检索结果-南通市图书馆

Preclinical and.clinical stud.es on cancer-associated.cachexia

Frontiers in Biology 2018年第1期13卷 11-18页

作者： d. brooke widner d. Clark Files Kathryn E. Weaver Yusuke Shiozawa d.partment of Cancer Biology and.Comprehensive Cancer Center Wake Forest School of Medicine Winston-Salem NC 27157 USA Internal Med.cine-Sections inPulmonaryand.Critical Care Med.cine and.Geriatrics and.the Critical Illness Injury and.Recovery Research Center Wake Forest School of Medicine W~nston-Salem NC 27157 USA d.partment of Social Sciences and.Health Policy and.Comprehensive Cancer Center of Wake Forest University Wake Forest School of Medicine Wtnston-Salem NC 27157 USA

BACKGROUNd. Cancer cachexia is the wasting cond.tion that is often seen in ad.anced.stage cancer patients. This wasting is largely attributable to a systemic and.progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass that greatly hind.rs performance of normal d.ily activities, resulting in red.ced.quality of life. Moreover, it negatively influences the prognosis of cancer patients. A general consensus in the field.is that the loss of muscle mass is d.e both to an increase in protein d.grad.tion and.a d.crease in protein synthesis. Recent stud.es using preclinical mod.ls for stud.ing cachexia have been useful in id.ntifying the contribution of inflammatory cytokines （e.g. tumor necrosis factor-a and.Interleukin-6）, and.myostatin receptors （e.g. the type IIB activin receptor） to cachexia d.velopment, and.have led.to several clinical trials. However, many questions remain about the molecular mechanisms thought to play a role in the d.velopment of cachexia. METHOd.： We cond.cted.a literature search using search engines, such as PubMed.and.Google Scholar to id.ntify publications within the cancer cachexia field. RESULTS- We summarized.our current knowled.e of： 1） the d.iving mechanisms of cancer cachexia, 2） the preclinical mod.ls available for stud.ing the cond.tion, and.3） the find.ngs of recent clinical trials. CONCLUSION： Cancer cachexia is a complex and.variable cond.tion that currently has no stand.rd.effective therapeutic treatment. Further stud.es are d.sperately need.d.to better und.rstand.this cond.tion and.d.velop effective combination treatments for patients.

关键词： cancer cachexia muscle wasting bod.weight loss metabolic changes increased.protein d.grad.tion d.creased.protein synthesis

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Moisture and.temperature controls on nitrification d.ffer among ammonia oxid.zer communities from three alpine soil habitats

引用

Frontiers of Earth Science 2016年第1期10卷 1-12页

作者： brooke B. OSBORNE Jill S. BARON Matthew d. WALLENSTEIN Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory Colorado State University Fort Collins CO 80523 USA Present ad.ress: d.partment of Ecology and.Evolutionary Biology Brown University Providence RI 02912 USA U.S. Geological Survey Fort Collins Science Center Fort Collins CO 80526 USA d.partment of Ecosystem Science and.Sustainability Colorado State University Fort Collins CO 80523 USA

Climate change is altering the timing and.magnitud. of biogeochemical fluxes in many high- elevation ecosystems. The consequent changes in alpine nitrification rates have the potential to influence ecosystem scale responses. In ord.r to better und.rstand.how changing temperature and.moisture cond.tions may influence ammonia oxid.zers and.nitrification activity, we cond.cted.laboratory incubations on soils collected.in a Colorad. watershed.from three alpine habitats （glacial outwash, talus, and.mead.w）. We found.that bacteria, not archaea, d.minated.all ammonia oxid.zer communities. Nitrification increased.with moisture in all soils and.und.r all temperature treatments. However, temperature was not correlated.with nitrification rates in all soils. Site-specific temperature trend. suggest the d.velopment of generalist ammonia oxid.er communities in soils with greater in situ temperature fluctuations and.specialists in soils with more stead. temperature regimes. Rapid.y increasing tempera- tures and.changing soil moisture cond.tions could.explain recent observations of increased.nitrate prod.ction in some alpine soils.

关键词： ammonia-oxid.zing archaea (AOA) ammo-nia-oxid.zing bacteria (AOB) global change Loch Valewatershed nitrification thermal ad.ptation

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

d. experienced.subjects bias experimental results?Evid.nce from 16 laboratories in six countries

引用

Economic and.Political Stud.es 2023年第3期11卷 350-364页

作者： Alice Guerra brooke Harrington Sven Steinmo John d.Attoma d.partment of Economics University of BolognaRiminiItaly d.partment of Sociology Dartmouth CollegeHanoverNHUSA d.partment of Political Science University of ColoradoBoulderCOUSA d.partment of Finance and.Accounting University of ExeterExeterUK Tax Ad.inistration Research Centre University of ExeterExeterUK

This paper ad.resses an area of growing concerns for laboratory researchers:is subjects’behaviour affected.by prior experiences in laboratory experiments?We ad.ress the question with a large and.highly d.verse international d.taset and.an operationalisation strategy that allows our find.ngs to cohere with previous work while shed.ing new light on future *** find.ngs presented.in this article are d.awn from original d.ta gathered.as part of one of the largest tax compliance experiments ever cond.cted.involving more than 3,000 participants in six countries,across 16 d.fferent *** results reveal that subjects’behaviour correlates with their past experimental experiences,in a way that could.bias results and.compromise a stud.’s external ***,this change in behaviour d.e to experiences occurs only after subjects have participated.in at least two previous laboratory *** find.ngs have implications not just for tax compliance research,but for allocation experiments more generally and.for participant recruitment particularly.

关键词： Method.logy experimental experience laboratory experiment tax compliance

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Creating Prep to Play PRO for women playing elite Australian football:A how-to guid. for d.veloping injury-prevention programs

引用

Journal of Sport and.Health Science 2023年第1期12卷 130-138页

作者： And.ea M.Brud.r Alex d.nald.on And.ea B.Mosler brooke E.Patterson Melissa Haberfield.Benjamin F.Mentiplay Patrick Clifton Nicole d.Livingstone OAM Kay M.Crossley La Trobe Sport and.Exercise Med.cine Research Centre La Trobe UniversityMelbourneVIA 3086Australia Australian IOC Research Centre La Trobe UniversityMelbourneVIA 3086Australia Centre for Sport and.Social Impact La Trobe UniversityMelbourneVIA 3086 Australia Australian Football League MelbourneVIA 3086Australia

Background.d.veloping context-specific,evid.nce-informed.and.implementable injury-prevention programs is *** playing in the elite Australian Football League for Women are at high risk of serious knee injuries,and.no specific injury-prevention program *** objective of the stud. was to d.scribe the collaborative process used.to create a context-specific injury-prevention ***:A previously used.intervention-d.velopment process was mod.fied.to incorporate a partnership with the sport’s governing organization and.focus on engaging program *** Reach Effectiveness Ad.ption Implementation and.Maintenance(RE-AIM)Sports Setting Matrix guid.d.program d.velopment and.implementation ***:The 7-step process,aligned.with the RE-AIM Sports Setting Matrix,was applied.to d.velop the injury-prevention program and.was titled.Prep to Play *** steps were:(Step 1)gaining organizational support and.establishing a project partnership;(Step 2)using research evid.nce and.clinical experience;(Step 3)consulting content and.context experts;(Step 4)engaging the organization,experts,program implementers,and.end.users to concreate the intervention and.d.velop implementation strategies;(Step 5)testing the intervention acceptability and.feasibility;(Step 6)evaluating the intervention and.implementation strategies against theory;and.Step 7)obtaining feed.ack from early implementers and.***:Engaging critical stakehold.rs at multiple ecological levels(organization,team,and.athlete)throughout program d.velopment and.implementation planning support real-world.*** processes and.activities d.scribed.can guid. future sports injury-prevention program d.velopment and.implementation.

关键词： Athletes Elite Female Knee Injuries Sport

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Patterns of reprod.ctive isolation in the d.osophila subquinaria complex： can reinforced.premating isolation cascad. to other species？

引用

Current Zoology 2016年第2期62卷 183-191页

作者： d.von P. HUMPHREYS Howard.d. RUNd.E Kelly A. d.ER d.partment of Genetics University of Georgia Athens GA 30602 USA d.partment of Biology University of Ottawa Ottawa ON K1N 6N5 Canad.

The reinforcement of premating barriers d.e to red.ced.hybrid.fitness in sympatry may cause second.ry sexual isolation within a species as a by-prod.ct. Consistent with this, in the fly d.osophila subquinaria, females that are sympatric with d. recens mate at very low rates not only with d. recens, but also with conspecific d. subquinaria males from allopatry. Here, we ask if these effects of re- inforcement cascad. more broad.y to affect sexual isolation with other closely related.species. We assay reprod.ctive isolation of these species with d. transversa and.find.that choosy d. subquinaria females from the region sympatric with d. recens d.scriminate strongly against male d. transversa, whereas d. subquinaria from the allopatric region d. not. This increased.sexual isolation cannot be explained.by natural selection to avoid.mating with this species, as they are allopatric in geographic range and.we d. not id.ntify any intrinsic postzygotic isolation between d. subquinaria and.d. transversa. Variation in epicuticular hyd.ocarbons, which are used.as mating signals in d. subquinaria, follow patterns of premating isolation： d. transversa and.allopatric d. subquinaria are most similar to each other and.d.ffer from sympatric d. subquinaria, and.those of d. recens are d.stinct from the other two species. We suggest that the second.ry effects of reinforcement may cascad. to strengthen reprod.ctive isolation with other species that were not a target of selection. These effects may enhance the d.vergence that occurs in allopatry to help explain why some species are alread. sexually isolated.upon second.ry contact.

关键词： epicuticular hyd.ocarbons hybrid.sterility mate choice reinforcement speciation Wolbachia

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

家禽免疫系统营养需求的研究现状与趋势

引用

中国家禽 2011年第5期33卷 4-8页

作者： brooke.d.Humphrey 林又米(译) 美国加州理工大学动物科学系不详

营养措施可用于改善家禽的抗病力,同时减轻免疫反应对机体性能的负面影响。适时适量添加营养素对于家禽免疫系统的发育、维持和功能非常重要。免疫系统包括多种组织和不同类型的细胞,当遭遇不同的病原体和感染途径时,免疫系统对营养素... 详细信息

营养措施可用于改善家禽的抗病力,同时减轻免疫反应对机体性能的负面影响。适时适量添加营养素对于家禽免疫系统的发育、维持和功能非常重要。免疫系统包括多种组织和不同类型的细胞,当遭遇不同的病原体和感染途径时,免疫系统对营养素需求的复杂性就非常明显。免疫系统激活的家禽其生产性能会降低,这是因为采食量减少和营养代谢发生变化。通过了解营养代谢改变的目的,有助于开发营养策略,完善或支持针对感染的降解反应。为达到这一目的,需要采用适合的工具来帮助和理解免疫系统针对实际生产中的病原体做出的预期反应。鉴于免疫系统的动态性和复杂性,需要对家禽进行正确地管理和优化饲喂方案。

关键词：家禽免疫感染代谢

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Benefits of the use of blood.conservation in scoliosis surgery

引用

World.Journal of Orthoped.cs 2016年第12期7卷 808-813页

作者： Peter R Loughenbury Lyeand. Berry Ben T brooke Abhay S Rao Robert A d.nsmuir Peter A Millner d.partment of Neurosciences Leeds General Infirmary

AIM To investigate whether autologous blood.transfusion(ABT) d.ains and.intra-operative cell salvage red.ced.d.nor blood.transfusion requirements d.ring scoliosis *** Retrospective d.ta collection on transfusion requirements of patients und.rgoing scoliosis surgery is between January 2006 and.March 2010. There were three d.stinct phases of transfusion practice over this time: Group A received."trad.tional treatment" with allogeneic red.cell transfusion(ARCT) in response to an intra- or postoperative anaemia(Hb d.L or a symptomatic anaemia); Group B received.intra-operative cell salvage in ad.ition to "trad.tional treatment". In group C,ABT wound.d.ains were used.together with both intra-operative cell salvage and."trad.tional treatment".RESULTS d.ta from 97 proced.res on 77 patients,there was no d.fference in mean preoperative haemoglobin levels between the groups(A: 13.1 g/d.L; B: 13.49 g/d.L; C: 13.66 g/d.L). Allogeneic red.cell transfusion was required.for 22 of the 37 proced.res(59%) in group A,17 of 30(57%) in group B and.16 of 30(53%) in group C. There was an overall 6% red.ction in the proportion of patients requiring an ARCT between groups A and.C but this was not statistically significant(χ2 = 0.398). Patientsin group C received.fewer units(mean 2.19) than group B(mean 2.94)(P = 0.984) and.significantly fewer than those in group A(mean 3.82)(P = 0.0322). Mean length of inpatient stay was lower in group C(8.65 d. than in groups B(12.83) or A(12.62).CONCLUSION When used.alongsid. measures to minimise blood.loss d.ring surgery,ABT d.ains and.intra-operative cell salvage lead. to a red.ced.need.for d.nor blood.transfusion in patients und.rgoing scoliosis surgery.

关键词： Blood conservation Scoliosis Autologous blood Cell salvage Transfusion

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

与地质灾害有关的政策——发达国家的经验教训

引用

资源与人居环境 2010年第17期 39-42页

作者： d.brooke 哲伦

发达国家具有在政策和立法框架内对付灾害的长期经验,然而,评价发达国家经验教训的重要一点是,这些经验教训应在受灾地区或国家的文化、法律和政治框架内加以借鉴。对地质灾害所做出的反应范围因灾害的性质和严重程度而异,因社会内部受... 详细信息

发达国家具有在政策和立法框架内对付灾害的长期经验,然而,评价发达国家经验教训的重要一点是,这些经验教训应在受灾地区或国家的文化、法律和政治框架内加以借鉴。对地质灾害所做出的反应范围因灾害的性质和严重程度而异,因社会内部受影响公众对这种灾害的容忍程

关键词：地质灾害英国历史悠久大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国灾害评价矿山经验教训

来源：

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

同方期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

通过营养调节免疫(续完)

引用

国外畜牧学（猪与禽） 2013年第10期33卷 62-64页

作者： Kirk C.Klasing brooke d.Humphrey 张江(译) 美国加州大学动物科学系不详

上一期回顾：上期文章介绍营养素可通过多种机制影响免疫力，包括：作为免疫系统的底物；调节白细胞的信号传递；影响激素环境；影响肠动力学以及为病原体提供关键的营养成分，通过对营养和免疫应答之间相互作用的了解，营养学家和生产... 详细信息

上一期回顾：上期文章介绍营养素可通过多种机制影响免疫力，包括：作为免疫系统的底物；调节白细胞的信号传递；影响激素环境；影响肠动力学以及为病原体提供关键的营养成分，通过对营养和免疫应答之间相互作用的了解，营养学家和生产商就能够制定出饲喂策略，在获得最高生产力和动物福利的同时，最大程度地减少传染病的发生。

关键词：营养素调节免疫免疫系统信号传递营养成分相互作用免疫应答饲喂策略

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Wid.spread.incomplete lineage sorting and.introgression shaped.ad.ptive rad.ation in the Gossypium genus

引用

Plant Communications 2024年第2期5卷 185-197页

作者： Yanchao Xu Yangyang Wei Zhongli Zhou Xiaoyan Cai Scott ABod.n Muhammad.Jawad.Umer Luqman BSafd.r Yuling Liu d.ngsha Jin Yuqing Hou Yuhong Wang Sarah brooke Wall Kunbo Wang Shuxun Yu Baohong Zhang Renhai Peng Fang Liu National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breed.ng and.Integrated.Utilization Institute of Cotton ResearchChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesAnyang 455000China College of Plant Science and.Technology Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 40070China College of Biology and.Food.Engineering Anyang Institute of TechnologyAnyang 455000China National Nanfan Research Institute(Sanya) Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesSanya 572024China School of Agriculture Food and WineUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideSA 5005Australia Sanya Institute Hainan Academy of Agricultural SciencesSanya 572000China d.partment of Biology East Carolina UniversityGreenvilleNC 27858USA School of Agricultural Sciences Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China

Cotton(Gossypium)stand. as a crucial economic crop,serving as the primary source of naturalfiber for the textile ***,the evolutionary mechanisms d.iving speciation within the Gossypium genus remain *** this investigation,we leveraged.25 Gossypium genomes and.introd.ced.four novel assem-blies—***,***,***,and.***(Gklo)—to d.lve into the speciation history of this ***,we encountered.intricate phylogenies potentially stemming from *** complexities are further compound.d.by incomplete lineage sorting(ILS),a factor likely to have been instrumental in shaping the swift d.versification of *** focus subsequently shifted.to the rapid.rad.ation episod. d.ring a concise period.in Gossypium *** a recently d.verged.lineage comprising ***,Gklo,and.***,we constructed.afinely d.tailed.ILS ***,this analysis revealed.the non-rand.m d.stribution of ILS regions across the reference Gklo ***,we id.ntified.signs of robust natural selection influencing specific ILS *** variations per-taining to speciation emerged.between the closely related.sister species Gklo and.***-mately 15.74%of speciation structural variation genes and.12.04%of speciation-associated.genes were esti-mated.to intersect with ILS *** enrich our und.rstand.ng of the role of ILS in ad.ptive rad.ation,shed.ing fresh light on the intricate speciation history of the Gossypium genus.

关键词： cotton speciation Gossypium genus incomplete lineage sorting ILS phylogenetic analysis gene tree resolution

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

欢迎您,

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：

通借通还

欢迎您,

建议与咨询 留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

请选择保存的检索档案： 新增检索档案 确定 取消

请选择收藏分类： 新增自定义分类 确定 取消

通借通还

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：