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Training medical undergraduates in the core disciplines of community medicine through community postings-an experience from India

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2016年第3期4卷 45-50页

作者： Hemant Deepak shewade Chinnakali Palanivel Kathiresan Jeyashree Department of Community Medicine Indira Gandhi Medical College and Research InstitutePuducherryIndia Department of Community Medicine Velammal Medical College Hospital&Research InstituteMaduraiIndia International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease(The Union) South-East Asia OfficeC-6Qutub Institutional AreaNew DelhiIndia Department of Preventive and Social Medicine Jawaharlal Insti-tute of Postgraduate Medical Edu-cation and Research(JIPMER)PuducherryIndia

Objective:Family medicine,epidemiology,health management and health promotion are the core disciplines of community *** this paper,we discuss the development of a commu-nity posting program within the framework of community medicine core disciplines at a primary health centre attached to a teaching hospital in Puducherry,***:This is a process documentation of our ***:There were some shortcomings which revolved around the central theme that post-ings were conducted with department in the teaching hospital as the focal point,not the primary health centre(PHC).To address the shortcomings,we made some changes in the existing com-munity posting program in *** feedback aimed at Kirkpatrick level 1(satisfaction)evaluation revealed that they appreciated the benefits of having the posting with PHC as the focal *** recommended some further changes in the community posting which could be addressed through complete administrative control of the primary health centre as urban health and training center of the teaching hospital;and also through practice of core disciplines of com-munity medicine by faculty of community ***:It is important to introduce the medical undergraduates to the core disciplines of community medicine early through community *** postings should be con-ducted with primary health centre or urban health and training centre as the focal point.

关键词： Family medicine community posting clinical posting community-based medical education undergraduate medical education epidemiology health management health promotion

A CLASS OF MODIFIED BROYDEN ALGORITHMS

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Journal of Computational Mathematics 1994年第4期12卷 366-379页

作者： PU, dg TIAN, WW SHANGHAI INST RAILWAY TECHNOL DEPT MATHSHANGHAIPEOPLES R CHINA SHANGHAI UNIV SCI & TECHNOL DEPT MATHSHANGHAIPEOPLES R CHINA

In this paper we dicuss the convergence of the modified Broyden algorithms. We prove that the algorithms are globally convergent for the continuous differentiable function and the rate of convergence of the algorithms is one-step superlinear and n-step second-order for the uniformly convex objective function. From the discussion of this paper, we may get some convergence properties of the Broyden algorithms.

关键词： CLASS Powell Fletcher BFGS minimization convergent constrained demon exact symmetric

Knowledge,access and utilization of bednets among stable and seasonal migrants in an artemisinin resistance containment area of Myanmar

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2017年第1期6卷 1227-1234页

作者： Wint Phyo Than Tin Oo Khin Thet Wai Aung Thi Philip Owiti Binay Kumar Hemant Deepak shewade Rony Zachariah Regional Public Health Department Ministry of HealthBagoMyanmar Department of Medical Research Ministry of HealthYangonMyanmar National Malaria Control Program Ministry of HealthNaypyitawMyanmar Academic Model Providing Access to Healthcare(AMPATH) EldoretKenya GAVI the Vaccine Alliance GenevaSwitzerland International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease(The Union) South-East Asia Regional OfficeNew DelhiIndia Medecins Sans Frontieres Operational Research Unit(LuxOR)Luxembourg CityLuxembourg

Background:Myanmar lies in the Greater Mekong sub-region of South-East Asia faced with the challenge of emerging resistance to artemisinin combination therapies(ACT).Migrant populations are more likely than others to spread ACT resistance.A vital intervention to reduce malaria transmission,resistance spread and eliminate malaria is the use of bed *** seasonal and stable migrants in an artemisinin resistance containment region of Myanmar,we compared a)their household characteristics,b)contact with health workers and information material,and c)household knowledge,access and utilization of bed ***:Secondary data from community-based surveys on 2484 migrant workers(2013 and 2014,Bago Region)were analyzed of which 37%were seasonal *** net access and utilization were assessed using a)availability of at least one bed net per household,and b)one bed net per two persons,and c)proportion of household members who slept under abed net during the previous night(Indicator targets=100%).Results:Over 70%of all migrants were from unstable work settings with short transitory *** household size was five(range 1-25)and almost half of all households had children under-five *** 10%of migrants were night-time *** than 40%of households had contact with health workers and less than 30%had exposure to information education and communication(IEC)materials,the latter being significantly lower among seasonal *** 70%of households were aware of the importance of insecticide-treated bed-nets/long-lasting insecticidal nets(ITNs/LLINs),but knowledge on insecticide impregnation and retreatment of ITNs was poor(<10%).Although over 95%of households had access to at least one bed net,the number with one bed net per two persons was grossly inadequate(13%for stable migrants and 9%for seasonal migrants,P=0.001).About half of all household members slept under a bed net during the previous ***:This study reveals important short-fa

关键词： Operational research Malaria Transmission Artemisinin Greater Mekong sub-region Mosquito

阿片样物质介导多潘立酮和西沙必利对小鼠的镇痛作用(英文)

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2002年第1期23卷 25-28页

作者： Isabella TOPNO,Mohammed ASAD,Deepak Gopal shewade,Chanolean SHASHINDRAN,Subramanyan RAMASWAMY Department of Pharmacology Jawaharlal Institute of Post-graduate Medical Education and Research Pondicherry-605006 India Department of Pharmacology Jawaharlal Institute of Post-graduate Medical Education and Research Pondicherry-605006 India Department of Pharmacology Jawaharlal Institute of Post-graduate Medical Education and Research Pondicherry-605006 India Department of Pharmacology Jawaharlal Institute of Post-graduate Medical Education and Research Pondicherry-605006 India Department of Pharmacology Jawaharlal Institute of Post-graduate Medical Education and Research Pondicherry-605006 India

To study the anti-nociceptive effect of domper-idone and cisapride in mice. METHODS: Initially, the effect of these drugs on motor activity was tested using rotarod. The anti-nociception was tested using chemical and mechanical assay. In the chemical assay, the number of abdominal constrictions either in the saline treated animals or in the domperidone/cisapride (1, 5, or 10 mg/kg either po or ip) treated mice, were recorded for a period of 30 min after acetic acid challenge (10 mLAg, of 0.6 % acetic acid ip). In the tail clip assay, the time taken by the mouse to make attempts to dislodge the bulldog clamp placed at the tail (reaction time) was recorded with a cut off time of 30 s. The role of opioid pathways was examined by pretreating the animals with naloxone (1 mg/kg, ip) 30 min prior to domperidone and cisapride. RESULTS: Domperidone and cisapride, both reduced the number of abdominal constrictions when given orally or intraperitoneally. Domperidone (5 mg/kg) inhibited it to the extent of 57.0 % a

关键词：多潘立酮西沙必利镇痛药醋酸类纳洛酮

Assessment of household ownership of bed nets in areas with and without artemisinin resistance containment measures in Myanmar

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2018年第1期7卷 199-205页

作者： Thae Maung Maung Tin Oo Khin Thet Wai Thaung Hlaing Philip Owiti Binay Kumar Hemant Deepak shewade Rony Zachariah Aung Thi Department of Medical Research Ministry of Health and SportsYangonMyanmar Department of Public Health Ministry of Health and SportsNay Pyi TawMyanmar Academic Model Providing Access to Healthcare(AMPATH) EldoretKenya Gavi the Vaccine AllianceGenevaSwitzerland International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease(The Union) South-East Asia Regional OfficeNew DelhiIndia Medecins Sans Frontieres Brussels Operational CentreLuxembourg cityLuxembourg National Malaria Control Program Ministry of Health and SportsNay Pyi TawMyanmar

Background:Myanmar lies in the Greater Mekong Subregion where there is artemisinin-resistant Plasmodium falciparum *** the artemisinin compound is the pillar of effective antimalarial therapies,containing the spread of artemisinin resistance is a national and global *** use of insecticide-treated bed nets/long-lasting insecticidal nets(ITNs/LLINs)is the key intervention for ensuring the reduction of malaria transmission and the spread of resistant strains,and for eventually eliminating *** study aimed at assessing household ownership of,access to,and utilization of bed nets in areas of Myanmar with and without artemisinin resistance containment ***:Secondary data from a nationwide community-based malaria survey conducted by the National Malaria Control Program in 2014 were *** on evidence of artemisinin resistance,Myanmar was divided into tiers 1,2,and 3:townships in tiers 1 and 2 were aggregated as the Myanmar Artemisinin Resistance Containment(MARC)areas and were compared with tier 3 townships,which were defined as non-MARC *** chi-square test was used to compare groups,and the level of significance was set at P≤***:Of the 6328 households assessed,97.2%in both MARC and non-MARC areas had at least one bed net(any type),but only 63%of households had ITNs/*** 44%of households in MARC areas and 24%in non-MARC areas had adequate numbers of ITNs/LLINs(one ITN/LLIN per two persons,P<0.001).Nearly 44%of household members had access to ITNs/*** the utilization of ITNs/LLINs,45%of household members used them in MARC areas and 36%used them in non-MARC areas(P<0.001,desired target=100%).Utilization of ITNs/LLINs among children aged below five years and pregnant women(high malaria risk groups)was low,at 44%and 42%,***:This study highlights the nationwide shortfalls in the ownership of,access to,and utilization of ITNs/LLINs in Myanmar,which is of particular concern in terms

关键词： Malaria Insecticide-treated bed nets Long-lasting insecticidal nets Myanmar artemisinin resistance containment Bed nets ownership Bed nets access Bed nets utilization Myanmar

Studies on the Surface Properties of MCM-41

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2002年第3期18卷 242-245页

作者： HE Jing DUAN Xue EVANS dg LI Cheng yue The Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Controllable Chemical Reactions Ministry of EducationBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029P.R.China

MCM 41 materials with a well ordered long range structure, a large pore size and a high surface area have been synthesized. Their surface properties including the number and the nature of the surface hydroxyl groups and surface hydrophobicity/hydrophilicity have been investigated by means of 29 Si MAS NMR and FT IR spectra and TPD of probe molecules. The results clearly show that the surface of MCM 41 has an abundance of acidic silanol groups, and that the hydrophobicity/hydrophilicity can be modified by the introduction of Al and transition metals Ti, Cr, Ni and Fe into it.

关键词： Hydroxyl group Hydrophobicity/Hydrophilicity MCM 41

The effect of retinoic acid on Ito cell proliferation and content of DNA and RNA

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 1999年第5期5卷 443-444页

作者： Gao ZL Li dg Lu HM Gu XH Yangpu Cent Hosp Dept Gastroenterol Shanghai 200092 Peoples R China Shanghai Second Med Univ Dept Gastroenterol Shanghai 200090 Peoples R China

INTRODUCTIONThe development of liver fibrosis is due to an imbalance between synthesis and degradation of extracellular matrix. Recent studies have shown that Ito cells which are located along the sinuses of liver, can store and metabolize Vit A, and are the main cells that produce collagen, among which type Ⅰ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ and laminin, account for 80%-95% of the total hepatic collagen[1]. Ito cells in the course of proliferation and synthesis of collagen showed a reduction of Vit A contents and retinoic acid receptors[2]. This study was designed to investigate the effect of retinoic acid on Ito cell proliferation and the contents of DNA/RNA and to analyse further its mechanism or pathways.

关键词： liver fibrosis retinoic acid Ito cell cell culture microspectrophotometer DNA RNA

A New Ursene Type Triterpenoid from Crepis napifera

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2000年第8期11卷 711-712页

作者： Wu, SH Luo, XD Ma, YB Wu, dg Chinese Acad Sci Kunming Inst Bot Lab Phytochem Kunming 650204 Peoples R China

A new triterpenoid, urs-20-en-3 beta-acetoxy-22 alpha-ol, and three known compounds 3 beta-acetoxy-amyrin, 3 beta-acetoxy-lupeol, lupeol were isolated from the leaves of Crepis napifera (Franch.) Babe. Their structure... 详细信息

关键词： Crepis napifera (Franch.) Babc. Compositae triterpenoid urs-20-en-3 beta-acetoxy-22 alpha-ol 3 beta-acetoxy-amyrin 3 beta-acetoxy-lupeol lupeol

Study on the reaction of C60 with DL-valine and cyclohexanone

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 1996年第6期14卷 555-560页

作者： Zheng, dg Li, YL Mao, Z Zhu, DB CHINESE ACAD SCI INST CHEMBEIJING 100080PEOPLES R CHINA

Reaction of C-60 with DL-valine and cyclohexanone in refluxing chlorobenzene under N-2 yields three [60]fulleropyrrolidine derivatives (mono-, bis- and triadduct) which are characterised on the basis of spectroscopies and cyclic voltammetry. It is found that the ratio of the three products greatly depends on the reaction conditions.

关键词： C-60 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction fulleropyrrolidine