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Subtotal colectomy in ulcerative colitis—long term considerations for the rectal stump

World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2021年第2期13卷 198-209页

作者： Orla Hennessy laurence Egan Myles Joyce Department of Colorectal Surgery Galway University HospitalGalway H91RR2NIreland Department of Gastroenterology Galway University HospitalGalway H91RR2NIreland

BACKGROUND The initial operation of choice in many patients presenting as an emergency with ulcerative colitis is a subtotal colectomy with end ileostomy.A percentage of patients do not proceed to completion proctectomy with ileal pouch anal *** To review the existing literature in relation to the significant long-term complications associated with the rectal stump,to provide an overview of options for the surgical management of remnant rectum and anal canal and to form a consolidated guideline on endoscopic screening recommendations in this *** A systematic review was carried out in accordance with PRISMA guidelines for papers containing recommendations for endoscopy surveillance in rectal remnants in ulcerative colitis.A secondary narrative review was carried out exploring the medical and surgical management options for the retained *** For rectal stump surveillance guidelines,20%recommended an interval of 6 mo to a year,50%recommended yearly surveillance 10%recommended 2 yearly surveillance and the remaining 30%recommended risk stratification of patients and different screening intervals based on *** studies agreed surveillance should be carried out via endoscopy and *** vigilance is needed in endoscopy in these *** review revealed a number of options for surgical management of the remnant *** The retained rectal stump needs to be surveyed endoscopically according to risk *** care must be taken to avoid rectal perforation and pelvic sepsis at time of *** completion proctectomy is indicated the authors favour removal of the anal canal using an intersphincteric dissection technique.

关键词： Stump Ulcerative colitis Surveillance Endoscopy Rectal Screening

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Policy options for Agriculture Green Development by farmers in China

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2020年第1期7卷 90-97页

作者： laurence E.D.SMITH Centre for Development Environment and PolicySOAS University of LondonLondonWC1H OXGUK

Farmers are the key agents who manage land and *** Green Development(AGD)requires a transformation in farming from high resource consumption and environmental cost to sustainable intensification with high productivity,high resource use efficiency and low environmental *** paper analyzes the public policy challenge of AGD and makes the case for a location-sensitive policy mix made up of regulation,advice provision,voluntarism and targeted *** public agricultural extension service in China is a key resource,but one that requires reorientation and reform with the aim of better balancing high farm productivity with environmental protection.

关键词： agriculture environment development incentives policy regulation

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Moco biosynthesis and the ATAC acetyltransferase engage translation initiation by inhibiting latent PKR activity

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分子细胞生物学报:英文版 2016年第1期8卷 44-50页

作者： Tamaki Suganuma Selene KSwanson laurence Florens Michael PWashburn Jerry LWorkman Stowers Institute for Medical Research 1000 East 50th StreetKansas CityMO 64110USA Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine The University of Kansas Medical Center3901 Rainbow BoulevardKansas CityKS 66160USA

Molybdenum cofactor(Moco)biosynthesis is linked to c-Jun N-terminal kinase(JNK)signaling in Drosophila through MoaE,a molybdopterin(MPT)synthase subunit that is also acomponent of theAdaTwoAcontaining(ATAC)***,weshow thathumanMPTsynthase and ATAC inhibited PKR,a double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase,to facilitate translation initiation of iron-responsive *** synthase and ATAC directly interacted with PKR and suppressed latent autophosphorylation of PKR and its downstream phosphorylation of JNK and eukaryotic initiation factor 2a(eIF2a).The suppression of eIF2a phosphorylation via MPT synthase and ATAC prevented sequestration of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor eIF2B,which recycles eIF2-GDP to eIF2-GTP,resulting in the promotion of translation ***,translation of the iron storage protein,ferritin,was reduced in the absence of MPT synthase or ATAC ***,MPT synthase and ATAC regulate latent PKR signaling and link transcription and translation initiation.

关键词： ATAC Moco biosynthesis MPT synthase PKR

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Impact of venous thromboembolism on the natural history of pancreatic adenocarcinoma

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2015年第4期14卷 436-442页

作者： Mehdi Oua?ssi Cécilia Frasconi Diane Mege laurence Panicot-dubois laurence Boiron Laetitia Dahan Philippe Debourdeau Christophe Dubois Dominique Farge Igor Sielezneff Departments of Digestive Surgery Timone Hospital Aix-Marseille University Atelier Proven?ale d'Ecriture Médicale Faculté de Médecine de Marseille Groupe Francophone Thrombose et Cancer H?pital ST Louis 1 avenue Claude VellefauxParis France INSERM UMR-1076 Faculty of Pharmacy Aix-Marseille University Departments of Oncology Timone Hospital Aix-Marseille University Department of Hematology Hospital Sainte Catherine INSERM UMR-1160 Internal Medicine and Vascular Unit Assistance PubliqueH?pitaux de Paris

Few studies have analyzed the effect of ve- nous thromboembolism （VTE） events on the prognosis of pancreatic cancer, but their results were conflicting. The pres- ent study was undertaken to determine the effect of VTE on pancreatic adenocarcinoma （PA） outcomes. METHODS： All consecutive patients diagnosed with PA from May 2004 to January 2012 in a single oncology center were retrospectively studied. Clinical, radiological and histologi- cal data at time of diagnosis or within the first 3 months after surgery, including the presence （＋） or absence （-） of VTE were collected. VTE was defined as radiological evidence of either pulmonary embolism （PE）, deep venous thrombosis without infection or catheter-related thrombosis. PA with and without PE was compared for survival using the Kaplan-Meier method to estimate overall survival. RESULTS： Among 162 PA patients with a median follow-up of 15 （3-92） months after diagnosis, 28 demonstratedVTE （＋）. PA patients with and without PE were similar for age, American Society of Anesthesiologist score, body mass index, and histo- ry of treatment. The distribution of cancer stages was similarbetween the two groups VTE （＋） and VTE （-）. The median du- ration of survival was significantly worse in the VTE （＋） group vs VTE （-）（12 vs 18 months, P=0.010）. In multivariate analysis, the presence of VTE and surgical treatment were independent prognostic factors for overall survival. CONCLUSION： VTE （＋） at time of diagnosis or within the first 3 months after surgery during treatment is an indepen- dent factor of poor prognosis in PA.

关键词： pancreatic carcinoma thromboembolism survival

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AN APPLICATION OF FOKKER-PLANCK EQUATION TO JOSEPHSON JUNCTION

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 1989年第1期9卷 109-120页

作者： G.Liao A.F.laurence A.T.Abawi Department of Mathematics University of Utah Salt Lake City UT 84112Center for Molecular Electronics Carnegie-Mellon University Pittsburg PA 15213Department of Physics University of California San Diego La Jolla CA 92093

A long Josephson junction can be modeled by a perturbed sine-Gordon equation. Based on a soliton perturbation theory, the probability distribution of the velocity of a single soliton, at the presence of a white noise contained in bias current, is studied by the Fokker-Planck method. This approach can be extended to the study of multisolitons.

关键词： Josephson junction Fokker-Planck equation

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Persistence and growth of faecal culturable bacterial indicators in water column and sediments of Vidy Bay,Lake Geneva,Switzerland

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2009年第1期21卷 62-69页

作者： POTE John HALLER laurence KOTTELAT Régis SASTRE Vincent ARPAGAUS Philippe WILDI Walter University of Geneva F.-A. Forel Institute10 route de Suisse1290 VersoixSwitzerland

The aims of this study was to investigate the persistence and the growth of culturable bacterial indicators （CBI） including total coliforms （TC） and faecal coliforms represented by Escherichia coli, enterococcus （ENT）, and aerobic mesophilic bacteria （AMB） in the surface sediments and the water column of Vidy Bay fLake Geneva, City of Lausanne, Switzerland）. The study was carded out for 60 d using microcosms containing Sewage Treatment Plant （STP） effluent and nonsterile water without CBI, as well as contaminated and non-contaminated sediments. The effects of water temperature and of organic matter associated with sediments on the survival of CBI in the sediments and the water column were observed. The number of CBI colonies in the contaminated sediments of Vidy Bay and in the STP effluent was almost identical in the order of 10^5-10^7, 10^4-10^6, 10^5-10^5, and 10^4-10^7 CFU/100 g sediment or/100 mL water for TC, E. coli, ENT, and AMB respectively. A degradation of CBI was observed in the sediments where organic mater content was low and in the water column at a temperature of 10℃ after 5 d of experimentation. In addition, a growth of CBI was observed in the sediment which is rich in organic matter at 20℃. The results of this study indicate：（1） the higher concentrations of the CBI observed in different points in the water column of Vidy Bay may not be explained only by the recent contribution of the three potential sources of the Bay contamination including STP and the Chamberonne and Flon Rivers, but also by the persistence, removal from sediment and multiplication of CBI in the sediment and water column; （2） the sediment of Vidy Bay constitute a reservoir of CBI and can even support their growth; and （3） the CBI not only survive in sediments, but also can be remobilized and increased in the water column, therefore, it become a permanent microbiological pollution in Vidy Bay.

关键词： Lake Geneva faecal pollution persistence multiplication human health risk

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Cortical Mechanisms of Vision

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2009年

作者： Michael Jenkin laurence Harris

ISBN: (纸本)9780521889612

The advent of sensors capable of localizing portions of the brain involved in specific computations has provided significant insights into normal visual information processing and specific neurological conditions. Aided by devices such as fMRI, researchers are now able to construct highly detailed models of how the brain processes specific patterns of visual information. This book brings together some of the strongest thinkers in this field, to explore cortical visual information processing and its underlying mechanisms. It is an excellent resource for vision researchers with both biological and computational backgrounds, and is an essential guide for graduate students just starting out in the field.

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Peripheral nerve regeneration and intraneural revascularization

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Neural Regeneration Research 2019年第1期14卷 24-33页

作者： Martial Caillaud laurence Richard Jean-Michel Vallat Alexis Desmoulière Fabrice Billet University of Limoges Myelin Maintenance and Peripheral Neuropathies Faculties of Medicine and Pharmacy University Hospital of Limoges Department of Neurology "Reference Center for Rare Peripheral Neuropathies" Department of Neurology

Peripheral nerves are particularly vulnerable to injuries and are involved in numerous pathologies for which specific treatments are lacking. This review summarizes the pathophysiological features of the most common traumatic nerve injury in humans and the different animal models used in nerve regeneration studies. ~Ihe current knowledge concerning Wallerian degeneration and nerve regrowth is then described. Finally, the involvement of intraneural vascularization in these processes is addressed. As intraneural vascularization has been poorly studied, histological experiments were carried out from rat sciatic nerves damaged by a glycerol injection. The results, taken together with the data from literature, suggest that revascularization plays an important role in peripheral nerve regeneration and must therefore be studied more carefully.

关键词： compression crush transection Sunderland's classification Wallerian degeneration angiogenesis traumatic glycerol

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Nanotechnology for the management of COVID-19 during the pandemic and in the post-pandemic era

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National Science Review 2022年第10期9卷 230-242页

作者： Chun Xu Chang Lei Sepanta Hosseinpour Saso Ivanovski laurence J.Walsh Ali Khademhosseini School of Dentistry The University of Queensland Centre for Orofacial Regeneration Reconstruction and Rehabilitation (COR3) School of Dentistry The University of Queensland Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology The University of Queensland Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation

Following the global COVID-19 pandemic,nanotechnology has been at the forefront of research efforts and enables the fast development of diagnostic tools,vaccines and antiviral treatment for this novel virus(SARS-CoV-2).In this review,we first summarize nanotechnology with regard to the detection of SARS-C oV-2,including nanoparticle-based techniques such as rapid antigen testing,and nanopore-based se quencing and sensing *** we investigate nanote chnology as it applies to the development of COVID-19 vaccines and anti-SARS-CoV-2 *** also highlight nanotechnology for the post-pandemic era,by providing tools for the battle with SARS-C oV-2 variants and for enhancing the global distribution of *** not only contributes to the management of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic but also provides platforms for the prevention,rapid diagnosis,vaccines and antiviral drugs of possible future virus outbreaks.

关键词： COVID-19 nanotechnology SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis vaccines

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Containment measures for emerging and re-emerging vector-borne and other infectious diseases of poverty in urban settings:a scoping review

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2018年第1期7卷 976-991页

作者： laurence Campeau Stephanie Degroote Valery Ridde Mabel Carabali Kate Zinszer University of Montreal Public Health Research Institute(IRSPUM) MontrealQuebecCanada French Institute For Research on sustainable Development(IRD) IRD-Paris Descartes University(CEPED)Paris Sorbonne Cites UniversityErl Inserm SagesudParisFrance McGill University MontrealQuebecCanada

Background:The emergence and re-emergence of vector-borne and other infectious diseases of poverty pose a threat to the health of populations living in urban and low-income settings.A detailed understanding of intervention strategies,including effectiveness of past outbreak containment,is necessary to improve future *** objective was to determine what is known about the effectiveness of containment measures for emerging and re-emerging vector-borne and other infectious diseases of poverty in urban settings and identify research gaps and implications for public health *** body:We conducted a scoping review and systematically searched peer-reviewed and grey literature published between 2000 and *** data extraction tools were used for data coding and extraction,and data on implementation process and transferability were extracted from all studies.A quality assessment was conducted for each included *** screened 205 full-text articles and reports for a total of 31 articles included in the *** quality of the studies was generally low to *** largest body of evidence concerned control activities for Ebola virus and dengue *** majority of interventions(87%)relied on multiple types of measures,which were grouped into four categories:1)healthcare provision;2)epidemiological investigation and/or surveillance;3)environmental or sanitary interventions;and 4)community-based *** quality of the majority of studies(90%)was poor or moderate,and one-third of the studies did not provide a clear description of the outcomes and of the procedures and/or tools used for the ***:Our results highlight the difficulty of establishing causation when assessing the effect of containment *** that extend beyond solely reporting on effectiveness and take into account the complexity of real-world settings are urgently *** recommend the allocation of research efforts to the evaluation of the

关键词： Vector-borne diseases Containment measures Interventions Urban health Scoping review

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