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Myxomycete diversity in the Tarim basin and eastern Tian-Shan,Xinjiang Prov.,China

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Fungal diversity 2013年第2期59卷 91-108页

作者： martin Schnittler Yuri K.Novozhilov Eva Carvajal Frederick w.Spiegel Institute of Botany and Landscape Ecology Ernst Moritz Arndt University GreifswaldGrimmer Str.8817487 GreifswaldGermany V.L.Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences Prof.Popov St.2197376 St.PetersburgRussia Royal Botanic Garden(CSIC) Plaza de Murillo2Madrid 28014Spain department of Biological Sciences University of ArkansasSCEN 6011FayettevilleAR 72701USA

we report the results of a survey for myxomycetes in the Chinese province of Xinjiang,covering the northern part of the Tarim basin and the eastern Tian-Shan *** in the hyperarid Tarim basin focused on monospecific Tugai forests;these are park-like stands of the phreatophyte Populus *** a transect from the Tarim basin to the mountains,trees vanish outside the basin,but reoccur at ca.1,400 m elevation as monospecific forests of Picea schrenkiana;the second focal area of the *** a total of 362 substrate samples(245 from the Tarim basin,177 from the mountains)we obtained 477 determinable records of myxomycetes,plus a total of 206 field collections,the latter almost exclusively from the spruce forests in the *** the 80 taxa recorded 53 are represented by field collections,and 32 were found in moist chamber cultures;with a very low overlap in species assemblages found in the field and in *** receiving less than 50 mm annual precipitation,corticolous myxomycetes were common in the Tugai forests,with Physarum pseudonotabile ***.,didymium anellus,Echinostelium colliculosum and Protophysarum phloiogenum as the most common *** to the Tarim basin(21 taxa)the mountains were much richer in myxomycetes(75 taxa),although the diversity recovered from cultures was comparable(21 vs.28 taxa).Most species from the mountains fruited on decaying spruce,often collected under or even inside the logs due to the extremely dry *** results suggest first that there is no lower limit of annual precipitation for myxomycetes,as long as at least some days with nightly dew fall allow these organisms to complete their life ***,the two examples of surprisingly diverse myxomycete assemblages from monospecific forests demonstrate,that species richness of this group is not necessarily connected with plant diversity of the *** survey is the most eastern of a large-scale study of myxomycete diversity throughout M

关键词： Amoebozoa distribution Moist chamber culture Myxogastria Plasmodial slime molds

Measurement and modelization of VLE of binary mixtures of propyl acetate,butyl acetate or isobutyl acetate with methanol at pressure of 0.6 MPa

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2016年第5期24卷 630-637页

作者： P.Susial d.Garcia R.Susial Y.C.Clavijo A.martin Escuela de lngenierias lndustriales y Civiles Universidad de Los Palmos de Cran Canafia35017 Los Palmos de Gran CanariaCanary IslandsSpain dept.lngenieria Qufmica y Tecnologia del Medio Ambiente Universidad de Valladolid.47071 ValladolidSpain

The vapor-liquid equilibrium of binary mixtures of propyl acetate, butyl acetate and isobutyl acetate with meth- anol has been determined at a constant pressure of 0.6 MPa. Results have been modeled with the Peng-Robinson equation, a traditional cubic equation of state widely employed in chemical industries, as well as with the perturbed-chain statistical associating fluid PC-SAFT theory of Gross-Sadowski. By correlation of the binary inter- action parameters of these equations, the measured vapor-liquid equilibrium data can be accurately predicted. Thus, this work shows that these models are able to represent the experimental data for systems with associating comoounds via hydrogen bonding.

关键词： VLE isobaric data Propyl acetate Butyl acetate lsobutyl acetate MethanolEOS

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Evaluating alternative stem cell hypotheses for adult corneal epithelial maintenance

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world Journal of Stem Cells 2015年第2期7卷 281-299页

作者： John d west Natalie J dorà J martin Collinson Genes and development Group Centre for Integrative PhysiologyCollege of Medicine and Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Edinburgh Institute of Medical Sciences School of Medical SciencesCollege of Life Sciences and MedicineForesterhillUniversity of Aberdeen

In this review we evaluate evidence for three different hypotheses that explain how the corneal epithelium is maintained. The limbal epithelial stem cell(LESC)hypothesis is most widely accepted. This proposes that stem cells in the basal layer of the limbal epithelium, at the periphery of the cornea, maintain themselves and also produce transient(or transit) amplifying cells(TACs). TACs then move centripetally to the centre of the cornea in the basal layer of the corneal epithelium and also replenish cells in the overlying suprabasal layers. The LESCs maintain the corneal epithelium during normal homeostasis and become more active to repair significant wounds. Second, the corneal epithelial stem cell(CESC) hypothesis postulates that, during normal homeostasis, stem cells distributed throughout the basal corneal epithelium, maintain the tissue. According to this hypothesis, LESCs are present in the limbus but are only active during wound healing. we also consider a third possibility, that the corneal epithelium is maintained during normal homeostasis by proliferation of basal corneal epithelial cells without any input from stem cells. After reviewing the published evidence, we conclude that the LESC and CESC hypotheses are consistent with more of the evidence than the third hypothesis, so we do not consider this further. The LESC and CESC hypotheses each have difficulty accounting for one main type of evidence so we evaluate the two key lines of evidence that discriminate between them. Finally, we discuss how lineage-tracing experiments have begun to resolve the debate in favour of the LESC hypothesis. Nevertheless, it also seems likely that some basal corneal epithelial cells can act as long-term progenitors if limbal stem cell function is compromised. Thus, this aspect of the CESC hypothesis may have a lasting impact on our understanding of corneal epithelial maintenance, even if it is eventually shown that stem cells are restricted to the limbus as proposed by the

关键词： Eye Cornea Corneal epithelium Limbalepithelium Stem cell Lineage tracing

developing Extensible Lattice-Boltzmann Simulators for General-Purpose Graphics-Processing Units

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Communications in Computational Physics 2013年第3期13卷 867-879页

作者： Stuart d.C.walsh martin O.Saar Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory LivermoreCaliforniaUSA department of Earth Sciences University of MinnesotaMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA

Lattice-Boltzmann methods are versatile numerical modeling techniques capable of reproducing a wide variety of fluid-mechanical *** methods are well suited to parallel implementation,particularly on the single-instruction multiple data(SIMd)parallel processing environments found in computer graphics processing units(GPUs).Although recent programming tools dramatically improve the ease with which GPUbased applications can be written,the programming environment still lacks the flexibility available to more traditional CPU *** particular,it may be difficult to develop modular and extensible programs that require variable on-device functionality with current GPU *** paper describes a process of automatic code generation that overcomes these difficulties for lattice-Boltzmann *** details the development of GPU-based modules for an extensible lattice-Boltzmann simulation *** performance of the automatically generated code is compared to equivalent purpose written codes for both single-phase,multiphase,and multicomponent *** flexibility of the new method is demonstrated by simulating a rising,dissolving droplet moving through a porous medium with user generated lattice-Boltzmann models and subroutines.

关键词： Lattice-Boltzmann methods graphics processing units computational fluid dynamics

Systematic review and meta-analysis: Comparing hepatocellular and cholestatic patterns of drug-induced liver injury

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iLIVER 2023年第2期2卷 122-129页

作者： Georgia Zeng Guy d.Eslick martin weltman department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Nepean HospitalKingswoodAustralia Nepean Clinical School University of SydneyKingswoodAustralia NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in digestive Health Hunter Medical Research InstituteThe University of NewcastleNewcastleAustralia

Background and aims:drug-induced liver injury(dILI)is a leading cause of death from acute liver failure(ALF).Hy's law warns that a hepatocellular pattern of injury accompanied by jaundice and normal alkaline phosphatase(ALP)levels is associated with a 10%or greater chance of progression to transplant or liver-related *** meta-analysis of dILI studies evaluates acute and chronic outcomes of dILI according to clinical pattern of ***:we conducted a systematic search using electronic databases PubMed and EMBASE through to 8 March *** primary outcome was to compare acute outcomes including ALF,liver-related death,and liver transplant between patients experiencing hepatocellular,cholestatic,and mixed patterns of *** secondary outcome was to compare the rate of dILI chronicity between patients of these three differing patterns of *** odds ratios(ORs)and 95%confidence intervals(CIs)were calculated using a random-effects ***:Overall,12 studies comprising 4290 patients were *** with cholestatic dILI demonstrated similar rates of ALF(OR:0.80,95%CI:0.46–1.40,p=0.429)and liver-related death(OR:0.92,95%CI:0.50–1.69,p=0.792)compared to patients with hepatocellular *** with cholestatic dILI were significantly more likely to experience chronicity compared to patients with hepatocellular dILI(OR:2.53,95%CI:1.34–4.79,p=0.004).

关键词： drug-induced liver injury Idiosyncratic hepatotoxicity Acute liver failure Liver-related death Meta-analysis

Abiotic predictors of fine sediment accumulation in lowland rivers

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2022年第1期37卷 128-137页

作者： Morwenn McKenzie Judy England Ian d.L.Foster martin A.wilkes Geography and Environment Loughborough University Centre for Agroecology Water & Resilience Coventry University Research Environment Agency Howbery Park Environmental and Geographical Sciences University of Northampton Learning Hub University Drive Geography department Rhodes University

The delivery of excessive fine sediment (particles<2 mm in diameter) to rivers can cause serious deleterious effects to aquatic ecosystems and is widely acknowledged to be one of the leading contributors to the degrad... 详细信息

The delivery of excessive fine sediment (particlesdiameter) to rivers can cause serious deleterious effects to aquatic ecosystems and is widely acknowledged to be one of the leading contributors to the degradation of rivers *** advances in using biological methods as a proxy,physical measures remain an important method through which fine sediment can be *** aim of this study was to provide further insights into the environmental variables controlling sediment accumulation in lowland gravel bed *** sampled 21 sites,during spring and autumn,selected to cover a gradient of excess fine *** sediment was sampled using a range of methods including visual assessments,the disturbance method,and suspended sediment concentrations.A range of abiotic predictors was measured during sampling,and hydrological and antecedent flow indices were derived from local flow gauging station *** results show reach scale visual estimates of fine sediment to be significantly and highly correlated with fully quantitative estimates of total surface *** regression analysis showed that flow variables (regime,antecedent,and local flow characteristics)were strong predictors of deposited sediment metrics but poor predictors of suspended *** content was shown to be relatively independent of total sediment quantity and is likely driven by other factors which influence the supply and breakdown of organic matter.

关键词： deposited sediment Suspended sediment Visual assessments disturbance Sediment sampling

Physical activity and chronic back conditions:A population-based pooled study of 60,134 adults

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2019年第4期8卷 386-393页

作者： Hosam Alzahrani debra Shirley Sonia w.M.Cheng martin Mackey Emmanuel Stamatakis discipline of Physiotherapy Faculty of Health SciencesThe University of SydneySydneyNSW 2006Australia Physiotherapy department College of Applied Medical ScienceTaif UniversityTaif21974Saudi Arabia Charles Perkins Centre Prevention Research CollaborationSchool of Public HealthThe University of SydneySydneyNSW 2006Australia

Background:Little is known about the association between different types of physical activity(PA)and chronic back conditions(CBCs)at the population *** investigated the association between levels of total and type-specific PA participation and ***'.The sample comprised 60,134 adults aged>16 years who participated in the Health Survey for England and Scottish Health Survey from 1994 to *** logistic regression models,adjusted for potential confbunders,were used to examine the association between total and type-specific PA volume(walking,domestic activity,sport/exercise,cycling,football/rugby,running/jogging,manual work,and housework)and the prevalence of ***'.we found an inverse association between total PA volume and prevalence of *** with inactive participants,the fully adjusted odds ratio(OR)for very active participants(≥15 metabolic equivalent h/week)was 0.77(95%confidence interval(CI):0.69—0.85).Participants reporting≥300 min/week of moderate-intensity activity and≥75 min/week of vigorous-intensity activity had 24%(95%CI:6%—39%)and 21%(95%C1:11%—30%)lower odds of CBCs,*** odds of CBCs were observed for participation in high-level manual domestic activity(OR=1.22;95%CI:1.00-1.48).Sport/exercise was associated with CBCs in a less consistent manner(e.g.,OR=1.18(95%CI:1.06—1.32)for low levels and OR=0.82(95%CI:0.72—0.93)for high levels of sport/exercise).Conclusion'.PA volume is inversely associated with the prevalence of CBCs.

关键词： Activity Chronic low back pain Chronic musculoskeletal conditions Epidemiology Exercise

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In vitro and in vivo application of RNA interference for targeting genes involved in peritrophic matrix synthesis in a lepidopteran system

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Insect Science 2013年第1期20卷 92-100页

作者： Umut Toprak doug Baldwin martin Erlandson Cedric Gillott Stephanie Harris dwayne d. Hegedus Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Ottawa Ontario Canada department of Biology University of Saskatchewan Canada department of Plant Protection Faculty of Agriculture University of Ankara Turkey department of Food and Bioproduct Sciences University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon SK Canada

The midgut of most insects is lined with a semipermeable acellular tube, the peritrophic matrix （PM）, composed of chitin and proteins. Although various genes encoding PM proteins have been characterized, our understanding of their roles in PM structure and function is very limited. One promising approach for obtaining functional information is RNA interference, which has been used to reduce the levels of specific mRNAs using double-stranded RNAs administered to larvae by either injection or feeding. Although this method is well documented in dipterans and coleopterans, reports of its success in lepidopterans are varied. In the current study, the silencing midgut genes encoding PM proteins （insect intestinal mucin 1, insect intestinal mucin 4, PM protein 1） and the chitin biosynthetic or modifying enzymes （chitin synthase-B and chitin deacetylase 1） in a noctuid lepidopteran, Mamestra configurata, was examined in vitro and in vivo. In vitro studies in primary midgut epithelial cell preparations revealed an acute and rapid silencing （by 24 h） for the gene encoding chitin deacetylase 1 and a slower rate of silencing （by 72 h） for the gene encoding PM protein 1. Genes encoding insect intestinal mucins were slightly silenced by 72 h, whereas no silencing was detected for the gene encoding chitin synthase-B. In vivo experiments focused on chitin deacetylase 1, as the gene was silenced to the greatest extent in vitro. Continuous feeding of neonates and fourth instar larvae with double-stranded RNA resulted in silencing of chitin deacetylase 1 by 24 and 36 h, respectively. Feeding a single dose to neonates also resulted in silencing by 24 h. The current study demonstrates that genes encoding PM proteins can be silenced and outlines conditions for RNA interference by per os feeding in lepidopterans.

关键词： chitin deacetylase chitin synthase-B lepidoptera peritrophic matrix,peritrophin RNA interference

Lattice-Boltzmann simulations for analysing the detachment of micron-sized spherical particles from surfaces with large-scale roughness structures

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Particuology 2022年第2期20卷 47-59页

作者： Yan Cui martin Sommerfeld School of Mechanical Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074HubeiChina Multiphase Flow Systems Institute of Process EngineeringOtto-von-Guericke-University MagdeburgHoher Weg 7bD-06120 Halle(Saale)Germany

Fully resolved numerical simulations of a micron-sized spherical particle residing on a surface with large-scale roughness are performed by using the Lattice-Boltzmann *** aim is to investigate the influence of surface roughness on the detachment of fine drug particles from larger carrier particles for transporting fine drug particles in a dPI(dry powder inhaler).Often the carrier surface is modified by mechanical treatments for modifying the surface roughness in order to reduce the adhesion force of drug ***,drug particle removal from the carrier surface is equivalent to the detachment of a sphere from a rough plane *** a sphere with a diameter of 5μm at a particle Reynolds number of 1.0,3.5 and 10 are *** surface roughness is described as regularly spaced semi-cylindrical asperities(with the axes oriented normal to the flow direction)on a smooth *** influence of asperity distance and size ratio(*** radius of the semi-cylinder to the particle radius,Rc/Rd)on particle adhesion and detachment are *** asperity distance is varied in the range 1.2dd the semi-cylinder radius between 0.5dd particle resolution and domain size are appropriately selected based on numerical studies,and a parametric analysis is performed to investigate the relationship between the contact distance(*** the distance between the particle contact points on two neighbouring semi-cylinders),the asperity distance,the size ratio,and the height of the particle centroid from the plane *** drag,lift and torque acting on the spherical particle are measured for different particle Reynolds numbers,asperity distances and sizes or *** detachment of particles from rough surfaces can occur through lift-off,sliding and rolling,and the corresponding detachment models are constructed for the case of rough *** studies will be the basis for developing Lagrangian detachment models that eventual

关键词： Lattice-Boltzmann method Fully-resolved simulations Particle detachment Surface roughness Semi-cylindrical asperities Particle detachment model