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Verification of Characteristics of Gaussian Filter Series for Surface Roughness in ISO and Proposal of Filter Selection Guidelines

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Nanomanufacturing and Metrology 2021年第2期4卷 97-108页

作者： Yuki Kondo Ichiro Yoshida dan nakaya Munetoshi Numada Hiroyasu Koshimizu HOSEI University 3-7-2 Kajino-choKoganei-shiTokyo184-8584Japan Chukyo University 101-2 Yagotohonmati Showa-kuNagoyaAichi466-8666Japan YYC Solution 3-102-3F Kamiyashiro Meito-kuNagoyaAichi465-0025Japan

In surface roughness measurement,if spikes are included in the primary profile,a problem occurs wherein the Gaussian filter(GF)is unable to extract the shape components.To address this problem,the use of a robust filter is proposed.However,ISO16610-31:Gaussian regression filters(GRF)only provide a single method and a few examples,and does not specify the conditions under which the primary profile can be covered.Moreover,the data presented in the example on robustness in ISO16610-31 do not contain roughness components.In actual roughness measurements,no primary profile exists that does not include a roughness component.Because the characteristics of GRFs are unknown,it is not yet clear which filter should be used for which primary profile,and this is an issue that has been raised at ISO and JIS conferences.In addition,the establishment of filter selection guidelines is necessary at measurement sites.Therefore,this paper clarifies the characteristics of GF-series filters,summarizes the points to be considered when using them,and identifies the filter that should be selected according to different situations.Based on the results,a figure that visualizes the characteristics of filters and a flowchart regarding which filter should be used are created;these tools,to the best of the authors’knowledge,did not exist prior to this study.It is believed that these results will help fulfil the needs of measuring job sites and also aid in filter selection.

关键词： Surface roughness Gaussian filter Robust filter M-estimation method Fast M-estimation method

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Challenges and Opportunities in Preserving Key Structural Features of 3D-Printed Metal/Covalent Organic Framework

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第8期16卷 362-381页

作者： Ximeng Liu dan Zhao John Wang Department of Materials Science and Engineering National University of SingaporeSingapore 117574Singapore Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering National University of SingaporeSingapore 117585Singapore National University of Singapore(Chongqing)Research Institute Chongqing 401123People’s Republic of China

Metal-organic framework(MOF)and covalent organic framework(COF)are a huge group of advanced porous materials exhibiting attractive and tunable microstructural features,such as large surface area,tunable pore size,and functional surfaces,which have significant values in various application areas.The emerging 3D printing technology further provides MOF and COFs(M/COFs)with higher designability of their macrostructure and demonstrates large achievements in their performance by shaping them into advanced 3D monoliths.However,the currently available 3D printing M/COFs strategy faces a major challenge of severe destruction of M/COFs’microstructural features,both during and after 3D printing.It is envisioned that preserving the microstructure of M/COFs in the 3D-printed monolith will bring a great improvement to the related applications.In this overview,the 3D-printed M/COFs are categorized into M/COF-mixed monoliths and M/COF-covered monoliths.Their differences in the properties,applications,and current research states are discussed.The up-to-date advancements in paste/scaffold composition and printing/covering methods to preserve the superior M/COF microstructure during 3D printing are further discussed for the two types of 3D-printed M/COF.Throughout the analysis of the current states of 3D-printed M/COFs,the expected future research direction to achieve a highly preserved microstructure in the 3D monolith is proposed.

关键词： Metal-organic frameworks Covalent organic frameworks 3D printing Microstructure Monolith

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Non-Deterministic Liveness-Enforcing Supervisor Tolerant to Sensor-Reading Modification Attacks

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第1期11卷 240-248页

作者： dan You Shouguang Wang IEEE the School of Information and Electronic Engineering Sussex Artificial Intelligence InstituteZhejiang Gongshang UniversityHangzhou 310018China

In this paper, we study the supervisory control problem of discrete event systems assuming that cyber-attacks might occur. In particular, we focus on the problem of liveness enforcement and consider a sensor-reading modification attack(SM-attack) that may disguise the occurrence of an event as that of another event by intruding sensor communication channels. To solve the problem, we introduce non-deterministic supervisors in the paper, which associate to every observed sequence a set of possible control actions offline and choose a control action from the set randomly online to control the system. Specifically, given a bounded Petri net(PN) as the reference formalism and an SMattack, an algorithm that synthesizes a liveness-enforcing nondeterministic supervisor tolerant to the SM-attack is proposed for the first time.

关键词： Cyber-attacks cyber-physical system(CPS) liveness non-deterministic supervisors Petri net(PN)

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Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid assessment facilitates precision medicine for lung cancer

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2024年第3期21卷 230-251页

作者： Hantao Zhang dan Deng Shujun Li Jing Ren Wei Huang dan Liu Weiya Wang Department of Pathology West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610000China West China Biobank West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610000China Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Clinical Research Center for Respiratory DiseaseWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610000China

Lung cancer is the most common and fatal malignant disease worldwide and has the highest mortality rate among tumor-related causes of death.Early diagnosis and precision medicine can significantly improve the survival rate and prognosis of lung cancer patients.At present,the clinical diagnosis of lung cancer is challenging due to a lack of effective non-invasive detection methods and biomarkers,and treatment is primarily hindered by drug resistance and high tumor heterogeneity.Liquid biopsy is a method for detecting circulating biomarkers in the blood and other body fluids containing genetic information from primary tumor tissues.Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF)is a potential liquid biopsy medium that is rich in a variety of bioactive substances and cell components.BALF contains information on the key characteristics of tumors,including the tumor subtype,gene mutation type,and tumor environment,thus BALF may be used as a diagnostic supplement to lung biopsy.In this review,the current research on BALF in the diagnosis,treatment,and prognosis of lung cancer is summarized.The advantages and disadvantages of different components of BALF,including cells,cell-free DNA,extracellular vesicles,and micro RNA are introduced.In particular,the great potential of extracellular vesicles in precision diagnosis and detection of drug-resistant for lung cancer is highlighted.In addition,the performance of liquid biopsies with different body fluid sources in lung cancer detection are compared to facilitate more selective studies involving BALF,thereby promoting the application of BALF for precision medicine in lung cancer patients in the future.

关键词： Lung cancer bronchoalveolar lavage fluid extracellular vesicles liquid biopsy precision medicine

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Relationship of Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness and Retinal Vessel Calibers with Cognitive Impairment in the Asymptomatic Polyvascular Abnormalities Population

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2024年第2期37卷 196-203页

作者： WANG dan dan WANG An Xin ZHANG Xiao Li WEI Wen Bin WU Shou Ling ZHAO Xing Quan Department of Neurology Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100070China China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases Beijing 100070China Beijing Tongren Eye Center Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual ScienceBeijing Tongren HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100005China Department of Cardiology Kailuan HospitalTangshan 063001HebeiChina

Objective Cognitive impairment(CI)in older individuals has a high morbidity rate worldwide,with poor diagnostic methods and susceptible population identification.This study aimed to investigate the relationship between different retinal metrics and CI in a particular population,emphasizing polyvascular status.Methods We collected information from the Asymptomatic Polyvascular Abnormalities Community Study on retinal vessel calibers,retinal nerve fiber layer(RNFL)thickness,and cognitive function of 3,785participants,aged 40 years or older.Logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between retinal metrics and cognitive function.Subgroups stratified by different vascular statuses were also analyzed.Results RNFL thickness was significantly thinner in the CI group(odds ratio:0.973,95%confidence interval:0.953–0.994).In the subgroup analysis,the difference still existed in the non-intracranial arterial stenosis,non-extracranial carotid arterial stenosis,and peripheral arterial disease subgroups(P<0.05).Conclusion A thin RNFL is associated with CI,especially in people with non-large vessel stenosis.The underlying small vessel change in RNFL and CI should be investigated in the future.

关键词： Retinal nerve fiber layer Cognitive impairment Polyvascular abnormality

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Impact of stage-specific limb function exercises guided by a selfmanagement education model on arteriovenous fistula maturation status

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第14期12卷 2316-2323页

作者： Yi Li Li-Jun Huang Jian-Wen Hou dan-dan Hu Department of Nursing The People's Hospital of Jianyang CityJianyang 641400Sichuan ProvinceChina Department of Nephrology The People's Hospital of Jianyang CityJianyang 641400Sichuan ProvinceChina Department of Head and Neck Surgery Zhejiang Cancer HospitalHangzhou 310000Zhejiang ProvinceChina School of Nursing Shangqiu Institute of TechnologyShangqiu 476005Henan ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND The exercise of limb function is the most economical and safe method to promote the maturation of arteriovenous fistula(AVF).However,due to the lack of a uni-fied exercise standard in China,many patients have insufficient awareness of the importance of AVF,leading to poor effectiveness of limb function exercise.The self-management education model can effectively promote patients to take pro-active health-related actions.This study focuses on the characteristics of patients during the peri-AVF period and conducts a phased limb function exercise under the guidance of the self-management education model to observe changes in fac-tors such as the maturity of AVF.AIM To assess the impact of stage-specific limb function exercises,directed by a self-management education model,on the maturation status of AVFs.METHODS This study is a randomized controlled trial involving 74 patients with forearm AVFs from the Nephrology Department of a tertiary hospital in Sichuan Province,China.Patients were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group using a random number table method.The observation group underwent tailored stage-specific limb func-tion exercises,informed by a self-management education model which took into account the unique features of AVF at various stages,in conjunction with routine care.Conversely,the control group was given standard limb function exercises along with routine care.The assessment involves the maturity of AVFs post-intervention,post-operative complications,and the self-management level of the fistula in both groups patients.Analyses were conducted using SPSS version 23.0.Count data were represented by frequency and percentage and subjected to chi-square test comparisons.Measurement data adhering to a normal distribution were presented as mean±SD.The independent samples t-test was utilized for inter-group comparisons,while the paired t-test was used for intra-group comparisons.For measurement data not fitting a normal distribution,the median and interquartile range were

关键词： Self-management Education model Stage-specific Limb function exercises Arteriovenous fistula Maturation status

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A credible traffic prediction method based on self-supervised causal discovery

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第5期67卷 244-258页

作者： dan WANG Yingjie LIU Bin SONG State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks Xidian University

Next-generation wireless network aims to support low-latency, high-speed data transmission services by incorporating artificial intelligence(AI) technologies. To fulfill this promise, AI-based network traffic prediction is essential for pre-allocating resources, such as bandwidth and computing power. This can help reduce network congestion and improve the quality of service(QoS) for users. Most studies achieve future traffic prediction by exploiting deep learning and reinforcement learning, to mine spatio-temporal correlated variables. Nevertheless, the prediction results obtained only by the spatio-temporal correlated variables cannot reflect real traffic changes. This phenomenon prevents the true prediction variables from being inferred, making the prediction algorithm perform poorly. Inspired by causal science, we propose a novel network traffic prediction method based on self-supervised spatio-temporal causal discovery(SSTCD). We first introduce the Granger causal discovery algorithm to build a causal graph among prediction variables and obtain spatio-temporal causality in the observed data, which reflects the real reasons affecting traffic changes.Next, a graph neural network(GNN) is adopted to incorporate causality for traffic prediction. Furthermore,we propose a self-supervised method to implement causal discovery to to address the challenge of lacking ground-truth causal graphs in the observed data. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the SSTCD method.

关键词： wireless network traffic prediction causal discovery self-supervised

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Difluoromethyl phenoxathiinium salt: A new general and versatile difluoromethylating reagent with divergent ·CF_(2)H, CF_(2)H^(+), and :CF_(2) reactivities

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第3期67卷 953-962页

作者： Yuan-Qing Gu Hong-Xin Long dan-dan Zhang Mei-Feng Ruan Guo-Kai Liu School of Pharmacy Shenzhen University Medical SchoolShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518055China

Development of practical and versatile electrophilic difluoromethylating reagent is still a grand challenge so far due to its inherent instability or low reactivity.Herein,we report the design and synthesis of difluoromethyl phenoxathiinium tetrafluoroborate(PT-CF_(2)H^(+)BF_(4)^(-)) as a novel difluoromethylating reagent,which proves to be a bench-stable,general,powerful and versatile reagent with divergent·CF_(2)H,CF_(2)H^(+),and:CF_(2) reactivities.Making use of this reagent,we demonstrated a vast array of difluoromethyl radical transfer reactions via diverse pathways involving photocatalyst-free visible-light induction,visible-light photoredox catalysis and visible-light mediation single electron transfer of EDA complex.Moreover,the green and highly effective CF_(2)H^(+) and:CF_(2) transfer reactions were also readily accomplished.

关键词： difluoromethyl phenoxathiinium salt versatile difluoromethylating reagent difluoromethyl radical difluoromthyl cation difluorocarbene

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High-throughput and simultaneous inertial separation of tumor cells and clusters from malignant effusions using spiral-contraction-expansion channels

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第2期10卷 91-99页

作者： Zhixian Zhu Hui Ren dan Wu Zhonghua Ni Nan Xiang School of Mechanical Engineering and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical InstrumentsSoutheast University211189NanjingChina School of Mechanical Technology Wuxi Institute of TechnologyNo.1600 Gaolang West Road214129WuxiChina Department of Oncology Jiangyin People’s Hospital214400JiangyinChina

Tumor cell clusters are regarded as critical factors in cancer pathophysiology,and increasing evidence of their higher treatment resistance and metastasis compared to single tumor cells has been obtained.However,existing cell separation methods that are designed for single tumor cells cannot be used to simultaneously purify tumor cell clusters.To address this problem,we demonstrated a microfluidic approach for the high-throughput,continuous-flow ternary separation of single tumor cells,tumor cell clusters,and WBCs from clinical pleural or abdominal effusions by coupling slanted spiral channels and periodic contraction-expansion arrays.We first systematically explored the influence of particle size and flow rate on particle focusing.The separation performance indicated that 94.0%of WBCs were removed and more than 97%of MDA-MB-231 tumor cells were recovered at a high flow rate of 3500µL/min.Moreover,more than 90%of tumor cell clusters were effectively preserved after separation.Finally,we successfully applied our device for the ternary separation of single tumor cells,tumor cell clusters,and WBCs from different malignant effusions collected from patients with metastatic cancer.Thus,our spiral-contraction-expansion device has potential as a sample pretreatment tool for the cytological diagnosis of malignant effusions.

关键词： separation contraction removed

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Total ionizing dose effect modeling method for CMOS digital-integrated circuit

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第2期35卷 32-46页

作者： Bo Liang Jin-Hui Liu Xiao-Peng Zhang Gang Liu Wen-dan Tan Xin-dan Zhang School of Computer Science and Technology Xidian UniversityXi’an 710071China

Simulating the total ionizing dose(TID)of an electrical system using transistor-level models can be difficult and expensive,particularly for digital-integrated circuits(ICs).In this study,a method for modeling TID effects in complementary metaloxide semiconductor(CMOS)digital ICs based on the input/output buffer information specification(IBIS)was proposed.The digital IC was first divided into three parts based on its internal structure:the input buffer,output buffer,and functional area.Each of these three parts was separately modeled.Using the IBIS model,the transistor V-I characteristic curves of the buffers were processed,and the physical parameters were extracted and modeled using VHDL-AMS.In the functional area,logic functions were modeled in VHDL according to the data sheet.A golden digital IC model was developed by combining the input buffer,output buffer,and functional area models.Furthermore,the golden ratio was reconstructed based on TID experimental data,enabling the assessment of TID effects on the threshold voltage,carrier mobility,and time series of the digital IC.TID experiments were conducted using a CMOS non-inverting multiplexer,NC7SZ157,and the results were compared with the simulation results,which showed that the relative errors were less than 2%at each dose point.This confirms the practicality and accuracy of the proposed modeling method.The TID effect model for digital ICs developed using this modeling technique includes both the logical function of the IC and changes in electrical properties and functional degradation impacted by TID,which has potential applications in the design of radiation-hardening tolerance in digital ICs.

关键词： CMOS digital-integrated circuit Total ionizing dose IBIS model Behavior-physical hybrid model Physical parameters

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