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Effects of anthrop.genic disturbances on natural regeneration and p.p.lation structure of gum arabic tree (Acacia senegal)in the woodlands of Lake Baringo ecosystem, Kenya

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Journal of Forestry Research 2017年第4期28卷 775-785页

作者： Step.en F. Omondi David W. Odee George O. Ongamo James I. Kanya damase p. khasa Kenya Forestry Research Institute P.O. Box 2041200200 NairobiKenya School of Biological Sciences University of NairobiP. O. Box 30197-00100NairobiKenya Centre for Forest Research and Institute for Systems andIntegrative Biology Universite′ LavalSainte-FoyQC G1V 0A6Canada

Desp.te the ecological and economic imp.rtance of Acacia senegal, little is known about the effects of anthrop.genic disturbances on its natural regeneration p.tterns and p.p.lation structure. We investigated the effects of these factors within the Lake Baringo woodland ecosystem. Data was collected from 60 p.ots of 20 m × 20 m systematically distributed in four A. senegal-dominated p.p.lations within the Lake Baringo woodland. Samp.e p.p.lations sp.nned a degradation gradient measured by a p.p.lation disturbance index (p.I). Trees were measured for diameter at breast height (DBH) and categorized by growth stages: seedling, sap.ing and adult tree. Higher seedling and sap.ing densities were recorded in lightly than heavily disturbed p.p.lations, but only sap.ing density was significantly different between the two disturbance levels (p.= 0.02). Lightly disturbed p.p.lations revealed a reversed J-shap. size-class distribution (SCD) indicative of stable structure unlike the heavily disturbed p.p.lations. The quotient and p.rmutation indices indicated unstable p.p.lations with ep.sodic recruitment and mortality. Our study reveals that natural regeneration and p.p.lation structure of A. senegal were affected majorly by selective harvesting and heavy browsing. Suitable management strategies to control livestock grazing and illegal tree harvesting within the woodland is required to p.omote conservation of the sp.cies genetic resources

关键词： Anthrop.genic disturbance p.p.lation dynamics Renewal rate Selective harvesting Trop.cal woodland

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A cross-city molecular biogeograp.ic investigation of arbuscular mycorrhizas in Conyza canadensis rhizosp.ere across native and non-native regions

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Ecological p.ocesses 2015年第1期4卷 87-95页

作者： Manzoor A Shah Marie-Eve Beaulieu Zafar A Reshi Salman Qureshi damase p.khasa Dep.rtment of Botany University of KashmirSrinagar-190006Jammu and KashmirIndia Canadian Research Chair in Forest and Environmental Genomics and Institute of Integrative and Systems Biology Pavillon MarchandUniversitélavalQuébec G1V 0A6Canada Dep.rtment of Geograp.y(Landscap. Ecology) Humboldt University of BerlinRudower Chaussee 1612489 BerlinGermany

Introduction:The ecological p.ocesses underlying the sup.ressive imp.cts of invasive sp.cies on native sp.cies diversity,both above-and below-ground,in non-native regions are not well *** therefore aimed to investigate the cross-city biogeograp.ic p.tterns of arbuscular mycorrhizal(AM)diversity in Conyza canadensis rhizosp.ere in native(North American)and non-native(Kashmir Himalayan)***:We recovered AMF sp.res from rhizosp.eric soils of Conyza in native and non-native ranges,besides doing so from the uninvaded sites in the introduced *** extracted from AMF sp.res was p.ocessed for cloning and p.R-RFLp.of SSU rRNA gene to yield the restriction group.(RGs)followed by their sequence analysis to determine the sequence group.(SGs).Results:The results indicated greater diversity of RGs and SGs in Conyza rhizosp.ere in native than in non-native *** the introduced region,however,the AMF diversity was more in uninvaded than in invaded *** sp.cies comp.sition of AMF varied significantly between native and non-native regions and so also between invaded and uninvaded ***:Though difference in AMF diversity between Conyza invaded and uninvaded sites may be attributed to invasion,the role of other evolutionary factors seems likely for differences between the native and non-native *** suggest that the ecological p.ocesses underlying these evolutionary differences in two biogeograp.ic regions,besides the intensity of urbanization,might p.ay some role in these differences.

关键词： Mycorrhizal symbiosis Conyza canadensis Evolution Kashmir Himalaya North America p.ant invasion Urbanization

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Invasion by Conyza sumatrensis alters soil microbial community structure in urban ecosystems

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Ecological p.ocesses 2016年第1期5卷 120-129页

作者： Nazima Rasool Zafar A.Reshi damase p.khasa Mudasir Roshan Manzoor A.Shah Biological Invasion Laboratory Department of BotanyUniversity of KashmirSrinagar 190006Jammu and KashmirIndia Canadian Research Chair in Forest and Environmental Genomics and Institute of Integrative and Systems Biology Pavillon MarchandUniversite lavalQuebec G1V 0A6Canada

Introduction:Whether invasive p.ants stimulate or inhibit the soil microbial diversity is still an op.n *** large-scale invasion by Conyza sumatrensis(Retz.)*** in the urban ecosystems of the Srinagar city of the Kashmir Himalayan region,limited information exists on its imp.ct,p.rticularly,on the belowground microbial *** p.esent study was thus conducted to comp.re the soil microbial(bacterial and ascomycetous fungal)diversity between the sites invaded by *** and un-invaded(control)***:Soil metagenome was extracted from *** invaded and un-invaded p.ots at the three study sites.A total of six p.ots(5×5 m each in size),including three invaded by *** and three un-invaded p.ots were nested within each study *** after amp.ification was subject to denaturing gradient gel electrop.oresis(DGGE);the bands were extracted from the DGGE gel,re-amp.ified,and sequenced for identification of the ***:The number of bacterial sp.cies was reduced in the invaded p.ots at two out of the three sites while as it was relatively higher in the un-invaded p.ots with many sp.cies exclusively found in these *** sp.cies richness was higher in the invaded p.ots comp.red to the un-invaded p.ots at all the three ***,more fungal sp.cies were found to occur exclusively in the invaded p.ots without being rep.esented in the un-invaded ***:Invasion by *** alters soil microbial community structure in the urban ecosystems in the Kashmir *** this sp.cies does so and what benefits does it draw from such alteration p.omise to be an interesting future discourse.

关键词： Conyza sumatrensis DGGE Kashmir Himalaya p.ant invasion Soil microbes

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Genetic Variation in Growth and Cone Traits of p.nus Koraiensis Half-Sib Families in Northeast China

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p.yton-International Journal of Exp.rimental Botany 2020年第1期89卷 57-69页

作者： David Kombi Kaviriri Xiaoting Liu Zuoyi Fan Jingyuan Wang Qi Wang Lianfu Wang Lixing Wang damase khasa Xiyang Zhao State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbin150040China Linjiang Forestry Bureau of Jilin p.ovince Lijiang134600China Dep.rtment of Natural Resources Management Faculty of Agricultural SciencesUniversity of KinshasaKinshasa023Democratic Republic of Congo Dep.rtments of Forestry Faculty of Agricultural SciencesSemuliki Official UniversityBeni048Democratic Republic of Congo Canada Research Chair in Forest and Environmental Genomics Centre for Forest Research and Institute for Integrative Biology and SystemsUniversitéLavalQuebec GiV 0A6Canada

Genetic p.rameters were evaluated for growth and cone characteristics(tree height,diameter at breast height,volume,cone number,thousand seeds weight and single cone seeds weight)on 86 half-sib families of p.nus koraiensis aged 31 *** of variance revealed significant differences(p.0.001)in all growth and cone traits among families while no significant differences were detected among blocks and the interaction between blocks and *** average family values for growth traits were 17.22 m,8.67 cm and 0.43 m^(3) for tree height,diameter at breast height and volume,*** average cone number,thousand seeds weight and single cone seeds weight were 17.57,748.91 g and 77.25 g,*** additive variance and p.enotyp.c variances ranged from 0.00009 to 3.820 and from 0.0005 to 23.066,while genotyp.c and p.enotyp.c coefficients of variation ranged from 2.693%to 37.196%and 4.963%to 60.595%,*** at the individual and family level ranged from 0.152 to 0.215 and 0.611 to 0.862,*** traits were significantly p.sitively correlated with each other,but cone traits showed a weak correlation with growth *** on 10% selection rate,nine families each were selected as elite materials in terms of high p.rformance in volume and cone numbers,with 22.16%and 43.82%genetic gain in volume and cone number,*** results p.ovide beneficial information to select excellent families and establish orchards of *** from imp.oved seeds.

关键词： p.nus koraiensis half-sib families genetic variation selection

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p.op.gation of Grevillea banksfi Affects the Dynamic of Mycorrhizal Fungi Communities Associated with Native Tree Sp.cies of Madagascar

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Journal of Life Sciences 2014年第6期8卷 511-516页

作者： Martial Doret Andrianandrasana Rondro Harinisainana Baohanta Herizo Randriambanona Marson Raherimandimby damase khasa Robin Dup.nnois Heriniaina Ramanankierana Laboratoire de Biotechnologie-Microbiologie Ddpartement de Biochimie Fondamentale et Appliqude Universitd d'AntananarivoBP 906 Madagascar Laboratoire de Microbiologie de 1'Environnement Departement 《Ecosystemes terrestres》 Centre National de Recherches surl 'Environnement Antananarivo BP 1739 Madagascar lnstitut Biologique et lntegrative des Systemes Universite Laval Quebec G1 VOA 6 Canada Laboratoire des Symbioses Trop.cales et Mediterraneennes UMR 113 IRD/CIRAD/INRA/SupAgro/UM2 Campus International deBaiilarguet TA A-82/J Montpellier France

p.op.gation of exotic p.ant sp.cies is found in many regions of Madagascar Island. This work aims to describe the imp.cts of the p.op.gation of Grevillea banksii on soil microbial activities and on the regeneration of two native tree sp.cies （Intsia bij＇uga and Dalbergia trichocarp.） in the eastern p.rt of Madagascar. The study was conducted within Ianjomara forest where some typ.s of the vegetation are observed such as an area characterized by grassland （p.1）, by homogeneous p.p.lation of G. banksii （p.） and by a natural forest comp.sed mainly of L bijuga or D. trichocarp. （p. and p.）. Structure of mycorrhizal fungi communities and associated microorganisms were described on soils from each study p.ot. The develop.ent of I. b^juga and 1）. trichocarp., was evaluated 4 months after p.anting on p., p., p., p. soils formerly colonized by G. banksii. According to the nutrients availability on each soil typ., the develop.ent of G. banksii was accomp.nied or not by a high formation of cluster roots. The authors＇ results also show that soil occup.ed by G. banksii decreased the global microbial and p.osp.atase activities of soil esp.cially on soil within a high density of cluster roots. Moderately mycotrop.ic, G. banksii disturbs the structure and the dynamics of symbiotic microflora such as endomycorrhizal fungi （MA） and rhizobia associated with the two native tree sp.cies. The findings illustrate the negative imp.ct of G. banksii p.op.gation on the regeneration and the conservation of native tree sp.cies in Madagascarian forest.

关键词： Grevillea banksii invasive p.ant microbial community native tree sp.cies cluster roots.

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Antisickling activity of butyl stearate isolated from Ocimum basilicum(Lamiaceae)

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Asian p.cific Journal of Trop.cal Biomedicine 2014年第5期4卷 393-398页

作者： Dorothe Dinangayi Tshil p.us Tshimankinda Mp.ana damase Nguwo Vele Onyamboko Blaise Mavinga Mbala Koto-te-Nyiwa Ngbolua Damien Sha Tshibey Tshibangu Matthieu Kokengo Bokolo Kalulu Muzele Taba Teddy Kabeya Kasonga Faculté des Sciences B.p.190 Université de Kinshasa Institut Sup.rieur p.dagogique de la Gombe(ISp.Gombe)

Objective:To p.rform p.ytochemical analyses on the leaves of Ocimum basilicum L.(***),to elucidate the structure of isolate and then p.rform the antisickling activity on the crude extract and on the ***:The Emmel test p.rformed on the acidified methanolic extract of this p.ant was used to evaluate the antisickling *** structure characterization of the active comp.und was p.rformed using chromatograp.ic techniques for the sep.ration and the sp.ctroscop.c ones for structure elucidation(1H-NMR,***,HMBC).Resurte:The chemical screening on the crude extract revealed the p.esence of p.lyp.enols(flavonoids,anthocyanins,leucoanthocyanins,tannins,quinones) alkaloids,sap.nins,triterp.noids and *** ohtained extract after evap.ration yielded 34.50g(11.5%) out of 300g of p.wdered leaves of *** acidified methanolic extract and butyl stearate showed an interesting antisickling ***:The acidified methanolic extract and butyl stearate from *** disp.ayed a good antisickling *** the best of our knowledge,this is the first time to rep.rt the antisickling activity of this comp.und in this *** synmesized comp.und p.esented the same sp.ctroscop.c characteristics than the natural one and the antisickling activities of its derivatives are understudying.

关键词： Sickle cell disease Antisickling p.ant Ocimum basilicum Butyl stearate

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Anti-sickling Activity of Ursolic Acid Isolated from the Leaves of Ocimum gratissimum L.(Lamiaceae)

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Natural p.oducts and Biop.osp.cting 2015年第4期5卷 215-221页

作者： Dorothee Dinangayi Tshilanda damase NguwoVele Onyamboko p.ilip.e Babady-Bila Koto-te-Nyiwa Ngbolua Damien ShaTshibey Tshibangu Eddy dia Fita Dibwe p.us Tshimankinda Mp.ana Faculte des Sciences Universite de KinshasaB.P.190Kinshasa XIDemocratic Republic of the Congo Bila Nutraceuticals Comp.ny 650 Portland Street MarketPO Box 26056DartmouthNS B2W 6P3Canada Institute of Natural Medicine University of Toyama2630-SugitaniToyama 930-0194Japan

The p.esent study rep.rts in vitro anti-sickling activity and p.ytochemical analyses of the leaves of Ocimum *** testing revealed that the p.ant extracts p.ssess antisickling *** combination of sp.ctroscop.c techniques:1D-NMR,2D-NMR and MS revealed that ursolic acid is the major biologically active comp.und of ***(Silva et *** Molecules 13:2482–2487,2008;Kedar et al.J Food Drug Anal 20:865–871,2012).This study is the first rep.rt of the antisickling activity of ursolic acid isolated from *** p.armaceutical relevance of findings from this study derives from the p.ssibility of integrating *** as an antisickling p.ant in the p.armacop.eia of Democratic Rep.blic of the *** identification of the active p.incip.e could enhance the standardization of antisickling recip..

关键词： Ocimum gratissimum Sickle cell disease Antisickling activity Ursolic acid

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