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统计历史:中国历史学自主知识体系建构中的若干思考

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史学理论研究 2024年第2期 43-49页

作者：付海晏华中师范大学中国近代史研究所

近年来建构中国历史学自主知识体系成为研究者高度关注的重大议题,并初步产生了较为丰硕的成果。梁启超在20世纪提出的历史统计学是近代中国自主知识体系建构中的重要标识性成果,也是当下重要的历史遗产。中国历代王朝较为重视统计工作... 详细信息

近年来建构中国历史学自主知识体系成为研究者高度关注的重大议题,并初步产生了较为丰硕的成果。梁启超在20世纪提出的历史统计学是近代中国自主知识体系建构中的重要标识性成果,也是当下重要的历史遗产。中国历代王朝较为重视统计工作,尤其是近代保留了很多统计史料。统计的内容与资料,正是中国历史学研究中的关键与核心问题,与国家治理等自主知识体系建构中的重大议题密切相关。如何发掘、利用、分析中国历史上的统计资料,是建构中国历史学自主知识体系的内容,也是其重要的方法与途径。

关键词：中国历史学历史学研究统计资料历史统计学标识性方法与途径知识体系建构梁启超

Thermosphere joint observations by TM-1 constellations and Swarm-B during the April 2023 geomagnetic storm

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第2期8卷 307-316页

作者： YongPing Li YueQiang Sun XianGuo Zhang JiangZhao Ai XiaoLiang Zheng Jia Li YuJie Wang BiBo Guo Feng Yan ShiLong wei XinChun Tang YuanYuan Cao National Space Science Center Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Beijing Key Laboratory of Space Environment Exploration Beijing 100190China Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Space Environment Situational Awareness Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Shenzhen Aerospace Dongfanghong Satellite LtdShenzhen 518057China

The response of thermosphere density to geomagnetic storms is a complicated physical ***-satellite joint observations at the same altitude but different local times(LTs)are important for understanding this process;however,until now such studies have hardly been *** this report,we analyze in detail the thermosphere mass density response at 510 km during the April 23−24,2023 geomagnetic storm using data derived from the TM-1(TianMu-1)satellite constellation and Swarm-B *** observations show that there were significant LT differences in the hemispheric asymmetry of the thermosphere mass density during the geomagnetic *** observed by satellite TM02 at nearly 11.3 and 23.3 LTs were larger in the northern hemisphere than in the *** TM04 dayside density observations appear to be almost symmetrical with respect to the equator,though southern hemisphere densities on the nightside were ***-B data exhibit near-symmetry between the *** addition,the mass density ratio results show that TM04 nightside observations,TM02 data,and Swarm-B data all clearly show stronger effects in the southern hemisphere,except for TM04 on the dayside,which suggest hemispheric *** South-North density enhancement differences in TM02 and TM04 on dayside can reach 130%,and Swarm-B data even achieve 180%*** the observations of all three satellites,large-scale traveling atmospheric disturbances(TADs)first appear at high latitudes and propagate to low latitudes,thereby disturbing the atmosphere above the equator and even into the opposite ***00 model simulations were also performed on this geomagnetic *** are absent in the NRLMSISE00 *** satellite data suggest that NRLMSISE00 significantly underestimates the magnitude of the density response of the thermosphere during geomagnetic storms,especially at high latitudes in both ***,use of the density simulation of NRLM

关键词： TM-1 constellation Swarm-B joint observations geomagnetic storm Local Times

Trogocytosis of CAR molecule regulates CAR-T cell dysfunction and tumor antigen escape

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第1期9卷 326-337页

作者： You Zhai Yicong Du Guanzhang Li Mingchen Yu Huimin Hu Changqing Pan Di Wang Zhongfang Shi Xu Yan Xuesong Li Tao Jiang wei Zhang Department of Molecular Neuropathology Beijing Neurosurgical InstituteCapital Medical UniversityBeijingPR China Department of Neurosurgery Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingPR China Department of Urology Peking University First HospitalInstitute of UrologyPeking UniversityNational Urological Cancer CenterBeijingPR China Department of Pathophysiology Beijing Neurosurgical InstituteCapital Medical UniversityBeijingPR China China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases BeijingPR China Center of Brain Tumor Beijing Institute for Brain DisordersBeijingPR China Research Unit of Accurate Diagnosis Treatmentand Translational Medicine of Brain TumorsChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingPR China Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas Network(CGGA)and Asian Glioma Genome Atlas Network(AGGA) BeijingPR China

Chimeric antigen receptor(CAR)T-cell therapy has demonstrated clinical response in treating both hematologic malignancies and solid *** instances of rapid tumor remissions have been observed in animal models and clinical trials,tumor relapses occur with multiple therapeutic resistance ***,while the mechanisms underlying the long-term therapeutic resistance are well-known,short-term adaptation remains less ***,more views shed light on short-term adaptation and hold that it provides an opportunity window for long-term *** this study,we explore a previously unreported mechanism in which tumor cells employ trogocytosis to acquire CAR molecules from CAR-T cells,a reversal of previously documented *** mechanism results in the depletion of CAR molecules and subsequent CAR-T cell dysfunction,also leading to short-term antigen loss and antigen *** type of intercellular communication is independent of CAR downstream signaling,CAR-T cell condition,target antigen,and tumor cell ***,it is mainly dependent on antigen density and CAR sensitivity,and is associated with tumor cell cholesterol *** mitigation of this trogocytosis-induced CAR molecule transfer can be achieved by adaptively administering CAR-T cells with antigen density-individualized CAR ***,our study reveals a dynamic process of CAR molecule transfer and refining the framework of clinical CAR-T therapy for solid tumors.

关键词： Together instance depletion

Quantum Gate Implementations in the Separated Ion-Traps by Fast Laser Pulses

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Chinese Physics Letters 2012年第8期29卷 12-15页

作者： ZHANG Miao wei Lian-fu Quantum Optoelectronics Laboratory School of Physics and TechnologySouthwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610031 State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies School of Physics and EngineeringSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275 State Key Laboratory of functional Materials for Informatics Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200050

An approach is proposed to implement the universal quantum gates between the ions confined individually in the separated *** of the typical adiabatic operations,performed for manipulating the ion-ion coupling,here the switchable couplings between ions are implemented non-adiabatically by using the fast laser ***,the desirable quantum gates between the ions could be implemented by using only a series of laser *** proposal may be conveniently generalized to the quantum computation with the scalable ion-traps.

关键词： quantum adiabatic coupling

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基于机器学习的演化多任务优化框架

计算机学报 2024年第1期47卷 29-51页

作者：麦伟杰刘伟莉钟竞辉华南理工大学计算机科学与工程学院广州510006 广东技术师范大学计算机科学学院广州510665

演化多任务优化是近年来计算智能领域的研究热点之一,其原理是通过任务间的知识转移提高演化算法同时求解多个任务的效率.由于任务间相似性对促进任务之间的正向知识转移具有重要的影响,因此,如何度量任务间的相似性成为了重点研究方向... 详细信息

演化多任务优化是近年来计算智能领域的研究热点之一,其原理是通过任务间的知识转移提高演化算法同时求解多个任务的效率.由于任务间相似性对促进任务之间的正向知识转移具有重要的影响,因此,如何度量任务间的相似性成为了重点研究方向之一.目前,演化多任务优化在处理两个任务时,辅助任务的选取仅限于两者之一,且在处理超多任务时对任务间知识的转移缺乏灵活性.为此,本文提出一个基于机器学习的演化多任务优化框架,命名为MaTML.该框架联合所有任务关联的子种群形成一个统一的初始化种群,利用目标任务的技能因子及其对应的种群个体分别构建标签和训练集,应用十折交叉法拟合模型,并运用模型预测与目标任务相似的个体以组成辅助种群,从而促进演化优化中的正向知识转移.本文提出的算法能够在动态的种群个体中找到目标任务的辅助种群,不仅可以为三个或以上的多任务优化灵活地选取相似辅助任务,而且解决了当任务数量为两个时有效地选择辅助任务的问题.通过与现阶段的多任务算法和超多任务算法分别在CEC2017问题测试集和WCCI2020SO问题测试集进行比较,实验结果证实MaTML在优化多任务问题时具有更优或竞争性的性能.此外,文中还详细研究了MaTML的计算资源、模型性能、模型稳定性以及相关组件.最后,本文还基于真实问题的测试进一步验证了MaTML的有效性.

关键词：演化多任务优化机器学习任务间相似性知识转移辅助任务

Dietary copper requirement of broilers fed a corn-soybean meal diet during 22—42 d of age

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 96-104页

作者： Ling Zhu wei Wu Bingxin Wu Yun Hu Liyang Zhang weiyun Zhang Tingting Li Xiaoyan Cui Feiyu Gao Ding Li Xugang Luo Shengchen Wang Poultry Mineral Nutrition Laboratory College of Animal Science and TechnologyYangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225000China Mineral Nutrition Research Division State Key Laboratory of Animal NutritionInstitute of Animal ScienceChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100193China

This research was to assess the dietary copper(Cu)requirement of broiler chickens fed a practical cornsoybean meal diet during 22—42 d of age.A total of 288 numbered Arbor Acres male broilers at 22 d of age were randomly allotted 6 treatments with 8 replicate cages(6 broilers per cage)per *** were fed a Cu-unsupplemented corn-soybean meal basal diet(control,containing 7.36 mg Cu/kg)or the basal diet added with 3,6,9,12,or 15 mg Cu/kg from CuSO_(4)·5H_(2)O for 21 ***,asymptotic and broken-line models were fitted and the best fitted models were selected to determine dietary Cu *** results revealed that the contents of Cu in serum and liver,m RNA expression levels of Cu-and zinc-containing superoxide dismutase(CuZnSOD)in liver and monoamine oxidase b(MAO B)in heart,as well as protein expression level of CuZnSOD in liver were affected(Pdard of Chicken.

关键词： Copper Copper content Gene expression of copper-containing enzyme Requirement Broiler

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Chromosome-level genome assembly of Oncomelania hupensis: the intermediate snail host of Schistosoma japonicum

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2024年第1期13卷 16-26页

作者： Qin Liu Lei Duan Yun-Hai Guo Li-Min Yang Yi Zhang Shi-Zhu Li Shan Lv wei Hu Nan-Sheng Chen Xiao-Nong Zhou National Institute of Parasitic Diseases at Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention(Chinese Centerfor Tropical Diseases Research) NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector BiologyWHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical DiseasesNational Center for International Research on Tropical DiseasesNational Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious DiseasesShanghai 200025People's Republic of China School of Global Health Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases ResearchShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200025People's Republic of China School of Life Science Fudan UniversityShanghai 200438People's Republic of China CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdaoShandong 266071People'sRepublicofChina

Background Schistosoma japonicum is a parasitic flatworm that causes human schistosomiasis, which is a significant cause of morbidity in China, the Philippines and *** hupensis (Gastropoda: Pomatiopsidae) is the unique intermediate host ofS. japonicum. A complete genome sequence ofO. hupensis will enable the fundamental understanding of snail biology as well as its co-evolution with theS. japonicum parasite. Assembling a high-quality reference genome ofO. hupehensis will provide data for further research on the snail biology and controlling the spread ofS. *** The draft genome was de novo assembly using the long-read sequencing technology (PacBio Sequel II) and corrected with Illumina sequencing data. Then, using Hi-C sequencing data, the genome was assembled at the chromosomal level. CAFE was used to do analysis of contraction and expansion of the gene family and CodeML module in PAML was used for positive selection analysis in protein coding *** A total length of 1.46 Gb high-qualityO. hupensis genome with 17 unique full-length chromosomes (2n = 34) of the individual including a contig N50 of 1.35 Mb and a scaffold N50 of 75.08 Mb. Additionally, 95.03% of these contig sequences were anchored in 17 chromosomes. After scanning the assembled genome, a total of 30,604 protein-coding genes were predicted. Among them, 86.67% were functionally annotated. further phylogenetic analysis revealed thatO. hupensis was separated from a common ancestor ofPomacea canaliculata andBellamya purificata approximately 170 million years ago. Comparing the genome ofO. hupensis with its most recent common ancestor, it showed 266 significantly expanded and 58 significantly contracted gene families (P functional enrichment of the expanded gene families indicated that they were mainly involved with intracellular, DNA-mediated transposition, DNA integration and transposase *** Integrated use of multiple sequencing technol

关键词： Schistosomiasis Schistosoma japonicum Oncomelania hupensis Chromosome-level genome

Review:Recent advances in multisensor multitarge11racking using random finite set

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Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2021年第1期22卷 5-24页

作者： Kai da Tiancheng LI Yongfeng ZHU Hongqi FAN Qiang fu The National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on ATR Nalional Universily of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China MOE Key Laboratory of Information fusion Technology School of AutomationNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an 710072China

In this study,we provide an overview of recent advances in multisensor multitarget tracking based on the random finite set(RFS)*** fusion that plays a fundamental role in multisensor filtering is classified into data-level multitarget measurement fusion and estimate-level multitarget density fusion,which share and fuse local measurements and posterior densities between sensors,*** properties of each fusion rule including the optimality and sub-optimality are *** particulax,two robust multitarget density-averaging approaches,arithmetic-and geometric-average fusion,are addressed in detail for various *** research topics and remaining challenges are highlighted.

关键词： Multitarget tracking Multisensor fusion Average fusion Random finite set Optimal fusion

Reaction of Crossed Diperoxidation Between Cyclic Ketones and Alkyl Ketones

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2002年第4期18卷 412-413页

作者： XU wei-liang fu Cheng-ling Organic Chemistry Group Huajiachi SectionZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310029P.R.China

The reaction of crossed diperoxidation between the cyclic ketones and the alkyl ketones was investigated. The reaction is a competing in different ketones. It is slightly favorable to resulting in crossed ketone diper... 详细信息

关键词： Synthesis Crossed diperoxidation Crossed ketone diperoxide