷 83-90页

作者： Ubolrat Piamjariyakul Saima Shafique dana l.Friend Kimberly A.Adams Wiyakarn Sanghuachang Trisha M.Petitte Stephanie Young School of Nursing West Virginia UniversityMorgantownWVUSA Boromarajonani College of Nursing Saraburi SaraburiThailand

目的旨在描述制定及评估一项短期留学生研究和教育项目。方法研究分为项目制定与实施及评价2部分。根据1名国际学生的短期访学需求,护理学院的全球护理项目协调员和首席导师共同确定项目基本内容和团队成员。该项目学习活动考虑了该国... 详细信息

目的旨在描述制定及评估一项短期留学生研究和教育项目。方法研究分为项目制定与实施及评价2部分。根据1名国际学生的短期访学需求,护理学院的全球护理项目协调员和首席导师共同确定项目基本内容和团队成员。该项目学习活动考虑了该国际学生对老年人和居家临终关怀的兴趣,包括4项内容:.开展研究工作,参与教学活动,参与临床实践活动,以及特殊活动和专业发展培训课程。在为期6个月的访学结束时,对参与此次教学活动的教师、研究生及留学生进行访谈和简短问卷调查。结果通过访谈了解到3个方面的内容:通过参与该项目中获得的经验(增强了教育和研究的多样性,获得了新的全球医疗保健知识,对文化意识的自我反思和促进);项目实施的障碍和挑战(签证申请过程,英语语言障碍,缺乏公共交通设施,时间安排冲突);克服这些障碍和挑战的策略(在课程中增加文化多样性信息;与其他同学一起学习英语;使用不同的沟通技巧;在签证申请过程中与大学全球事务办公室持续合作;提供互动体验)。所有项目参与者都对该项目表示非常满意(4.67±0.50),认为对他们在科研、教学和临床实践方面的护理技能有很大影响(4.67±0.50)。结论此次项目的参与者均获得了相关经验,可用于今后的教学指导活动。国际护理专业学生需要得到帮助才能更好地适应访学环境,教师必须具有文化敏感性,了解学生的学习需求,并倡导营造适合学生学习的环境。

关键词：评价国际学生护理教育课程

Soil Enzyme Activities and Organic Matter Composition Affected by 26 Years of Continuous Cropping

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Pedosphere 2016年第5期26卷 618-625页

作者： Fugen DOU Alan l.wright Rao S.MYlAVARAPU JIANG Xianjun John E.MATOCHA Texas A&M Agrilife Research Center at Beaumont BeaumontTX 77713(USA) University of Florida Indian River Research&Education CenterFt.PierceFL 34945(USA) University of Florida Soil&Water Science Dept.GainesvilleFL 32611(USA) Southwest University College of Resources and EnvironmentChongqing(China) Texas A&M University Agricultural Research and Extension CenterCorpus ChristiTX 78406(USA)

The study was to determine the long-term effects of subtropical monoculture and rotational cropping systems and fertilization on soil enzyme activities and soil C, N, and P levels. Cropping systems included continuous sorghum(Sorghum bicolor l.), cotton(Gossypium hirsutum l.), corn(Zea mays l.), and cotton/sorghum rotations after 26 years of treatment imposition. Soil under continuous sorghum and continuous corn had 15% and 11%, respectively, greater C concentrations than soil under continuous *** C was 10% higher at 0–7.5 cm than at 7.5–15 cm. Total N followed similar trends with soil depth as organic C. Continuous sorghum had 19% higher total N than other crop species and rotations. With fertilization, continuous cotton had the highest total P at 0–7.5 cm and sorghum had the highest at 7.5–15 cm. Soil total P was 14% higher at 0–7.5 than at 7.5–15 cm, and fertilization increased 15% total P compared to unfertilized soil. Arylsulfatase, alkaline phosphatase, and β-d-glucosidase activity were the highest for sorghum and the lowest for cotton. Rotation increased enzyme activities compared to continuous cotton but not for continuous sorghum. Of all crop species and rotations, continuous cotton generally showed the lowest levels of organic matter and enzyme activities after 26 years. Fertilization significantly increased the yields for all cropping systems, but rotation had no significant effect on either sorghum or cotton lint yield compared to each crop grown in monoculture. long-term cropping did not increase soil organic matter levels beyond short-term gains, indicating the difficulty in promoting C sequestration in subtropical soils.

关键词： C sequestration fertilization monoculture rotation subtropical soil

Autotrophic and Heterotrophic Nitri?cation in a Highly Acidic Subtropical Pine Forest Soil

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Pedosphere 2016年第6期26卷 904-910页

作者： FAEFlEN J.Sarwee lI Shiwei XIN Xiaoping Alan l.wright JIANG Xianjun College of Resources and Environment Southwest UniversityChongqing 400715(China) Everglades Research&Education Center University of FloridaBelle Glade FL 33430(USA)

The occurrence of nitri?cation in some acidic forest soils is still a subject of ***?cation of main nitri?cation pathways in acidic forest soils is still largely *** yellow soil(Oxisol) samples were selected to test whether nitri?cation can occur or not in acidic subtropical pine forest *** contributions of autotrophs and heterotrophs to nitri?cation were studied by adding selective nitri?cation inhibitor *** NH^+_4-N concentrations decreased,but NO^-_3-N concentrations increased signi?cantly for the no-nitrapyrin control during the ?rst week of incubation,indicating that nitri?cation did occur in the acidic subtropical *** calculated net nitri?cation rate was 0.49 mg N kg^(-1)d^(-1)for the no-nitrapyrin control during the ?rst week of *** amendment resulted in a signi?cant reduction of NO^-_3-N *** nitri?cation rate averaged0.28 mg N kg^(-1)d^(-1)and the heterotrophic nitri?cation rate was 0.21 mg N kg^(-1)d^(-1)in the ?rst ***-oxidizing bacteria(AOB) abundance increased slightly during incubation,but nitrapyrin amendment signi?cantly decreased AOB amo A gene copy numbers by about 80%.However,the ammonia-oxidizing archaea(AOA) abundance showed signi?cant increases only in the last 2weeks of incubation and it was also decreased by nitrapyrin *** results indicated that nitri?cation did occur in the present acidic subtropical pine forest soil,and autotrophic nitri?cation was the main nitri?cation *** AOA and AOB were the active biotic agents responsible for autotrophic nitri?cation in the acidic subtropical pine forest soil.

关键词： acidic yellow soil ammonia-oxidizing archaea ammonia-oxidizing bacteria net nitrification rate nitrapyrin nitrification inhibitor

Evaluation of nutrient stoichiometric relationships among ecosystem compartments of a subtropical treatment wetland. Do we have “Redfield wetlands”?

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Ecological Processes 2019年第1期8卷 267-287页

作者： Paul Julian II Stefan Gerber Rupesh K.Bhomia Jill King Todd Z.Osborne Alan l.wright Matthew Powers Jacob Dombrowski Soil and Water Sciences Department University of FloridaFt.PierceFL34945USA Soil and Water Sciences Department University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32611USA South Florida Water Management District Water Quality Treatment TechnologiesWest Palm BeachFL 33406USA Whitney laboratory for Marine Bioscience University of FloridaSt AugustineFL 32080USA.

Background:Evaluation of carbon(C),nitrogen(N),and phosphorus(P)ratios in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems can advance our understanding of biological processes,nutrient cycling,and the fate of organic matter(OM)in these *** of aquatic ecosystems can change the accumulation and decomposition of OM which can alter biogeochemical cycling and alter the base of the aquatic food *** study investigated nutrient stoichiometry within and among wetland ecosystem compartments(i.e.,water column,flocculent,soil,and aboveground vegetation biomass)of two subtropical treatment wetlands with distinct vegetation *** flow-ways(FWs)within the network of Everglades Stormwater Treatment Areas in south Florida(USA)were selected for this *** evaluated nutrient stoichiometry of these to understand biogeochemical cycling and controls of nutrient removal in a treatment wetland within an ecological stoichiometry ***:This study demonstrates that C,N,and P stoichiometry can be highly variable among ecosystem compartments and between *** law slopes of C,N,and P within surface water floc,soil,and vegetation were significantly different between and along ***:Assessment of wetland nutrient stoichiometry between and within ecosystem compartments suggests unconstrained stoichiometry related to P that conforms with the notion of P limitation in the *** in N:P ratios between floc and soil suggest different pathways of organic nutrient accumulation and retention between *** nutrient stoichiometry was highly variable and decoupled(or close to decoupled as indicated bylained variation between parameters),in particular with respect to *** hypothesize that decoupling may be the imprint of variability in inflow nutrient ***,despite active biogeochemical cycles that could act to restore nutrient stoichiometry along the FW,there was little evidence that such balancing occurred,as the

关键词： Decomposition Mineralization Everglades Treatment wetlands