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On dogs, people, and a rabies epidemic: results from a sociocultural study in Bali, Indonesia

Infectious diseases of Poverty 2015年第1期4卷 239-256页

作者： Maria digna Winda Widyastuti Kevin Louis Bardosh Sunar C Basri E Basuno A.Jatikusumah R.A.Arief A.A.G.Putra A.Rukmantara A.T.S.Estoepangestie I.Willyanto I.K.G.Natakesuma I.P.Sumantra d.grace F.Unger J.Gilbert Center for Indonesian Veterinary Analytical Studies BogorIndonesia School of Social and Political Science The University of EdinburghEdinburghUK Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Bogor Agricultural UniversityBogorIndonesia Center for Socio Economic and Agricultural Policy Studies Ministry of AgricultureBogorIndonesia disease Investigation Centre denpasar Ministry of AgricultureDenpasarIndonesia Edelman Indonesia JakartaIndonesia Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Airlangga UniversitySurabayaIndonesia InI Veterinary Service SurabayaIndonesia Bali Provincial Livestock and Animal Health Services Office DenpasarIndonesia International Livestock Research Institute NairobiKenya

Background:Previously free of rabies,Bali experienced an outbreak in 2008,which has since caused a large number of human *** response,both mass dog culling and vaccination have been *** order to assess potential community-driven interventions for optimizing rabies control,we conducted a study exploring the relationship between dogs,rabies,and the Balinese *** objectives of this study were to:i)understand the human-dog relationship in Bali;ii)explore local knowledge,attitudes,and practices(KAPs)relating to rabies;and iii)assess potential community-driven activities to optimize rabies control and ***:Conducted between February and June 2011,the study combined a questionnaire(n=300;CI=95%;error margin=5%)and focus group discussions(FGds)in 10 villages in the denpasar,Gianyar,and Karangasem *** questionnaire included a Likert scale to assess community knowledge and *** the knowledge assessment,three points were given for a correct answer,while wrong answers and uncertain answers were given zero *** the attitudes assessment,three points were given for a positive answer,two points for a neutral answer,and one point for a negative *** knowledge was categorized as good(score>40),fair(score 20–40),or poor(scored on a maximum total score *** attitudes were categorized as positive(score>26),neutral(score 13–26),or negative(scored on a maximum total score of ***-gender FGds in each sub-village(banjar)were conducted,each involving 7–15 participants to complement the questionnaire *** a follow-up research trip in mid-2013,the data analysis was triangulated and validated using semi-structured *** data were analyzed descriptively using SPSS 17.0,while qualitative data from interviews and FGds were analyzed manually according to accepted methods of coding and memo *** chi-square test was then used to analyze the statistical rel

关键词： Bali Rabies Sociocultural KAPs Community-driven activities

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肝硬化胃食管静脉曲张与曲张破裂出血的治疗和预防

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影像诊断与介入放射学 2010年第5期19卷 299-307页

作者： Guadalupe Garcia-Tsao Arun J.Sanyal Norman d.grace William Carey 范文哲陈斌向贤宏黄勇慧杨建勇 the Practice Guidelines Committee of the American Association for the Study of Liver diseases the Practice Parameters Committee of the American College of Gastroenterology 中山大学附属第一医院介入放射科广州510080

这份指南已经被美围肝病学会和美国胃食管医师协会所认可，体现了两个协会对胃底食管静脉曲张与曲张破裂出血的治疗和预防的观点：

关键词：胃食管静脉曲张破裂出血预防治疗肝硬化胃底食管静脉曲张医师协会肝病学会

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dextran sulfate sodium-induced acute colitis impairs dermal lymphatic function in mice

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第45期21卷 12767-12777页

作者： Germaine d Agollah grace Wu Ho-Lan Peng Sunkuk Kwon Center for Molecular Imaging The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine The University of Texas Health Science Center The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Houston The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health

AIM: To investigate whether dermal lymphatic function and architecture are systemically altered in dextran sulfate sodium(dSS)-induced acute ***: Balb/c mice were administered 4% dSS in lieu of drinking water ad libitum for 7 d and monitored to assess disease activity including body weight, diarrhea severity, and fecal bleeding. Control mice received standard drinking water with no dSS. Changes in mesenteric lymphatics were assessed following oral administration of a fluorescently-labelled fatty acid analogue, while dermal lymphatic function and architecture was longitudinally characterized using dynamic near-infrared fluorescence(NIRF) imaging following intradermal injection of indocyanine green(ICG) at the base of the tail or to the dorsal aspect of the left paw prior to, 4, and 7 d after dSSadministration. We also measured dye clearance rate after injection of Alexa680-bovine serum albumin(BSA). NIRF imaging data was analyzed to reveal lymphatic contractile activity after selecting fixed regions of interest(ROIs) of the same size in fluorescent lymphatic vessels on fluorescence images. The averaged fluorescence intensity within the ROI of each fluorescence image was plotted as a function of imaging time and the lymphatic contraction frequency was computed by assessing the number of fluorescent pulses arriving at a ROI. RESULTS: Mice treated with dSS developed acute inflammation with clinical symptoms of loss of body weight, loose feces/watery diarrhea, and fecal blood, all of which were aggravated as disease progressed to 7 d. Histological examination of colons of dSS-treated mice confirmed acute inflammation, characterized by segmental to complete loss of colonic mucosa with an associated chronic inflammatory cell infiltrate that extended into the deeper layers of the wall of the colon, compared to control mice. In situ intravital imaging revealed that mice with acute colitis showed significantly fewer fluorescent mesenteric lymphatic vessels, indica

关键词： dextran sulfate sodium Colitis Lymphatic system In

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Stimuli-Responsive Organic Phase Change Materials:Molecular designs and Applications in Energy Storage

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Accounts of Materials Research 2022年第6期3卷 634-643页

作者： My Le grace G.d.Han department of Chemistry Brandeis UniversityWalthamMassachusetts 02453United States

Achieving a stable latent heat storage over a wide temperature range and a long period of time as well as accomplishing a controlled heat release from conventional phase change materials have remained prominent challenges in thermal energy *** the conventional phase change materials have the fixed phase transition temperatures under the standard ambient pressure,the latent heat storage is only viable at temperatures higher than their melting and crystallization *** the latent heat is stored in the liquid phase of materials,it is imperative to maintain the temperature of the system above its crystallization point to prolong the heat *** the continuous energy input or extensive insulation,the crystallization of liquid occurs spontaneously,leading to the loss of latent heat and a short heat storage ***,there exists a critical need to develop methods that enable the control over the phase transition of materials,unrestricted by the temperature of the *** successful development of such methods and materials in recent years has been viable through the incorporation of molecular switches that respond to external stimuli,notably light,electrochemical bias,and ions,by reversible structural *** have discovered novel functional organic material systems that exhibit solid-to-liquid phase transitions controlled by optical and electrical stimulation,along with other research *** development and optimization of such materials are enabled by the judicious molecular designs and *** this Account,we will introduce the cutting-edge design principles of controllable phase change materials that have demonstrated the storage of thermal energy for up to a couple of months without crystallization over a wide temperature range,from subzero to over 100℃,which addresses the major weakness of conventional phase change *** particular,materials that are controlled by solar irradiation and compounds that exhibit sub

关键词： crystallization latent Storage

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Addition of collagen type I in agarose created a dose-dependent effect on matrix production in engineered cartilage

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Regenerative Biomaterials 2022年第1期9卷 704-709页

作者： Gabriel R.López-Marcial Keerthana Elango grace d.O’Connell department of Mechanical Engineering University of California-Berkeley6141 Etcheverry HallBerkeley CA 94720USA department of Orthopaedic Surgery University of California-San Francisco500 Parnassus Ave MU-320WSan Francisco CA 94143USA

Extracellular-matrix composition impacts mechanical performance in native and engineered *** studies showed collagen typeⅠ-agarose blends increased cell-matrix interactions and extracellular matrix ***,long-term impacts on protein production and mechanical properties of engineered cartilage are *** objective was to characterize the effect of collagen type I on the matrix production of chondrocytes embedded in agarose *** hypothesized that the addition of collagen would improve longterm mechanical properties and matrix production(*** and glycosaminoglycans)through increased *** hydrogels(2%w/v)were mixed with varying concentrations of collagen typeⅠ(0,2 and 5 mg/ml).Juvenile bovine chondrocytes were added to the hydrogels to assess matrix production over 4 weeks through biochemical assays,and mechanical properties were assessed through unconfined *** observed a dose-dependent effect on cell bioactivity,where 2 mg/ml of collagen improved bioactivity,but 5 mg/ml had a negative impact on *** resulted in a higher modulus for scaffolds supplemented with lower collagen concentration as compared to the higher collagen concentration,but not when compared to the *** conclusion,the addition of collagen to agarose constructs provided a dose-dependent impact on improving glycosaminoglycan production but did not improve collagen production or compressive mechanics.

关键词： hydrogel tissue engineering composition agarose-collagen matrix mechanics

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Intensity-curvature functional based digital high pass filter of the bivariate cubic B-spline model polynomial function

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Visual Computing for Industry,Biomedicine,and Art 2019年第1期2卷 75-92页

作者： Carlo Ciulla grace Agyapong Faculty of Information Systems VisualizationMultimediaand AnimationUniversity of Information Science and TechnologySt.Paul the ApostlePartizanska B.B.Ohrid 6000Republic of North Macedonia Faculty of Communication Networks and Security University of Information Science and TechnologySt.Paul the ApostlePartizanska B.B.Ohrid 6000Republic of North Macedonia

This research addresses the design of intensity-curvature functional(ICF)based digital high pass filter(HPF).ICF is calculated from bivariate cubic B-spline model polynomial function and is called ICF-based *** order to calculate ICF,the model function needs to be second order differentiable and to have non-null classic-curvature calculated at the origin(0,0)of the pixel coordinate *** theoretical basis of this research is called intensitycurvature *** concept envisions to replace signal intensity with the product between signal intensity and sum of second order partial derivatives of the model *** of the concept in two-dimensions(2d)makes it possible to calculate the ICF of an *** treatise is presented to demonstrate the hypothesis that ICF is HPF *** evidence then validates the assumption and also extends the comparison between ICF-based HPF and ten different HPFs among which is traditional HPF and particle swarm optimization(PSO)based *** comparison of image space and k-space magnitude,results indicate that HPFs behave *** HPF filtering and ICF-based filtering are superior to PSO-based *** filtered with traditional HPF are sharper than images filtered with ICF-based *** contribution of this research can be summarized as follows:(1)Math description of the constraints that ICF need to obey to in order to function as HPF;(2)Math of ICF-based HPF of bivariate cubic B-spline;(3)Image space comparisons between HPFs;(4)K-space magnitude comparisons between *** research provides confirmation on the math procedure to use in order to design 2d HPF from a model bivariate polynomial function.

关键词： Intensity-curvature functional High pass filter B-spline Particle swarm optimization K-space

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Analytical and Observational Investigation of Colors Effects on drag Reduction in Penguins

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2022年第4期19卷 1036-1053页

作者： grace Tenorio Anna Zagrai William Allen Mostafa Hassanalian department of Mechanical Engineering New Mexico TechSocorroNM87801USA Cottonwood Valley Charter School SocorroNM87801USA depertment of Biosciences Swansea UniversitySwanseaSA28PPUK

All 18 extant species of penguin are strongly countershaded,having dark dorsal and light ventral *** this paper,the thermal effects of this body color in penguins are investigated through analytical and observational ***,a thermal analysis that takes into account the environmental characteristics of penguins’habitats,fluxes,and morphology is used to analytically calculate penguin dorsal surface ***,a turbulent analytical solution for a heated boundary layer over a flat plate is applied to show that the dark color on the top of the penguins’bodies is very effective at skin drag *** verify this result,a 2d model penguin is computationally analyzed at different temperatures,confirming in principle underwater skin drag reduction through color-based surface warming with efficiency savings of up to 30%.Finally,to study how color-based increases in body surface temperatures are maintained through foraging dives,thermal cameras are used to measure the surface temperature of captive penguins before and after *** study shows conceptually that dark dorsal coloration in penguins could have a significant influence on in-water drag.

关键词： Animal coloration drag Energy balance Irradiation Penguin Thermal imaging Skin friction

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Nonlinear terahertz metamaterial perfect absorbers using GaAs[Invited]

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Photonics Research 2016年第3期4卷 16-21页

作者： Xiaoguang Zhao Jingdi Zhang Kebin Fan Guangwu duan grace d.Metcalfe Michael Wraback Xin Zhang Richard d.Averitt department of Mechanical Engineering Boston University department of Physics University of California Army Research Laboratory

We investigate the nonlinear response of terahertz(THz) metamaterial perfect absorbers consisting of electric split ring resonators on GaAs integrated with a polyimide spacer and gold ground plane. These perfect absorbers on bulk semi-insulating GaAs are characterized using high-field THz time-domain spectroscopy. The resonance frequency redshifts 20 GHz and the absorbance is reduced by 30% as the incident peak field is increased from 30 to 300 kV/cm. The nonlinear response arises from THz field driven interband transitions and intervalley scattering in the GaAs. To eliminate the Fresnel losses from the GaAs substrate, we design and fabricate a flexible metamaterial saturable perfect absorber. The ability to create nonlinear absorbers enables appealing applications such as optical limiting and self-focusing.

关键词： GaAs In Nonlinear terahertz metamaterial perfect absorbers using GaAs[Invited THz

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Relating estimates of wood properties of birch to stem form, age and species

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第3期35卷 1-11页

作者： grace Jones Maria Ulan Mateusz Liziniewicz Johan Lindeberg Stergios Adamopoulos Teagasc Forestry development department Ashtown Research CentreDublin 15 D15DY05Ireland Research Institutes of Sweden(RISE) GoteborgSweden The Forest Research Institute of Sweden(Skogforsk) Ekebo 225026890SvalovSweden department of Forestry and Wood Technology Linnaeus University35195VaxjoSweden department of Forest Biomaterials and Technology Swedish University of Agricultural SciencesBox 700875007 UppsalaSweden

Birch has long suffered from a lack of active forest management,leading many researchers to use mate-rial without a detailed management *** collected from three birch(Betula pendula Roth,*** Ehrh.)sites in southern Sweden were analyzed using regression analysis to detect any trends or differences in wood proper-ties that could be explained by stand history,tree age and stem *** sites were genetics trials established in the same *** of acoustic velocity(AV)from non-destructive testing(NdT)and predicted AV had a higher correlation if data was pooled across sites and other stem form factors were considered.A subsample of stems had radial profiles of X-ray wood density and ring width by year created,and wood density was related to ring number from the pith and ring *** seemed likely that wood density was negatively related to ring width for both birch *** models had slight improvements if site and species were included,but only the youngest site with trees at age 15 had both birch *** paper indicated that NdT values need to be considered separately,and any predictive models will likely be improved if they are specific to the site and birch species measured.

关键词： Acoustic velocity Non-destructive testing Predictive models Regression analysis Wood density

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Management of gastroesophageal reflux disease: Patient and physician communication challenges and shared decision making

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2018年第15期6卷 892-900页

作者： Scott Klenzak Igor danelisen grace d Brannan Melissa A Holland Miranda AL van Tilburg department of Psychiatry Cape Fear Valley Health System School of Osteopathic Medicine Campbell University College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences Campbell University division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology School of Medicine University of North Carolina University of Washington

Gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERd) is a common upper esophageal condition and typical symptoms can include heartburn and sensation of regurgitation while atypical symptoms include chronic cough, asthma, hoarseness, dyspepsia and nausea. Typically, diag-nosis is presumptive given the presence of typical and atypical symptoms and is an indication for empiric therapy. Treatment management can include lifestyle modifications and/or medication therapy with proton pump inhibitor(PPI) class being the preferred and most effective. Complete symptom resolution is not always achieved and long-term PPI therapy can put patients at risk for serious side effects and needless expense. The brain-gut connection and hypervigilance plays an important role in symptom resolution and treatment success, especially in the case of non-PPI responders. Hypervigilance is a combination of increased esophageal sensory sensitivity in combination with exaggerated threat perception surrounding esophageal symptoms. Hypervigilance requires a different approach to GERd managements, where continued PPI therapy and surgery are usually not recommended. Rather, helping physicians and patients understand the brain-gut connection can guide and improve *** and reassurance should be the main pillars or treatment. However, it is important not to suggest the symptoms are due to anxiety alone, this often leads to patient dissatisfaction. Patient dissatisfaction with treatment reveals the need for a more patient-centered approach to GERd management and better communication between patients and providers. Shared decision making(SdM) with the incorporation of patient-reported outcomes(PRO) promotes patient adherence and satisfaction. SdM is a joint discussion between clinician and patient in which a mutually shared solution is explored for GERd symptoms. For SdM to work the physician needs to capture patients' perceptions which may not be obtained in the standard interview. This can be done through the

关键词： Gastroesophageal reflux disease Psychosocial Patient-physician communication Shared decision making Patient-reported outcomes Patient satisfaction

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