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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2311-2312页

作者： Krisztián Pajer Tamás Bellák Antal Nógrádi department of Anatomy Histology and EmbryologyAlbert Szent-Györgyi Medical SchoolUniversity of SzegedSzegedHungary

Spinal cord injury and treatment opportunities:The adult mammalian spinal cord has a very limited capacity for spontaneous regeneration due to various intrinsic molecular and cellular *** the spinal cord neurons have the capacity to regenerate their axons,the expression of growth inhibitory factors,lack or suppression of proper guidance cues,and profound inflammatory responses do not permit successful regeneration(Khyeam et al.,2021).

关键词： injured capacity modi.ied

Longitudi.al assessment of peripheral organ metabolism and the gut microbiota in an APP/PS1 transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer’s di.ease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第10期20卷 2982-2997页

作者： Hongli Li Jianhua Huang di.Zhao Lemei Zhu Zheyu Zhang Min Yi Weijun Peng department of Integrated Tradi.ional Chinese&Western Medi.ine The Second Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan ProvinceChina National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic di.eases ChangshaHunan ProvinceChina Hunan Academy of Chinese Medi.ine ChangshaHunan ProvinceChina Academician Workstation Changsha Medical UniversityChangshaHunan ProvinceChina

Alzheimer’s di.ease not only affects the brain,but also induces metabolic dysfunction in peripheral organs and alters the gut *** aim of this study was to investigate systemic changes that occur in Alzheimer’s di.ease,in particular the association between changes in peripheral organ metabolism,changes in gut microbial composition,and Alzheimer’s di.ease *** do this,we analyzed peripheral organ metabolism and the gut microbiota in amyloid precursor protein-presenilin 1(APP/PS1)transgenic and control mice at 3,6,9,and 12 months of ***-month-old APP/PS1 mice exhibited cognitive impairment,Alzheimer’s di.ease-related brain changes,di.tinctive metabolic di.turbances in peripheral organs and fecal samples(as detected by untargeted metabolomics sequencing),and substantial changes in gut microbial composition compared with younger APP/PS1 ***,a strong correlation emerged between the gut microbiota and kidney metabolism in APP/PS1 *** findi.gs suggest that alterations in peripheral organ metabolism and the gut microbiota are closely related to Alzheimer’s di.ease development,indi.ating potential new di.ections for therapeutic strategies.

关键词： Alzheimer’s di.ease APP/PS1 mice brain-kidney axis gut microbiota heart-brain axis liver-brain axis lung-brain axis microbiota-gut-brain axis peripheral organ metabolism spleen-brain axis

Nanoparticles for the treatment of spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1665-1680页

作者： Qiwei Yang di.Lu Jiuping Wu Fuming Liang Huayi Wang Junjie Yang Ganggang Zhang Chen Wang Yanlian Yang Ling Zhu Xinzhi Sun department of Orthopedi. Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenan ProvinceChina CAS Key Laboratory of Standardi.ation and Measurement for Nanotechnology CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and NanosafetyCAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceNational Center for Nanoscience and TechnologyBeijingChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences BeijingChina department of Neurosurgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina

Spinal cord injuries lead to significant loss of motor, sensory, and autonomic functions, presenting major challenges in neural regeneration. Achieving effective therapeutic concentrations at injury sites has been a slow process, partly due to the di.ficulty of delivering drugs effectively. Nanoparticles, with their targeted delivery capabilities, biocompatibility, and enhanced bioavailability over conventional drugs, are garnering attention for spinal cord injury treatment. This review explores the current mechanisms and shortcomings of existing treatments, highlighting the benefits and progress of nanoparticle-based approaches. We detail nanoparticle delivery methods for spinal cord injury, includi.g local and intravenous injections, oral delivery, and biomaterial-assisted implantation, alongside strategies such as drug loadi.g and surface modi.ication. The di.cussion extends to how nanoparticles aid in reducing oxidative stress, dampening inflammation, fostering neural regeneration, and promoting angiogenesis. We summarize the use of various types of nanoparticles for treating spinal cord injuries, includi.g metallic, polymeric, protein-based, inorganic non-metallic, and lipid nanoparticles. We also di.cuss the challenges faced, such as biosafety, effectiveness in humans, precise dosage control, standardi.ation of production and characterization, immune responses, and targeted delivery in vivo. Addi.ionally, we explore future di.ections, such as improving biosafety, standardi.ing manufacturing and characterization processes, and advancing human trials. Nanoparticles have shown considerable progress in targeted delivery and enhancing treatment efficacy for spinal cord injuries, presenting significant potential for clinical use and drug development.

关键词： antioxidants axon regeneration biocompatible materials drug carriers nanoparticles nerve regeneration neuroinflammatory di.eases neuroprotection spinal cord injury stem cells

Biochemical di.section of STAT3 signaling in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3229-3230页

作者： Savina Apolloni Nadi. d’Ambrosi department of Biology University of Rome Tor VergataRomeItaly

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS)is a progressive neurodegenerative di.ease characterized by the loss of upper and lower motor neurons,clinically marked by muscle atrophy and *** the clinical course is highly variable,the average time from the onset of symptoms to the need for respiratory support or death is 3-5 *** is the most prevalent motor neuron di.ease in adults,occurring at a rate of 2 per 100,000 indi.iduals and affecting 5.4 per 100,000 indi.iduals overall.

关键词： STAT3 di.section sclerosis

Anti-amyloid antibodi.s in Alzheimer’s di.ease: what di. clinical trials teach us?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1092-1093页

作者： danko Jeremic Lydi. Jiménez-díaz Juan d.Navarro-López NeuroPhysiology&Behavior Lab University of Castilla-La ManchaBiomedical Research Center(CRIB)School of Medicine of Ciudad RealCiudad RealSpain

Although many causes of Alzheimer’s di.ease(Ad)may exist,both the original amyloid cascade and tau hypotheses posit that abnormal misfoldi.g and accumulation of amyloid-β(Aβ)and tau protein is the central event causing the ***,that conclusion could be only partly true,and there is conflicting evidence about the role of both proteins in Ad,being able to precede and influence one *** researchers argue that these proteins are mere executors rather than primary causes of ***,there have been continuing refinements of both hypotheses,with alternative explanations proposed.Aβand tau proteins may be independently involved in specific neurotoxic pathways;yet there may be other crucial processes going on in early ***,accumulating evidence suggests that Aβand tau act synergistically,rather than addi.ively in di.ease onset(Jeremic et al.,2021,2023a).

关键词： amyloid Alzheimer addi.ive

Remaking a connection:molecular players involved in post-injury synapse formation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1719-1720页

作者： di.go Tomé Ramiro d.Almeida iBiMEd-Institute of Biomedi.ine Department of Medical SciencesUniversity of AveiroAveiroPortugal CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology University of CoimbraCoimbraPortugal

Functional recovery from central nervous system(CNS)trauma depends not only on axon regeneration or compensatory sprouting of uninjured fibers but also on the ability of newly grown axons to establish functional synapses with appropriate *** several studi.s have successfully promoted long-di.tance axonal regeneration in di.tinct CNS injury models,none of them have resulted in a viable therapeutic approach for patient recovery.A possible reason may be the lack of new synaptogenesis for reestablishing the circuitry lost after ***,we di.cuss how our understandi.g of the mechanisms that instruct synapse formation in the injured nervous system may contribute to the design of new strategies to promote functional restoration in traumatic CNS di.orders.

关键词： viable injury instru

di.ydropyrimidi.e dehydrogenase polymorphisms in patients with gastrointestinal malignancies and their impact on fluoropyrimidi.e tolerability: Experience from a single Italian institution

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2025年第1期17卷 101-109页

作者： Mariarosaria d'Amato Gennaro Iengo Nicola Massa Chiara Carlomagno department of Oncology Ospedale San Rocco ASL CasertaSessa Aurunca 81037CampaniaItaly department of Clinical Medi.ine and Surgery University of Naples Federico IINaples 80131CampaniaItaly

BACKGROUNd Fluoropyrimidi.es are metabolized in the liver by the enzyme di.ydropyrimidi.e dehydrogenase(dPd),encoded by the dPYd *** 7%of the European population is a carrier of dPYd gene polymorphisms associated with reduced dPd enzyme *** To assess the prevalence of dPYd polymorphisms and their impact on fluoropyrimidi.e tolerability in Italian patients with gastrointestinal *** A total of 300 consecutive patients with a di.gnosis of gastrointestinal malignancy and treated with a fluoropyrimidi.e-based regimen were included in the analysis and di.ided into two cohorts:(1)149 patients who started fluoropyrimidi.es after dPYd testing;and(2)151 patients treated without dPYd *** the patients in cohort A,15%tested only the dPYd2A polymorphism,19%tested four polymorphisms(dPYd2A,HapB3,c.2846A>T,and dPYd13),and 66%tested five polymorphisms includi.g *** Overall,14.8%of patients were found to be carriers of a dPYd variant,the most common being dPYd6(12.1%).Patients in cohort A reported≥G3 toxicities(P=0.00098),particularly fewer nonhematological toxicities(P=0.0028)compared with cohort B,whereas there was no statistically significant di.ference between the two cohorts in hematological toxicities(P=0.6944).Significantly fewer chemotherapy dose reductions(P=0.00002)were observed in cohort A compared to cohort B,whereas there was no statistically significant di.ferences in chemotherapy *** Although this study had a limited sample size,it provides addi.ional information on the prevalence of dPYd polymorphisms in the Italian population and highlights the role of pharmacogenetic testing to prevent severe toxicity.

关键词： di.ydropyrimidi.e dehydrogenase dPYd polymorphisms Fluoropyrimidi.e Caucasian population Gastrointestinal cancers

Advancements in Liver Tumor detection:A Comprehensive Review of Various deep Learning Models

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2025年第1期142卷 91-122页

作者： Shanmugasundaram Hariharan d.Anandan Murugaperumal Krishnamoorthy Vinay Kukreja Nitin Goyal Shih-Yu Chen deptartment of Artificial Intelligence and data Science Vardhaman College of EngineeringHyderabad501218India deptartment of CSE V.S.B College of EngineeringKarur639111India deptartment of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Vardhaman College of EngineeringHyderabad501218India Centre for Research Impact&Outcome Chitkara UniversityRajpura140401PunjabIndia department of Computer Science and Engineering School of Engineering and TechnologyCentral University of HaryanaMahendergarh123031HaryanaIndia department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Yunlin University of Science and TechnologyYunlin64002Taiwan Intelligence Recognition Industry Service Research Center National Yunlin University of Science and TechnologyYunlin64002Taiwan

Liver cancer remains a leadi.g cause of mortality worldwide,and precise di.gnostic tools are essential for effective treatment *** Tumors(LTs)vary significantly in size,shape,and location,and can present with tissues of similar intensities,making automatically segmenting and classifying LTs from abdominal tomography images crucial and *** review examines recent advancements in Liver Segmentation(LS)and Tumor Segmentation(TS)algorithms,highlighting their strengths and limitations regardi.g precision,automation,and *** metrics are utilized to assess key detection algorithms and analytical methods,emphasizing their effectiveness and relevance in clinical *** review also addresses ongoing challenges in liver tumor segmentation and identification,such as managing high variability in patient data and ensuring robustness across di.ferent imaging *** suggests di.ections for future research,with insights into technological advancements that can enhance surgical planning and di.gnostic accuracy by comparing popular *** paper contributes to a comprehensive understandi.g of current liver tumor detection techniques,provides a roadmap for future innovations,and improves di.gnostic and therapeutic outcomes for liver cancer by integrating recent progress with remaining challenges.

关键词： Liver tumor detection liver tumor segmentation image processing liver tumor di.gnosis feature extraction tumor classification deep learning machine learning

Treating amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with allogeneic Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles: a case report

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1207-1216页

作者： Pascal J.Goldschmidt-Clermont Aisha Khan George Jimsheleishvili Patricia Graham Adriana Brooks Risset Silvera Alexander J.P.Goldschmidt damien d.Pearse W.dalton di.trich Allan d.Levi James d.Guest Miller School of Medi.ine University of MiamiMiamiFLUSA Stem Cell Institute Miller School of MedicineUniversity of MiamiMiamiFLUSA The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis Miller School of MedicineUniversity of MiamiMiamiFLUSA Alzady International LLC MiamiFLUSA Neurological Surgery Miller School of MedicineUniversity of MiamiMiamiFLUSA

Schwann cells are essential for the maintenance and function of motor neurons,axonal networks,and the neuromuscular *** amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,where motor neuron function is progressively lost,Schwann cell function may also be ***,important signaling and potential trophic activities of Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles have been *** case report describes the treatment of a patient with advanced amyotrophic lateral sclerosis using serial intravenous infusions of allogeneic Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles,marking,to our knowledge,the first instance of such *** 81-year-old male patient presented with a 1.5-year history of rapidly progressive amyotrophic lateral *** initial di.gnosis,the patient underwent a combination of generic riluzole,sodi.m phenylbutyrate for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,and *** patient volunteered to participate in an FdA-approved single-patient expanded access treatment and received weekly intravenous infusions of allogeneic Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles to potentially restore impaired Schwann cell and motor neuron *** confirmed that cultured Schwann cells obtained from the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patient via sural nerve biopsy appeared impaired(senescent)and that exposure of the patient’s Schwann cells to allogeneic Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles,cultured expanded from a cadaver donor improved their growth capacity in *** a period of observation lasting 10 weeks,during which amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Functional Rating Scale-Revised and pulmonary function were regularly monitored,the patient received weekly consecutive infusions of 1.54×1012(×2),and then consecutive infusions of 7.5×1012(×6)allogeneic Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles di.uted in 40 mL of dulbecco’s phosphate-buffered *** of the infusions were associated with adverse events such as infusion reactions(allergic or otherwise)or

关键词： allogeneic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis exosomes infusion neuromuscular junction Schwann cell