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A phylogenetic census of global diversity of gut anaerobic fungiand a new taxonomic framework

Fungal diversity 2018年第2期89卷 253-266页

作者： Shyam Sundar Paul dengpan Bu Jianchu Xu Kevin d.Hyde Zhongtang Yu department of Animal Sciences The Ohio State University2029 Fyffe CourtColumbusOH 43210USA ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes Sirsa RoadHisarHaryana 125001India State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Institute of Animal ScienceChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100193China CAAS-ICRAF Joint Lab on Agroforestry and Sustainable Animal Husbandry World Agroforestry CentreEast and Central AsiaBeijing 100193China Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety CICAPSChangsha 410128China Kunming Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201China Center of Excellence in Fungal diversity Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand

Obligate anaerobic fungi of the phylum Neocallimastigomycota play a key role in digesting fibrous feeds in the gut ofherbivores, but little is known about their global diversity. In this study, the collective diversity of gut anaerobic fungi wasexamined using all curated internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) sequences of anaerobic gut fungi available in *** 262,770 quality-checked fungal ITS1 sequences downloaded from GenBank were assigned to 274 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) at the approximate species level. Of these approximate species-equivalent (Sp-eq) OTUs, 119 wererepresented by at least five ITS1 sequences, with 38 containing known species and 81 containing no known species. Basedon a rarefaction analysis, the currently available ITS1 sequences represent nearly all the major species of gut anaerobicfungi, but much more sequencing effort is needed to assess the actual richness of minor OTUs. One dataset of ITS1reference sequences (referred to as AF-RefSeq) and one comprehensive taxonomic framework are also presented, and theyare shown to be suitable for taxonomic classification of most of the ITS1 sequences in GenBank. The results of the presentstudy may help guide future studies involving taxonomic and phylogenetic analysis of ITS1 sequences of anaerobic fungiand targeted isolation and characterization of new anaerobic fungi.

关键词： Anaerobic fungi Global diversity ITS1 sequences Rumen Taxonomic framework

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GMAW焊接过程监测Kohonen神经网络系统

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机械工程学报 2002年第1期38卷 131-134页

作者：武传松 Polte T Rehfeldt d 山东大学连接技术研究所济南250061 德国汉诺威大学

实时测量熔化极气体保护焊（ＧＭＡＷ）焊接过程中的电参数，研制自组织特征映射神经网络（Ｋｏｈｏｎｅｎ神经网络），直接依据不同焊接工艺条件下焊接电压的概率密度分布曲线（ＰＤＤ）以及短路过渡时间的频数分布曲线（ＣＦＤ），自... 详细信息

实时测量熔化极气体保护焊（ＧＭＡＷ）焊接过程中的电参数，研制自组织特征映射神经网络（Ｋｏｈｏｎｅｎ神经网络），直接依据不同焊接工艺条件下焊接电压的概率密度分布曲线（ＰＤＤ）以及短路过渡时间的频数分布曲线（ＣＦＤ），自动识别出焊接过程中的各种干扰信号。

关键词：过程监测神经网络熔化极气体保护焊焊接自动化

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Hierarchical approach for ripeness grading of mangoes

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Artificial Intelligence in Agriculture 2020年第1期4卷 243-252页

作者： Anitha Raghavendra d.S.Guru Mahesh K.Rao R.Sumithra Maharaja Institute of Technology Mysore BelawadiS.R.Patna TalukMandya 571477India department of Studies in Computer Science ManasagangothriUniversity of MysoreMysore 570006India

Grading of fruits based on their ripeness has been a topic of research for the last two *** the ripened mangoes has become more of an art than science and is a challenging *** study aims at introducing a system to grademangoes with four classes based on their *** study was demonstrated through an extensive experimentation on a newly created dataset consisting of 981 images of Alphonsomango variety belonging to four classes viz.,under-ripen,perfectly ripen,over-ripen with internal defects and over-ripen without internal *** this study,a hierarchical approach was adopted to classify the mangoes into the four *** each stage of classification,L*a*b color space features were *** the purpose of classification at each stage,a number of classifiers and their possible combinationswere tried *** study revealed that,the Support VectorMachine(SVM)classifier works better for classifyingmangoes into under-ripen,perfectly ripen and overripen while the thresholding classifier has a superior classification performance on over-ripen with internal defects and over-ripen without internal ***,to bring out the superiority of the hierarchical approach,a conventional single shot multi-class classification approach with SVMwas also *** results of the experimentation demonstrated that the hierarchical method with an accuracy of 88%outperforms the counterpart conventional single shot multi-class classification approach in addition to several existing contemporary models.

关键词： Alphonso mango L*a*b color space Threshold based classifier Support vector machine

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Evaluation of the Cr(VI) and other toxic element contamination and their potential sources:The case of the Thiva basin(Greece)

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Geoscience Frontiers 2012年第4期3卷 523-539页

作者： M.Economou-Eliopoulos d.Antivachi Ch.Vasilatos I.Megremi department of Geology & Geoenvironment Section of Economic Geology & Geochemistry.University of AthensPanepistimiopolisAthens 15784Greece

An integrated approach was performed on the soil, plant-crops and groundwater system at the Thiva basin, to evaluate the extent and intensity of the heavy metal contamination, the percentage of metals transferred into plants/crops （bio-accumulation） and the potential sources of contamination. Heavy metal contents （230--310 Cr, 1200--2200 Ni, 50--80 Co, 880--1150 Mn and 44,500--66,200 Fe all in ppm ） in the Thiva soils are higher than those in the Assopos basin. An increasing trend in the heavy metal contents, from the Assopos to the Thiva basin （Mouriki）, indicates that the metal source is probably the Ni-laterites and ophiolites, located towards north. On the other hand, groundwater samples from domestic and irrigation wells throughout the Thiva basin exhibit relatively low （8--37 ppb） concentrations in Cr compared to the Assopos （up to 150 ppb）. The plots of Cr versus Mg/Ca, Mg/Na versus Ca/Na, B versus Si/（Si ＋ Na） and Mg/Si versus Ca/Si ratios revealed a low degree of salinization in the Thiva compared to that in the Assopos （Avlida） basin. The low Cr concentration （average 23 ppb, during dry period） in the Thiva wells may be related with their depth （〉120 m）, in contrast to shallow wells in the central Euboea （hundreds ppb Cr） and points to a solution of a crucial environmental problem in Euboea and Assopos basin by using the deep karst-type aquifer instead the shallow-Neogene one. The average Cr contents （dry weight） ranges from 1.7 to 4.6 ppm （average 2.2） in carrots, potatoes and onions. The percentage of soil metals Crto^i, Cr（Vl）, Ni, Mn and Fe ranges between 0.06 and 3.2 （average （/.53 ~ 0.4）, whilst that for Cu and Zn ranges from 16 to 81 （average 36 ~ 24）. The Cr transfer to plants is low, due to the high resistance of chromite （main host of Cr）, but the determined Cr contents in plant- crops in the Thiva basin are higher than normal or sufficient vahles. Although mininml uptake for growth and production for Cr, Ni, Zn and Cn is still lacking, fnrtherm

关键词： Cr(VI) Contamination Plants Groundwater Bio-accumulation Thiva

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Ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants used in the management of cancer and diabetes

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2020年第6期40卷 1007-1017页

作者： Garima Singh Ajit Kumar Passari Marcy d Momin Sakthivel Ravi Bhim Pratap Singh Nachimuthu Senthil Kumar department of Biotechnology Mizoram UniversityAizawl 796004India department of Botany Pachhunga University CollegeAizawl 796001India departamento de Biologia Molecular y Biotecnologia Instituto de Investigaciones BiomedicasUniversidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico(UNAM)Ciudad de Mexico-04510Mexico department of Agriculture&Environmental Sciences(AES) National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship&Management(NIFTEM)SonepatHaryanaIndia

OBJECTIVE:To conduct an ethnobotanical survey and document the traditional anticancer and antidiabetic plants used by the local tribes of Mizoram,Northeast ***:A systematic survey was conducted in rural and urban areas of Mizoram by interviewing traditional practitioners,and cancer and diabetes patients.A detailed literature search was carried out using MEdLINE and SCOPUS and available literatures were selected and included in the *** use value(UV)of the selected plants was calculated based on the number of citations per species given by ***:data was obtained for 201 traditional medicinal plants from Mizoram,Northeast *** plants were from 72 different families and belonged to 140 *** these,103 plants were reported for the first time as possessing either anticancer or antidiabetic potential,and 105 plants were identified that were used for the treatment of both *** plants(Phlogacanthus thysiformis,Solanum gilo and Lobelia angulata)with antidiabetic potential,and six plants(dillenia scabrella,Circium sinesis,Eupatorium nodiflorum,Pratia begonifolia,Vernonia teres and Plantago erosa)with both as anticancer and antidiabetic potential were documented for the first ***:In this study,we documented several explored and unexplored medicinal plants that may be useful for the management of cancer and *** study suggests that there is a broad scope fordeveloping potent anticancer and antidiabetic agent from the flora of Mizoram,Northeast India.

关键词： Plants medicinal Antineoplastic agents Hypoglycemic agents Ethanobotanical survey Traditional knowledge

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关于个体化和优化MdCT增强方案的一项多中心前瞻性研究：肝脏增强的结果

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国际医学放射学杂志 2022年第1期 116-117页

作者： F.Zanca H.G.Brat P.Pujadas d.Racine B.dufour d.Fournier 邱才新

摘要目的在一项纳入大样本病例的多中心研究中，确定一种个体化和优化的对比剂注射方案，以均一化和优化肝脏增强诊断水平。方法将692例接受了标准化多期肝脏CT

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直喷式柴油机燃用天然气燃料的研究

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大连理工大学学报 2000年第1期40卷 67-69页

作者：宋振寰 d.斯蒂芬大连理工大学动力工程系辽宁大连116024 瑞典查尔摩斯技术大学内燃机研究所

在直喷式柴油机上安装一个热面管以代替点火装置 ,气体燃料喷束经过热面管的加热面 ,在加热面处气体燃料获得热量达到自燃温度而着火 ,以着火点为中心点燃后续燃料空气混合气而扩散燃烧 .通过数学模拟和试验证实当热面温度高于 12 0 0 K... 详细信息

在直喷式柴油机上安装一个热面管以代替点火装置 ,气体燃料喷束经过热面管的加热面 ,在加热面处气体燃料获得热量达到自燃温度而着火 ,以着火点为中心点燃后续燃料空气混合气而扩散燃烧 .通过数学模拟和试验证实当热面温度高于 12 0 0 K时 ,天然气很易着火。

关键词：柴油机天然气直喷式燃料

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Eubiotic properties of rifaximin: disruption of the traditional concepts in gut microbiota modulation

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第25期23卷 4491-4499页

作者： Francesca Romana Ponziani Maria Assunta Zocco Francesca d’Aversa Maurizio Pompili Antonio Gasbarrini Internal Medicine Gastroenterology and Hepatology Division Agostino Gemelli Hospital

Antibiotics are usually prescribed to cure infections but they also have significant modulatory effects on the gut microbiota. Several alterations of the intestinal bacterial community have been reported during antibiotic treatment, including the reduction of beneficial bacteria as well as of microbial alpha-diversity. Although after the discontinuation of antibiotic therapies it has been observed a trend towards the restoration of the original condition, the new steady state is different from the previous one, as if antibiotics induced some kind of irreversible perturbation of the gut microbial community. The poorly absorbed antibiotic rifaximin seem to be different from the other antibiotics, because it exerts non-traditional effects additional to the bactericidal/bacteriostatic activity on the gut microbiota. Rifaximin is able to reduce bacterial virulence and translocation, has anti-inflammatory properties and has been demonstrated to positively modulate the gut microbial composition. Animal models, culture studies and metagenomic analyses have demonstrated an increase in Bifidobacterium, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Lactobacillus abundance after rifaximin treatment, probably consequent to the induction of bacterial resistance, with no major change in the overall gut microbiota composition. Antibiotics are therefore modulators of the symbiotic relationship between the host and the gut microbiota. Specific antibiotics, such as rifaximin, can also induce eubiotic changes in the intestinal ecosystem; this additional property may represent a therapeutic advantage in specific clinical settings.

关键词：肠的细菌抗菌素 Rifaximin 内脏 microbiota Eubiosis dysbiosis 毁坏 microbiota 调整

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An Evolutionary Approach to the delineation of Functional Areas Based on Travel-to-work Flows

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International Journal of Automation and computing 2008年第1期5卷 10-21页

作者： Francisco Flórez-Revuelta JoséManuel Casado-díaz Lucas Martínez-Bernabeu department of Computing Technology University of AlicanteP.O.Box 99E-03080AlicanteSpain Institute of International Economics University of AlicanteP.O.Box 99F-03080AlicanteSpain

This paper presents a new approach to the delineation of local labor markets based on evolutionary computation. The aim of the exercise is the division of a given territory into functional regions based on travel-to-work flows. Such regions are defined so that a high degree of inter-regional separation and of intra-regional integration in both cases in terms of commuting flows is guaranteed. Additional requirements include the absence of overlap between delineated regions and the exhaustive coverage of the whole territory. The procedure is based on the maximization of a fitness function that measures aggregate intra-region interaction under constraints of inter-region separation and minimum size. In the experimentation stage, two variations of the fitness function are used, and the process is also applied as a final stage for the optimization of the results from one of the most successful existing methods, which are used by the British authorities for the delineation of travel-to-work areas （TTWAs）. The empirical exercise is conducted using real data for a sufficiently large territory that is considered to be representative given the density and variety of travel-to-work patterns that it embraces. The paper includes the quantitative comparison with alternative traditional methods, the assessment of the performance of the set of operators which has been specifically designed to handle the regionalization problem and the evaluation of the convergence process. The robustness of the solutions, something crucial in a research and policy-making context, is also discussed in the paper.

关键词： Evolutionary computation regional science economics optimization methods

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Role of osteoprotegerin/receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B/receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand axis in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第19期24卷 2073-2082页

作者： Lucia Pacifico Gian Marco Andreoli Miriam d'Avanzo delia de Mitri Pasquale Pierimarchi Policlinico Umberto I Hospital Sapienza University of Rome Institute of Translational Pharmacology National Research Council

Concomitantly with the increase in the prevalences of overweight/obesity, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLd) has worldwide become the main cause of chronic liver disease in both adults and children. Patients with fatty liver display features of metabolic syndrome(Met S), like insulin resistance(IR), glucose intolerance, hypertension and dyslipidemia. Recently, epidemiological studies have linked obesity, Met S, and NAFLd to decreased bone mineral density and osteoporosis, highlighting an intricate interplay among bone, adipose tissue, and liver. Osteoprotegerin(OPG), an important symbol of the receptor activator of nuclear factor-B ligand/receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B/OPG system activation, typically considered for its role in bone metabolism, may also play critical roles in the initiation and perpetuation of obesityrelated comorbidities. Clinical data have indicated that OPG concentrations are associated with hypertension, left ventricular hypertrophy, vascular calcification, endothelial dysfunction, and severity of liver damage in chronic hepatitis C. Nonetheless, the relationship between circulating OPG and IR as a key feature of Met S as well as between OPG and NAFLd remains uncertain. Thus, the aims of the present review are to provide the existent knowledge on these associations and to discuss briefly the underlying mechanisms linking OPG and NAFLd.

关键词： Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Insulin resistance Metabolic syndrome Osteoprotegerin Receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B Receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand

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