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Typology and Agroecology of Agroecosystems in Vegetation Dynamics in the Ecotones of the Mbam and Inoubou

Open Journal of Forestry 2024年第1期14卷 42-66页

作者： Alex Bruno Dong Etchike Lucie Félicité Temgoua Bertine Tiokeng Marie Caroline Momo Solefack Martin benoit Ngassoum pierre Marie Mapongmetsem Laboratory of Applied Botany Faculty of Sciences of the University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon Department of Forestry Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon National School of Agro-Industrial Sciences of the University of Ngaoundéré Ngaoundéré Cameroon Laboratory of Biodiversity and Sustainable Development of the University of Ngaoundéré Ngaoundéré Cameroon

Agroforestry systems strongly characterize the Cameroonian agrarian landscape. Agroforests are among those structuring the ecotones of Mbam and Inoubou in the Central Cameroon region. Numerous works on agroecosystems of Central and South Cameroon, few have come out contribution of the structure of these traditional systems in the dynamics of the vegetation of these forest-savannah ecotones. The present contribution has the overall objective of demonstrating the structural efficiency of agroforests the dynamics of ecotone vegetation, but also in the conservation of biodiversity. To do this, a participatory analysis was carried out with 56 farmers distributed in the five villages of Makénéné. Botanical inventories supplemented socio-economic household surveys. The data collected was subjected to various analyzes (univariate test, analysis of variance, multivariate test, PCA, CAH). The results reveal that 55.2% of agroforests are less than 15 years old and those with an area greater than 1500 m2 predominate (33%). They are mainly young with generally small surface areas. The horizontal structure reveals that the largest diameter classes are those of [20 - 30 cm[ and [10 - 20 cm[ with a very low rate of basal area. Agroforests with trees over 10 m high are dominant in five villages of Makénéné. Two types of structural profiles characterize the agroforestry flora of the area, namely intensive pluristratified home gardens on savannah and intensive pluristratified agroforests under forest-savannah transition vegetation. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Ascending Hierarchical Clustering (HAC) show three Agroforest Clusters each. The PCA distribution reveals that woody biomass (Y) is strongly correlated with tree diameter (DBH) and significantly with height (Cluster 2). The age (AAG) (Cluster 1) of these agroforests, on the other hand, remains independent of the density (DST) of these trees (Cluster 3). The agroforests in the Nyokon, Carrière and Mocksud vil

关键词： Agroforests Agroecosystem Center Cameroon Dynamics Agroecology Typology

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Efficacy and tolerability of chitin-glucan combined with simethicone(GASTRAP^(■)DIRECT)in irritable bowel syndrome:A prospective,open-label,multicenter study

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology and Therapeutics 2024年第3期15卷 10-22页

作者： Nathalie Talbodec Pauline Le Roy Peggy Fournier benoit Lesage Elodie Lepoutre François Castex Jean Michel Godchaux Lionel Vandeville Benjamin Bismuth Xavier Lesage Pauline Bayart Michael Genin Christel Rousseaux Veronique Maquet Salvatore Modica pierre Desreumaux Caroline Valibouze Department of Gastroenterology Hôpital privéLe BoisLille 59000France Department of Gastroenterology Hôpital privéde Villeneuve d’AscqVilleneuve d’Ascq 59650France Univ.Lille CHU LilleULR 2694–METRICSÉvaluation des Technologies de Santéet des Pratiques MédicalesLille 59000France Development of Intestinal Biotech 1 Avenue Oscar LambretLille 59045France KitoZyme SA Parc Industriel des hauts Sarts Zone 2Rue de MilmortHerstal 4040Belgium BiOkuris A Parc Industriel des hauts Sarts Zone 2Rue de MilmortHerstal 4040Belgium Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology Lille University HospitalLille 59000France U1286-INFINITE Institute for Translational Research in InflammationUniv.LilleInsermCHU LilleLille 59000France Department of Digestive Surgery and Transplantation Lille University HospitalLille 59037France

BACKGROUND Irritable bowel syndrome(IBS),defined according to the Rome IV diagnostic criteria,is a chronic functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by recurrent abdominal pain related to altered bowel ***-line recommended treatments are limited to combining drugs targeting predominant symptoms,particularly pain(antispasmodics),constipation(laxatives),and diarrhea(loperamide),yielding only a limited therapeutic ***^(■)DIRECT is a class IIa medical formulation composed of a combination of chitin-glucan and simethicone indicated for the symptomatic treatment of gas-related gastrointestinal disorders by combining different mechanisms of *** To evaluate the efficacy,tolerability,and safety of 4-week GASTRAP^(■)DIRECT treatment in patients with *** In this prospective,multicenter,open-label trial,120 patients with IBS received three sticks of GASTRAP^(■)DIRECT(1.5 g/d of chitin-glucan and 0.75 mg/d of simethicone)per day for 4 *** primary endpoint was the responder rate,defined as the number of patients whose abdominal pain score decreased by≥30%from baseline to week(W)*** analysis was performed using the per-protocol *** symptoms,impact of global symptoms on daily life,change in stool consistency,and improvement in defecatory disorders were *** Overall,100 patients were *** W4,67%(95%CI:57-75)showed improvement in abdominal pain(score:5.8±2.4 vs 2.9±2.0,P<0.0001).Similar improvements were observed for bloating[8.0±1.7 vs 4.7±2.9,P<0.0001;60%(95%CI:50-70)responders],abdominal distension[7.2±2.1 vs 4.4±3.1,P<0.0001;53%(95%CI:43-63)responders],and impact of global symptoms on daily life[7.1±2.0 vs 4.6±2.9,P<0.0001;54%(95%CI:44-64)responders].Stool consistency improved in most patients(90%and 57%for patients with liquid and hard stools,respectively).Overall,42%of patients with defecatory disorders reported very much/considerable improvements by *** severe adverse event occurred,and tolerabil

关键词： Chitin-glucan Irritable bowel syndrome Abdominal pain Flatulence Defecatory disorders Stool consistency Natural non-pharmacological treatment

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Investigating the effects of peptide-based,MOS and protease feed additives on the growth performance and fecal microbial composition of weaned pigs

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2022年第5期13卷 1469-1482页

作者： Prakash Poudel Ryan Samuel Crystal Levesque benoit St-pierre Himalayan Pet Foods MukilteoWashington 98275USA Department of Animal Science South Dakota State UniversityAnimal Science ComplexBox 2170BrookingsSD 57007USA

Background:Digestive disorders in weaning pigs remain a major challenge for swine *** types of commercial feed additives have been developed to promote gut health and development in young pigs,but their effects on resident gut microbial communities remain largely *** aim of this study was to investigate the impact of a peptide-based product(Peptiva)in combination with mannose oligosaccharides(MOS)and an exogenous protease on the performance and fecal microbiome of nursery ***:A total of 1097 weaned pigs were divided into 44 pens(24-26 pigs/pen)with each pen randomly assigned to one of four experimental diets as part of Phase Ⅱ and Phase Ⅲ of a standard nursery phase feeding *** samples collected from representative control and treatment pigs were used to investigate bacterial composition profiles by high throughput sequencing of PCR-generated amplicons targeting the V1-V3 region of the 16S rRNA ***:Higher gain:feed was observed for pigs fed Peptiva and MOS compared to Controls during the period when experimental diets were fed,but the benefits of supplementation were not maintained after pigs were transitioned to a non-supplemented *** candidate bacterial species,identified as Operational Taxonomic Units(OTUs),were found to have significantly different abundances between control samples and treatment samples during the same *** Phase Ⅲ samples,SD_Ssd-00039,predicted to be a strain of Streptococcus alactolyticus based on nucleotide sequence identity,was the most highly represented of these OTUs with an average abundance in pigs fed Peptiva,MOS and protease that was 3.9 times higher than in *** report also presents evidence of microbial succession that occurred during the trial,with 16 of the 32 most abundant OTUs found to vary between Phase Ⅱ and Phase Ⅲ samples for the same dietary ***:Dietary supplementation with a combination of a peptide-based product,MOS,and protease in

关键词： Bacteria Gut Microbiome MOS Peptide Protease Swine Weaning

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Desorption Behavior and Thermogravimetric Analysis of Bio-Hardeners

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2022年第8期10卷 2015-2027页

作者： benoit Ndiwe Antonio Pizzi Hubert Chapuis Noel Konai Lionel Karga pierre Girods Raidandi Danwe Department of Mechanical Engineering Higher Technical Teacher Training College Douala(ENSET)University of DoualaDoualaCameroon Laboratory of Forest Resources and Wood Valorization(Larefob) ENSET of DoualaDoualaCameroon Department of Engineering Science West UniversityTrollhättanSweden LERMAB-ENSTIB University of LorraineEpinal88051France Laboratoire D’Etudes et de Recherche sur le Matériau Bois LERMAB Facultédes Sciences et TechnologiesUniversitéde LorraineNancyFrance Laboratory of Materials Mechanics Structures and Integrated ManufacturingNational Advanced School of EngineeringYaoundé1 UniversityYaoundéCameroon Department of Mechanical Petroleum and Gas Engineering Faculty of Mines and Petroleum IndustriesUniversity of MarouaKaéléCameroon Laboratory of Mechanic Materials and BuildingSahel Institute of Maroua UniversityMarouaCameroon

In this work,the thermal degradation and drying of bio-hardeners are *** bio-hardeners based on exudates of Senegalia senegal,Vachellia nilotica,Vachellia seyal,and Acacia siebteriana were analyzed by FTIR and thermogravimetric analysis,and a desorption study was also *** analysis by infrared spectroscopy indicates the existence of oligomers of different types all giving 5-hydroxy-2-hydroxymethylfuran and 2,5-dihydroxymethylfuran which are then the real hardening *** pyrolysis of these extracts reveals three main regions of mass loss,a first region is located between 25℃and 110℃reflecting the loss of water from the adhesive and the formation of some traces of volatile organic compounds such as CO_(2)and CO,a second zone characterized by the release of CO,CO_(2)and CH4 gases with peaks between 110°and 798.8℃.At the end of the analysis,about 22%of the initial mass remains undecomposed,this mass corresponds to the rigid segments of the bio-hardener which are not completely decomposed.

关键词： Exudates pyrolysis FTIR bio-hardener desorption

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Effect of transcutaneous electroacupuncture at Neiguan(PC 6) on refractory vomiting in patients in intensive care unit

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2017年第4期37卷 554-557页

作者： benoit Bataille Carine Chan-Shun Bastian Nucci Bernard Verdoux Michel Mora pierre Cocquet Stein Silva Department of Intensive Care Medicine Narbonne HospitalNarbonne F-11100France Centre Hospitalier de Narbonne Service de Réanimation PolyvalenteNarbonne F-11100France Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Purpan University HospitalToulouse F-31059France Department of Intensive Care Vledicine Narbonne HospitalNarbonne F-11 1 00France

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of transcutaneous electroacupuncture(TEA) at Neiguan(PC 6) on refractory vomiting in critically ill patients in intensive care(ICU) ***: Ten patients admitted in ICU and presenting vomiting refractory to one or more antiemetic drugs were prospectively included in the study. TEA was applied at acupoint of Neiguan(PC6) during 30 min with a neuromuscular transmission monitor(single-twitch stimulation with 1 Hz at a constant current of 10 m A). Nausea and Vomiting were evaluated at the following intervals: immediately after 30 min of TEA at Neiguan(PC 6),30 min-6h and 6-24 h. The presence of nausea and/or vomiting throughout the observational period was defined as the primary end ***: The presence of nausea or vomiting throughout the observational period was 10% at the end of TEA, 40% between 30 min and 6 h, and50% between 30 min and 24 h(P < 0.001, P = 0.01 and P = 0.03 vs pre-TEA, respectively). There were no complications or side effects related to ***: TEA at Neiguan(PC 6) seems effective in reducing refractory vomiting in the patients in ICU setting, even if larger trials are needed to define optimal modalities.

关键词： Electroacupuncture Point PC 6 (Neiguan) Nausea Vomiting Antiemetics

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The beginnings of plasmomechanics： towards plasmonic strain sensors

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Frontiers of Materials Science 2015年第2期9卷 170-177页

作者： Thomas MAURER Joseph MARAE-DJOUDA Ugo CATALDI Arthur GONTIER Guillaume MONTAY Yazid MADI benoit PANICAUD Demetrio MACIAS pierre-Michel ADAM Gaetan LEVEQUE Thomas BURGI Roberto CAPUTO Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Instrumentation in Optics (LNIO) ICD CNRS UMR 6281 University of Technology of Troyes CS 42060 10004 Troyes France The Laboratory of Mechanical Systems and Concurrent Engineeringl ICD CNRS UMR 6281 University of Technology of Troyes CS 42060 10004 Troyes France Ermess EPF Sceaux France Center of Materials Mines ParisTech UMR CNRS 7633 BP 87 91003 Evry Cedex France Institute of Electronics Microelectronics and Nanotechnology (IEMN CNRS-8520) Cite Scientifique Avenue Poincare 59652 Villeneuve d'Ascq France Department of Physical Chemistry University of Geneva 30 Quai Ernest-Ansermet 1211 Geneva 4 Switzerland Department of Physics and CNR-NANOTEC University of Calabria 87036 Rende Italy

This article exposes the beginnings of a new field which could be named as ＂plasmomechanics＂. Plasmomechanics comes from the convergence between mechanics and plasmonics. Here we discuss a relatively recent topic whose technolo- gical aim is the development of plasmonic strain sensors, The idea is based on the ability to deduce Au nanoparticles （NPs） distance distributions from polarized optical extinction spectroscopy which could thus give access to material strains. Variations of interparticle distances distributions can indeed lead to variations of plasmonic coupling and thus to material color change as shown here experimentally and numerically for random Au NP assemblies deposited onto elastomer films,

关键词： localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) metallic nanoparticle strain composite material elastomeric film

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Saccharomyces cerevisiae CNCM I-3856 in irritable bowel syndrome: An individual subject meta-analysis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第2期23卷 336-344页

作者： Amélie Cayzeele-Decherf Fanny Pélerin Sébastien Leuillet benoit Douillard Béatrice Housez Murielle Cazaubiel Gunnard K Jacobson Peter Jüsten pierre Desreumaux Lesaffre Human Care Lesaffre Group Biofortis-Mérieux NutriS ciences Lesaffre Yeast Corporation Lesaffre Group CHU Lille Department of GastroenterologyClaude Huriez Hospital Lille University North of France INSERM U995

AIMTo confirm previous conclusions on Saccharomyces cerevisiae (S. cerevisiae) CNCM I-3856 for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) *** individual patient data meta-analysis was performed on two randomized clinical trials studying the effect of S. cerevisiae CNCM I-3856 supplementation on gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms in IBS subjects. A total of 579 IBS subjects were included. Outcomes were the daily Likert scale scores of abdominal pain/discomfort and bloating [area under the curve (AUC) and weekly means], responder status, and bowel movements (stool frequency and consistency). Statistical analyses were conducted in Intent to Treat (ITT) population, IBS-C subjects and IBS-C subjects with an abdominal pain/discomfort score higher than or equal to 2 at baseline (“IBS-C ≥ 2 subpopulation”).RESULTSS. cerevisiae CNCM I-3856 significantly improved abdominal pain/discomfort and bloating during the second month of supplementation [AUC (W5-W8)] with improvement up to the minimal clinically relevant threshold of 10%: a 12.3% reduction of abdominal pain/discomfort in the ITT population compared to the Placebo group (P = 0.0134) has been observed. In the IBS-C ≥ 2 subpopulation, there were a 13.1% reduction of abdominal pain/discomfort and a 14.9% reduction of bloating compared to the Placebo group (P = 0.0194 and P = 0.0145, respectively). GI symptoms significantly decreased during supplementation but no statistical differences were reported between groups at the end of the supplementation period. Responder status was defined as a subject who experienced a decrease of 1 arbitrary unit (a.u.) or 50% of the abdominal discomfort score from baseline for at least 2 wk out of the last 4 wk of the study. A significant difference between groups was reported in the ITT population, when considering the first definition: subjects in the Active group had 1.510 higher odds to be a responder (reduction of 1 a.u. of abdominal pain/discomfort) comp

关键词： Irritable bowel syndrome Saccharomyces cerevisiae Constipation Abdominal pain Probiotics

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Faecal calprotectin and magnetic resonance imaging in detecting Crohn's disease endoscopic postoperative recurrence

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第5期24卷 641-650页

作者： pierre Baillet Guillaume Cadiot Marion Goutte Felix Goutorbe Hedia Brixi Christine Hoeffel Christophe Allimant Maud Reymond Hélène Obritin-Guilhen benoit Magnin Gilles Bommelaer Bruno Pereira Constance Hordonneau Anthony Buisson Université Clermont Auvergne CHU Clermont-Ferrand Service de radiologie CHU de Reims Service d’Hépato-Gastro Entérologie Université Clermont Auvergne Inserm 3iHP CHU Clermont-Ferrand Service d’Hépato-Gastro Entérologie Université Clermont Auvergne Inserm U1071 CH de Bayonne Service d’Hépato-Gastro Entérologie CHU de Reims Service de radiologie CHU Clermont-Ferrand DRCI Unité de Biostatistiques

AIM To assess magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) and faecal calprotectin to detect endoscopic postoperative recurrence in patients with Crohn's disease(CD).METHODS From two tertiary centers, all patients with CD who underwent ileocolonic resection were consecutively and prospectively included. All the patients underwent MRI and endoscopy within the first year after surgery or after the restoration of intestinal continuity [median = 6 mo(5.0-9.3)]. The stools were collected the day before the colonoscopy to evaluate faecal calprotectin level. Endoscopic postoperative recurrence(POR) was defined as Rutgeerts' index ≥ i2b. The MRI was analyzed independently by two radiologists blinded from clinical *** Apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC) was lower in patients with endoscopic POR compared to those with no recurrence(2.03 ± 0.32 vs 2.27 ± 0.38 × 10^(-3) mm^2/s, P = 0.032). Clermont score(10.4 ± 5.8 vs 7.4 ± 4.5, P = 0.038) and relative contrast enhancement(RCE)(129.4% ± 62.8% vs 76.4% ± 32.6%, P = 0.007) were significantly associated with endoscopic POR contrary to the magnetic resonance index of activity(Ma RIA)(7.3 ± 4.5 vs 4.8 ± 3.7; P = 0.15) and MR scoring system(P = 0.056). ADC 100%(sensitivity = 0.75, specificity = 0.81, PPV = 0.75, NPV = 0.81) were the best cutoff values to identify endoscopic POR. Clermont score > 6.4(sensitivity = 0.61, specificity = 0.82, PPV = 0.73, NPV = 0.74), Ma RIA > 3.76(sensitivity = 0.61, specificity = 0.82, PPV = 0.73, NPV = 0.74) and a MR scoring system ≥ MR1(sensitivity = 0.54, specificity = 0.82, PPV = 0.70, and NPV = 0.70) demonstrated interesting performances to detect endoscopic POR. Faecal calprotectin values were significantly higher in patients with endoscopic POR(114 ± 54.5 μg/g vs 354.8 ± 432.5 μg/g; P = 0.0075). Faecal calprotectin > 100 μg/g demonstrated high perfor

关键词： Faecal calprotectin Magnetic resonance imaging Postoperative recurrence Crohn’s disease Clermont score Magnetic resonance index of activity

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Long-distance nitrate signaling displays cytokinin dependent and independent branches

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2016年第3期58卷 226-229页

作者： Sandrine Ruffel Arthur Poitout Gabriel Krouk Gloria M.Coruzzi benoit Lacombe Biochemistry and Plant Molecular Physiology Integrative Biology Institute for Plants'Claude Grignon'UMR CNRS/INRA/SupAgro/UM Place Pierre Viala 34060 Montpellier cedexFrance Center for Genomics and Systems Biology Department of Biology New York University New YorkNY 10003USA

The long-distance signaling network allowing a plant to properly develop its root system is crucial to optimize root foraging in areas where nutrients are available. Cytokinin is an essential element of the systemic signaling network leading to the enhancement of lateral root proliferation in areas where nitrate is available. Here,we explore more precisely：（i） which particular traits of lateral root growth（density and length of emerged lateral roots） are the targets of systemic signaling in a context of heterogeneous nitrate supply; and（ii） if the systemic signaling depends only on cytokinin or on a combination of several signalings.

关键词： Cytokinin development nitrate root systemic

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Effects of Ficus asperifolia on normal rat estrus cyclicity

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2013年第1期3卷 53-57页

作者： Esther Ngadjui pierre Watcho Telesphore benoit Nguelefack Albert Kamanyi Department of Animal Biology Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Dschang

Objective:To evaluate Ficus asperifolia(Moraceae)(***)effecting on regular estrus cycle of Wistar ***:Air-dried fruits of *** were extracted using *** to the test,vaginal smear was monitored daily for a 3-week period to select females with normal(regular)estrous *** with regular estrus cycle weighing between 150-170 g were randomized into three sets of 15 animals *** set was then divided into three groups:Group 1(control)was orally administered with distilled water(10 mL/kg body weight)once a day for 1 week starting from the proestrus *** 2 and 3 were respectively treated with 100and 500 mg/kg body weight of the plant aqueous *** two other sets of 15 animals each were similarly treated as the first set for 3 weeks and 6 weeks *** cycle pattern was monitored before and during plant extract application whereas lipid profile,ovary,uterus and liver growth indices were determined at the end of each ***:*** did not disrupt(0%)the order of appearance of normal estrus cycle stages,namely,proestrus,estrus,metestrus and ***-term treatment(1 week duration)exhibited high frequency of appearance of proestrus and estrus stages while mid-(3 weeks)and long-term(6 weeks)treatments revealed constancy in the frequency of all stages irrespective to animal *** plasma and organ lipid profile,as well as ovary,uterus and liver growth remained unchanged when compared to distilled water-treated *** long-term administration of plant extract(6 weeks),no adverse effect was ***:Our data partially support the use of *** in common medicine.

关键词： Ficus asperifolia Estrus cycle Rats.

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