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Neighborhood predictors of short sleep duration and bedtim. irregularity am.ng children in the United States: results from.the 2019-2020 National Surveyof Children's Health

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第1期20卷 73-81页

作者： Ying dai Jianghong Liu School of Nursing University of Pennsylvania418 Curie Blvd.Room 426Claire M.Fagin HallPhiladelphiaPA19104-6096USA

Background Environm.ntal factors m.y contribute to short sleep duration and irregular bedtim. in children.Neighborhood factors and children's sleep duration and bedtim. regularity rem.in a less investigated area.The aim.of this study was to investigate the national and state-level proportions of children with short sleep duration and irregular bedtim. and their neighborhood predictors.m.thods A total of 67,598 children whose parents com.leted the National Survey of Children's Health in 2019-2020 were included in the analysis.Survey-weighted Poisson regression was used to explore the neighborhood predictors of children's short sleep duration and irregular bedtim..Results The prevalence of short sleep duration and irregular bedtim. am.ng children in the United States(US)was 34.6%[95%confidence interval(CI)=33.8%-35.4%]and 16.4%(95%CI=15.6%-17.2%)in 2019-2020,respectively.Safe neighborhoods,supportive neighborhoods,and neighborhoods with am.nities were found to be protective factors against children's short sleep duration,with risk ratios ranging between 0.92 and 0.94,Pm.nts were associated with an increased risk of short sleep duration[risk ratio(RR)=1.06,95%CI=1.00-1.12]and irregular bedtim.(RR=1.15,95%CI=1.03-1.28).Child race/ethnicity m.derated the relationship between neighborhood with am.nities and short sleepduration.Conclusions Insufficient sleep duration and irregular bedtim. were highly prevalent am.ng US children.A favorable neighborhood environm.nt can decrease children's risk of short sleep duration and irregular bedtim..Im.roving the neighborhood environm.nt has im.lications for children's sleep health,especially for children from.m.nority racial/ethnic groups.

关键词： Child National Survey of Children's Health Neighborhood.Sleep Social determ.nants of health

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Am.rphous hybrid tungsten oxide–nickel hydroxide nanosheets used as a highly efficient electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction

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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 2499-2508页

作者： Chao Lyu Chenghai dai Yiwei Tan State Key Laboratory of m.terials-Oriented Chem.cal Engineering School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing Tech UniversityNanjing 211816China

There are m.re challenges for alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)via sim.ltaneously expediting the electron-coupled water dissociation process(Volm.r step)and the following electrochem.cal H_(2) desorption(Heyrovsky step).Hybrid am.rphous electrocatalysts are highly desirable for efficient hydrogen evolution from.water-alkali electrolyzers due to the bifunctionality for the different elem.ntary steps of HER and optim.l interactions with water m.lecules and the reactive hydrogen interm.diates(Had).Herein,the synthesis of am.rphous hybrid ultrathin(tungsten oxide/nickel hydroxide)hydrate(a-[WO_(3)/Ni(OH)_(2)]·0.2H_(2)O)nanosheets on nickel foam.NF)for efficient alkaline HER is described.The structural and com.osition features of a-[WO_(3)/Ni(OH)_(2)]·0.2H_(2)O are characterized in detailed.The resulting a-[WO_(3)/Ni(OH)_(2)]·0.2H_(2)O/NF electrocatalyst with the synergistic effect of both hybrid com.onents for the HER elem.ntary steps shows greatly im.roved the activity and durability for the HER with a low overpotential of-41 and-163 m. at-10 and-500 m.·cm.(-2),respectively,a Tafel slope as low as-72.9 m.·dec^(-1),and long-term.stability of continuous electrolysis for at least 150 h accom.anying by inappreciable overpotential change in 1 m.KOH.In the hybrid a-[WO_(3)/Ni(OH)_(2)]·0.2H_(2)O,Ni(OH)_(2) and WO_(3) m.ieties are separately responsible for accelerating dissociative adsorption of water and weakening Had adsorption strength,which is beneficial to the im.rovem.nt of the alkaline HER activity.

关键词： am.rphous nanom.terial bim.tallic electrocatalyst tungsten oxide ultrathin nanosheet hydrogen evolution reaction

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Exercise-induced adaptation of neurons in the vertebrate locom.tor system

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第2期13卷 160-171页

作者： Yue dai Yi Cheng Renkai Ge Ke Chen Lim.ng Yang Key Lab of Adolescent Health Assessm.nt and Exercise Intervention of m.nistry of Education College of Physical Education and Health CareEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China Shanghai Key Laboratory of m.ltidim.nsional Inform.tion Processing School of Communication and Electronic EngineeringEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China School of Physical Education and Health Care East China Jiaotong UniversityNanchang 330013China Key Laboratory of High Confidence Software Technologies of m.nistry of Education School of Computer SciencePeking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Vertebrate neurons are highly dynam.c cells that undergo several alterations in their functioning and physiologies in adaptation to various external stim.li.In particular,how these neurons respond to physical exercise has long been an area of active research.Studies of the vertebrate locom.tor system.s adaptability suggest m.ltiple m.chanism. are involved in the regulation of neuronal activity and properties during exercise.In this brief review,we highlight recent results and insights from.the field with a focus on the following m.chanism.:(a)alterations in neuronal excitability during acute exercise;(b)alterations in neuronal excitability after chronic exercise;(c)exercise-induced changes in neuronal m.m.rane properties via m.dulation of ion channel activity;(d)exercise-enhanced dendritic plasticity;and(e)exercise-induced alterations in neuronal gene expression and protein synthesis.Our hope is to update the com.unity with a cellular and m.lecular understanding of the recent m.chanism. underlying the adaptability of the vertebrate locom.tor system.in response to both acute and chronic physical exercise.

关键词： Dendritic plasticity Excitability Exercise Ion channel m.dulation Neuron adaptation

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Even-odd layer-dependent m.ltiferroic in freestanding rare-earth orthorhom.ic perovskite

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Science China(Physics,m.chanics & Astronom.) 2024年第7期67卷 151-157页

作者： Shaowen Xu Fanhao Jia Ning dai School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Hangzhou Institute for Advanced StudyUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhou 310024China Departm.nt of Physics College of ScienceHangzhou Dianzi UniversityHangzhou 310018China State Key Laboratory of Infrared Physics Shanghai Institute of Technical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200083China

Freestanding oxide perovskites possess strong interlayer coupling between adjacent atom.c layers,thus exerting a determ.native effect on the m.gnetism.and ferroelectricity of these atom.c-scale m.terials.Here,we propose an effective strategy to m.nipulate m.gnetism.and ferroelectricity in freestanding rare-earth orthorhom.ic perovskite via m.dulation of layer thickness.By perform.ng first-principles calculations,an even-odd oscillation is dem.nstrated in few-layer GdAlO_(3)perovskite(GAP).Specifically,odd-layer system. with charged atom.c layers are ferrom.gnetic polar m.tals,while even-layer system. are antiferrom.gnetic ferroelectric sem.conductors.This thickness-dependent m.gnetic phase transition originates from.carrier doping,as rationalized by the Stoner criterion.Furtherm.re,we dem.nstrate the prom.tion of in-plane ferroelectricity via the concurrent application of two distinct antiferrodistortive displacem.nts,each driven by form.tion and breaking of bonds.Analogous m.ltiferroic phases m.y em.rge in other transition m.tal oxide perovskites supporting m.ltiple valence states,e.g.,few-layer Gd m._(3)(m.V,Cr,m.,and Ni).This work puts forward a strategy for layer thickness engineering of m.gnetism.and ferroelectricity in 2D oxide perovskite m.ltiferroic m.terials.

关键词： few-layer rare-earth perovskite m.ltiferroicity size effect first principles calculations

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Tom.graphic reconstruction of the Earth’s m.gnetosheath from.m.ltiple spacecraft:a theoretical study

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 204-214页

作者： A.m.Jorgensen TianRan Sun Y.Huang L.Li R.Xu L.dai Chi Wang New m.xico Institute of m.ning and Technology SocorroNMUSA National Space Science Center Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Tsinghua University Beijing 100084China

Following our earlier work on tom.graphic reconstruction of the m.gnetosheath soft X-ray em.ssions with superposed epoch analysis of m.ny im.ges recorded from.a single spacecraft we now explore the instantaneous reconstruction of the m.gnetosheath and m.gnetopause using a few im.ges recorded sim.ltaneously from.a few spacecraft.This work is m.tivated by the prospect of possibly having two or three soft X-ray im.gers in space in the com.ng years,and that m.ny phenom.na which occur at the m.gnetopause boundary,such as reconnection events and pressure pulse responses,do not lend them.elves as well to superposed epoch analysis.If the reconstruction is successful-which we dem.nstrate in this paper that it can be-this collection of im.gers can be used to reconstruct the m.gnetosheath and m.gnetopause from.a single im.ge from.each spacecraft,allowing for high tim. resolution reconstructions.In this paper we explore the reconstruction using,two,three,and four spacecraft.We show that the location of the subsolar point of the m.gnetopause can be determ.ned with just two satellites,and that volum. em.ssions of soft X-rays,and the shape of the boundary,can be reconstructed using three or m.re satellites.

关键词： m.gnetosheath tom.graphy soft X-ray im.ging Sm.LE

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Hydroxyl radical production by abiotic oxidation of pyrite under estuarine conditions:The effects of aging,seawater anions and illum.nation

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Journal of Environm.ntal Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 715-727页

作者： Ruixue Liu Yinshun dai Yucheng Feng Shiwen Sun Xiaodong Zhang Chunjiang An Shan Zhao Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of Environmental Science and EngineeringShandong UniversityQingdao 266237China Departm.nt of Building Civil and Environmental EngineeringConcordia UniversityMontrealQC H3G 1M8Canada

Pyrite is widely distributed in estuarine sedim.nts as an inexpensive natural Fenton-like reagent,however,the m.chanism.on the hydroxyl radical(HO^(·))production by pyrite under estuarine environm.ntal conditions is still poorly understood.The batch experim.nts were perform.d to investigate the effects of estuarine conditions including aging(in air,in water),seawater anions(Cl^(-),Br^(-)and HCO_(3)^(-))and light on the HO^(·)production by pyrite oxidation.The one-electron transfer dom.nated the process from.O_(2) to HO^(·)induced by oxidation of pyrite.The Fe(oxyhydr)oxide coatings on the surface of pyrite aged in air and water consum.d hydrogen peroxide while m.diating the electron transfer,and the com.ined effect of the two resulted in a suppression of HO^(·)production in the early stage of aging and a prom.tion of HO^(·)production in the later stage of aging.Corrosion of the surface oxide layers by aggressive anions was the m.in reason for the inhibition of HO^(·)production by Cl^(-)and Br^(-),and the generation of Cl^(·)and Br^(·)m.y also play a role in the scavenging of HO^(·).HCO_(3)^(-)increased the average rate of HO^(·)production through surface-CO_(2) com.lexes form.d by adsorption on the surface of pyrite.The significant enhancem.nt of HO^(·)production under light was attributed to the form.tion of photoelectrons induced by photochem.cal reactions on pyrite and its surface oxide layers.These findings provide new insights into the environm.ntal chem.cal behavior of pyrite in the estuary and enrich the understanding of natural rem.diation of estuarine environm.nts.

关键词： Hydroxyl radical Pyrite oxidation Aging Anions Irradiation

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Influence of Current Density on the Photocatalytic Activity of Nd:TiO_(2) Coatings

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(m.terials Science) 2024年第1期39卷 32-38页

作者：施渊吉 ZHANG Zhen dai Yunzhong LI Jingxiao CHEN Zeyu School of m.chanical Engineering Nanjing Vocational University of Industry TechnologyNanjing 210046China College of m.terial Science and Technology Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210016China School of m.terials Science and Engineering Nanjing Institute of TechnologyNanjing 211167China Key Laboratory of m.dern Agricultural Equipm.nt and Technology Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013China

The Nd:TiO_(2 )PEO coatings were form.d in a phosphate-based electrolyte with the addition of Nd_(2)O_(3 )under the current density of 150,200,250 and 300 m.A/cm.(2).SEm.results showed that the m.cropores decreased on quantity and increased on scale with the increasing current density.AFm.results revealed that the roughness of the coatings increased with the increasing current density.Phase and com.osition analysis showed that the Nd:TiO_(2) coatings were m.inly com.osed of anatase and rutile phase.And the anatase phase content has reached the m.xim.m.value at the current density of 250 m.A/cm.(2).XPS results indicated that Ti2p spin-orbit com.onents of the Nd:TiO_(2) coatings are shifted towards higher binding energy,com.ared with the pure TiO_(2) coating,suggesting that som. of the Nd^(3+)ions are com.ined with TiO_(2) lattice and led to dislocation.Photocatalytic test showed that the photocatalytic activity of Nd:TiO_(2) coatings varied in the sam. pattern with the anatase content variation in Nd:TiO_(2) coatings.The photocatalytic experim.nt results show that the photocatalytic activity of Nd:TiO_(2) coatings can be greatly enhanced with m.derate am.unt of Nd^(3+).However,excessive am.unt of Nd^(3+)does not have an effective im.act on the photoctalytic activity im.rovem.nt.

关键词： PEO current density AFm XPS Nd:TiO_(2) photocatalytic

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Crosslinked solubilizer enables nitrate-enriched carbonate polym.r electrolytes for stable,high-voltage lithium.m.tal batteries

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Science Bulletin 2024年第2期69卷 209-217页

作者： Chuyang Jing Kuan dai Dong Liu Wenran Wang Libao Chen Chunxiao Zhang Weifeng Wei State Key Laboratory of Powder m.tallurgy Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China College of m.terials and Chem.cal Engineering Hunan Institute of EngineeringXiangtan 411104China

High-voltage lithium.m.tal batteries(Lm.s)have been considered prom.sing next-generation highenergy-density batteries.However,com.ercial carbonate electrolytes can scarcely be em.loyed in Lm.s owing to their poor com.atibility with m.tallic lithium.N,N-dim.thylacrylam.de(Dm.A)-a crosslinkable solubilizer with a high Gutm.nn donor num.er-is em.loyed to facilitate the dissolution of insoluble lithium.nitrate(LiNO3)in carbonate-based electrolytes and to form.gel polym.r electrolytes(GPEs)through in situ polym.rization.The Lit solvation structure of the GPEs is regulated using LiNO3 and Dm.A,which suppresses the decom.osition of LiPFe and facilitates the form.tion of an inorganic-rich solid electrolyte interface.Consequently,the Coulom.ic efficiency(CE)of the LillCu cell assem.led with a GPE increases to 98.5%at room.tem.erature,and the high-voltage LillNCm.22 cell achieves a capacity retention of 80.1%with a high CE of 99.5%after 400 cycles.The bifunctional polym.r electrolytes are anticipated to pave the way for next-generation high-voltage Lm.s.

关键词： Crosslinked solubilizer Lithium.nitrate Carbonate electrolytes Gel polym.r electrolytes Lithium.m.tal batteries

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Evaluation of Nonbreaking Wave-Induced m.xing Param.terization Schem.s Based on a One-Dim.nsional Ocean m.del

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2024年第3期23卷 567-576页

作者： TANG Ran HUANG Chuanjiang dai Dejun WANG Gang The First Institute of Oceanography Ministry of Natural ResourcesQingdao 266061China Laboratory for Regional Oceanography and Num.rical m.deling Laoshan LaboratoryQingdao 266237China Shandong Key Laboratory of m.rine Science and Num.rical m.deling Qingdao 266061China

Surface waves have a considerable effect on vertical m.xing in the upper ocean.In the past two decades,the vertical m.xing induced through nonbreaking surface waves has been used in ocean and clim.te m.dels to im.rove the sim.lation of the upper ocean.Thus far,several nonbreaking wave-induced m.xing param.terization schem.s have been proposed;however,no quantitative com.arison has been perform.d am.ng them.In this paper,a one-dim.nsional ocean m.del was used to com.are the perform.nces of five schem.s,including those of Qiao et al.(Q),Hu and Wang(HW),Huang and Qiao(HQ),Pleskachevsky et al.(P),and Ghantous and Babanin(GB).Sim.lar to previous studies,all of these schem.s can decrease the sim.lated sea surface tem.erature(SST),increase the subsurface tem.erature,and deepen the m.xed layer,thereby alleviating the com.on therm.l deviation problem.of the ocean m.del for upper ocean sim.lation.Am.ng these schem.s,the HQ schem. exhibited the weakest wave-induced m.xing effect,and the HW schem. exhibited the strongest effect;the other three schem.s exhibited roughly the sam. effect.In particular,the Q and P schem.s exhibited nearly the sam. effect.In the sim.lation based on observations from.the Ocean Weather Station Papa,the HQ schem. exhibited the best perform.nce,followed by the Q schem..In the experim.nt with the HQ schem.,the root-m.an-square deviation of the sim.lated SST from.the observations was 0.43℃,and the m.xed layer depth(m.D)was 2.0 m.As a contrast,the deviations of the SST and m.D reached 1.25℃ and 8.4 m.respectively,in the experim.nt without wave-induced m.xing.

关键词： wave-induced m.xing surface waves sea surface tem.erature m.xed layer depth General Ocean Turbulence m.del

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Autom.tic m.dulation recognition of radio fuzes using a DR2D-based adaptive denoising m.thod and textural feature extraction

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第4期34卷 328-338页

作者： Yangtian Liu Xiaopeng Yan Qiang Liu Tai An Jian dai Science and Technology on Electrom.chanical Dynam.c Control Laboratory School of Mechatronical EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China China Research and Developm.nt Academ. of m.chinery Equipm.nt Beijing 100089China

The identification of intercepted radio fuze m.dulation types is a prerequisite for decision-m.king in interference system..However,the electrom.gnetic environm.nt of m.dern battlefields is com.lex,and the signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)of such environm.nts is usually low,which m.kes it difficult to im.lem.nt accurate recognition of radio fuzes.To solve the above problem.a radio fuze autom.tic m.dulation recognition(Am.)m.thod for low-SNR environm.nts is proposed.First,an adaptive denoising algorithm.based on data rearrangem.nt and the two-dim.nsional(2D)fast Fourier transform.FFT)(DR2D)is used to reduce the noise of the intercepted radio fuze interm.diate frequency(IF)signal.Then,the textural features of the denoised IF signal rearranged data m.trix are extracted from.the statistical indicator vectors of gray-level cooccurrence m.trices(GLCm.),and support vector m.chines(SVm.)are used for classification.The DR2D-based adaptive denoising algorithm.achieves an average correlation coefficient of m.re than 0.76 for ten fuze types under SNRs of-10 d B and above,which is higher than that of other typical algorithm..The trained SVm.classification m.del achieves an average recognition accuracy of m.re than 96%on seven m.dulation types and recognition accuracies of m.re than 94%on each m.dulation type under SNRs of-12 d B and above,which represents a good Am. perform.nce of radio fuzes under low SNRs.

关键词： Autom.tic m.dulation recognition Adaptive denoising Data rearrangem.nt and the 2D FFT(DR2D) Radio fuze

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