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Ethics of Human Resources Management in the Cameroonian Health System, Medical Nomadism and the Ineffectiveness of the Fight against High Blood Pressure

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Health 2024年第1期16卷 9-21页

作者： Jean Ndibi Abanda Anicet Onana Akoa désiré tcho.fo.ulrich dama Pierre Yassa Yoniene Faculty of Health Sciences University of Lisala (CIREP-UNILIS) Lisala Democratic Republic of the Congo National Order of Medical and Sanitary Professions Yaounde Cameroon School of Health Sciences Catholic University of Central Africa Yaounde Cameroon World Health Organization Maroua Cameroon Faculty of Medicine University Simon Kimbangu Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo

Context/objectives: The fight against Chronic Non-Communicable diseases (NCds) is a long-term undertaking, which requires available, motivated and well-managed human resources (HR). The administrative management of skills on both qualitative and quantitative levels is one of the essential functions of a health system. To better implement policies of fight against High Blood Pressure (HBP) and other chronic diseases, it is important to establish strategies to retain health personnel. This loyalty requires favorable working conditions and consideration of the contribution-reward couple. Good working conditions are likely to reduce the phenomenon of medical nomadism;conversely, poor HR management can contribute to their exodus towards exotic “green pastures”, thus leading to an additional crisis in the Cameroonian health system. The fight against HBP is a complex, multifaceted and multifactorial reality that requires appropriate management model for all types of resources mainly HR. The main objective of this research is to show the impact of poor management of human resources in Cameroon health system on medical nomadism and the ineffectiveness of the fight against High Blood Pressure. Method: A cross-sectional descriptive survey among five hundred (500) health facilities in the center region of Cameroon has been conducted. A stratified probabilistic technique has been used, and the number of health facilities to be surveyed has been determined using the “sample size estimation table” of depelteau. The physical questionnaires have been printed and then distributed to data collectors. After data collection, the latter were grouped during processing in Excel sheets. The Chi-square test was used for data with a qualitative value and that of Kolmogorov-Sminorf for data with a quantitative value to assess the normality and reliability of data. The Crochach’s Alpha reliability test allowed us to have a summary of the means and variances and then to search for intragroup cor

关键词： Ethics Human Resources Management Cameroonian Health System Medical Nomadism Ineffectiveness High Blood Pressure

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Economic Stress, Precariousness and Risk of High Blood Pressure: A descriptive Survey of Life Models within Households of the Central Region of Cameroon

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Health 2024年第2期16卷 118-130页

作者： Jean Ndibi Abanda ulrich dama Viviane foussouo Ndoungue Anicet Onana Akoa Melkior fobasso dzeuta Alphonse Tedonge Asobochia Arsène Emilien Messi Ndzengue désiré tchoffo Faculty of Health Sciences University of Lisala (CIREP-UNILIS) Lisala Democratic Republic of the Congo National Order of Medical and Sanitary Professions Yaoundé Cameroon School of Health Sciences Catholic University of Central Africa Yaoundé Cameroon World Health Organization Maroua Cameroon Faculty of Health Sciences University of Montagnes Banganté Cameroun Faculty of Medicine University of Bamenda Bamenda Cameroon Faculty of Sciences University of Ebolowa Ebolowa Cameroun

Context/Objective: High blood pressure (HBP) currently represents the most widespread chronic non-communicable disease in Cameroon. The increase in its prevalence in the country is the result of multiple factors including economic stress imposed by precariousness, poor living conditions, sources of anxiety, anguish, depression and other behavioral disorders. Economic stress is a globalizing concept that integrates into a purely hermeneutic approach, a particular functioning of the nervous system of an individual who faces employment problems and precarious remuneration conditions. The non-satisfaction by an individual of his basic needs due to insufficient financial means can cause him to become irritable, aggressive, and socially and symbolically isolated, thereby increasing the desire to resort to morbid life models such as excessive consumption of narcotics and other psychoactive substances often associated with high blood pressure. The fight against the emergence of BPH is a complex, multifaceted and multifactorial reality that requires taking into account economic stress. The main objective of this survey is to describe the situation of economic stress within the Cameroonian population, which imposes precariousness and life models at risk of high blood pressure. Specifically, we determined the level of household income and the sources of income. Methods: A cross-sectional survey with a descriptive aim among five hundred households in the Central Region of Cameroon was conducted. A probabilistic technique called simple randomness was used. The number of households to be surveyed was determined indirectly using the Cochrane formula. data collection in face-to-face mode using a physical questionnaire took place from July 1 to August 31, 2023, after obtaining ethical clearance from the Regional Health Research Ethics Committee, Human from the Center and an administrative authorization for data collection. Regarding their processing, the data was grouped during proc

关键词： Economic Stress Precariousness High Blood Pressure Life Models Households

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Ethics of Human Resources Management in the Cameroonian Health System, Medical Nomadism and the Ineffectiveness of the Fight against High Blood Pressure

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Health（健康） 2024年第1期

作者： Jean Ndibi Abanda Anicet Onana Akoa désiré tcho.fo.ulrich dama Pierre Yassa Yoniene

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Factors of Adherence to Concurrent Tuberculosis Treatment and Antiretroviral Therapy among HIV-TB Co-Infected Individuals in the East Region, Cameroon in the COVId-19 Era: A Retrospective Cohort Study

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Health 2024年第2期16卷 131-147页

作者： François Anicet Onana Akoa ulrich dama Jean Ndibi Abanda Alphonse Tedonge Asobochia Melkior fobasso dzeuta Pearl Nsom Mbu Yokyu Zachary Pangwoh Pierre Yassa Yoniene Faculty of Health Sciences University of Lisala (CIREP-UNILIS) Lisala Democratic Republic of the Congo Faculty of Health Sciences Catholic University of Central Africa Yaoundé Cameroon Faculty of Health Sciences University of Bamenda Bamenda Cameroon Faculty of Public Health Texila American University Guyana South America Faculty of Medicine University Simon Kimbangu Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo

Context/Objectives: Tuberculosis (TB) and HIV co-infection is a serious health problem in Cameroon. The problems associated with poor adherence to treatment are on the increase worldwide. This problem can be observed in all situations where patients are required to administer their own medication, whatever the type of illness. The general objective of this study was to assess the factors affecting adherence to treatment among HIV-TB co-infected patients in health facilities in the East Region in the COVId context. Method: A retrospective cohort study before and during COVId-19 was conducted in HIV care units in 13 health districts in the East Region of Cameroon. data were collected using a questionnaire recorded in the Kobo Collect android application, analyzed using SPSS version 25 software and plotted using Excel. Results: The pre-COVId-19 cohort compared to the during-COVId-19 cohort had a 1.90 risk of not adhering to treatment (OR: 1.90, CI {1.90 - 3.37}) and the difference was statistically significant at the 5% level (p-value = 0.029). Frequency of adherence was 65.4% (140/214). Adherence before COVId-19 was 56.9% whereas during COVId-19, it was 74.3%. Conclusion: The implementation of targeted interventions in the COVId-19 context, using evidence-based data and integrating the individual needs of HIV-TB co-infected patients, improved adherence to concurrent anti-tuberculosis treatment and antiretroviral therapy during the COVId-19 Era.

关键词： Factors of Adherence Tuberculosis Treatment Antiretroviral Therapy HIV-TB Co-Infection East Region Cameroon

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Clinical and Evolutive Aspects of Severe Acute Malnutrition in Children Aged 0 - 59 Months at Maroua Regional Hospital in Cameroon’s Far North Region

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第4期14卷 700-711页

作者： Palma Haoua Abouame Selangai Hélène Kamo Sime tchouamo Arielle Annick Fernando Kemta Lepka daniel Nemsi Sadjo Salihou Aminou Haman Soureya Yolande Feudjo ulrich dama Félicitée Nguefack Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Garoua Garoua Cameroon Maroua Regional Hospital Maroua Cameroon Garoua General Hospital Garoua Cameroon Yaounde Gynaeco-Obstetrics Hospital Yaounde Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon douala General Hospital Douala Cameroon department of Health Sciences Catholic University of Central Africa Yaounde Cameroon University of Lisala Lisala Democratic Republic of the Congo Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaound I Yaounde Cameroon

Introduction: Severe acute malnutrition remains one of the most important causes of under-five mortality. In Cameroon, the northern regions have the highest prevalence, with 1.4% in the Far North in 2021. These children are managed at the Internal therapeutic and Nutrional Centre, one of which is located at Maroua Regional Hospital, the third level referral Hospital. We therefore proposed to carry out a study on the clinical and evolutive aspects of these children. Materials and Methods: it was a descriptive, cross-sectional study from January 2020 to december 2022, at the ITNC (CNTI) of Maroua Regional Hospital. The sample size was obtained from the Lorentz formula. Patient records were used for data collection. We excluded all incomplete records and patients with less than 24 hours of admission. Results: Out of the 873 patients we recruited, the prevalence of severe malnutrition was estimated at 18 %. The average age was 14 months, with a male predominance. The main reasons for consultation were fever (42%) and diarrhoea (35%). Marasmus was the predominant clinical form. The major medical complications were sepsis (32.9%) and malaria (16.8%). HIV prevalence was 2.5% and tuberculosis was 4.9%. Most patients had haemoglobin levels between 7 and 10g/dl. 79.3% were cured and 6.5% died. The main causes of death were sepsis and malaria. Conclusion: Severe acute malnutrition remains a major problem in the Far North region. Several joint actions are needed to break this cycle.

关键词： Severe Acute Malnutrition Children Far North Cameroon

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Clinical and Evolutive Aspects of Severe Acute Malnutrition in Children Aged 0 - 59 Months at Maroua Regional Hospital in Cameroon’s Far North Region

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Open Journal of Pediatrics（儿科学期刊） 2024年第4期 700页

作者： Palma Haoua Abouame SelangaiHélèneKamo Sime tchouamo Arielle Annick Fernando Kemta Lepka daniel Nemsi Sadjo Salihou Aminou Haman Soureya Yolande Feudjo ulrich dama FélicitéeNguefack

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Granitic inselbergs of Lara(Panafrican Chain,Far-North Cameroon):Assets for the implementation of geotourism in Mountainous region

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Journal of Mountain Science 2022年第11期19卷 3192-3212页

作者： ZANGMO TEfoGOUM Ghislain NOUHOU dama Zouyane Hyacinthe GOUNTIÉdEdZO Merlin MAfo dONGMO Irène department of Earth Sciences de la Terre Faculty of ScienceUniversity of MarouaP.O.Box 814 MarouaCameroon department of Life and Earth Sciences High Teacher Training CollegeUniversity of MarouaP.O.Box 55MarouaCameroon

The locality of Lara(Far-North Region,Cameroon)is made up of a pediplain strewn with coalescent *** interaction of internal and external geological processes has contributed to transform the latter into inselbergs,whose geotouristic values are yet to be *** and laboratory work enabled us to select the geomorphosites through their aesthetic value(particular size and shape)and,geomorphological and geological ***,it permitted to study and map the geomorphosites using Optic Microscope,Google Earth,GIS software and many other ***,four inselbergs have been selected and studied in the locality of *** petrographic study of these inselbergs shows that granites are the main components of inselbergs and they present a fine to coarse-grained texture,materialized by quartz,micas,plagioclases and alkali feldspars(white and pink in colour).Inselbergs exhibit vertical and parallel networks of diaclases giving them a stratified appearance in some *** addition,on some inselberg limbs and piedmonts,are built tors which contribute to their *** tops of inselbergs,are embellished by several alluring pedestal *** their flanks,shelters of various shapes and sizes(about 12 m length)have developed through the heaps of blocks *** the ten shelters selected,some have a fairly high cultural value as they are sacred places for the local ***,Lara's granitic inselbergs include enclaves(cognate enclaves and xenocrysts)that also significantly improve their geoheritage *** are landforms with high education and aesthetic value that attracted a larger local and foreign population of about 863 visitors between *** constitute an exceptional geoheritage that could attract more tourists in the locality of Lara;but the promotion of geotourism is needed through interpretative panels,marketing of geomorphosites through leaflets,web,media,and geotours,to mention a few.

关键词： Lara Inselbergs Granite geoheritage Geotouristic activities

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A Xyloglucan Backbone 6-O-Acetyltransferase from Brachypodium distachyon Modulates Xyloglucan Xylosylation

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Molecular Plant 2016年第4期9卷 615-617页

作者： Lifeng Liu Mon Mandy Hsia Murali dama John Vogel Markus Pauly department of Plant & Microbial Biology University of California Berkeley CA 94720 USA U.S. department of Agriculture Western Regional Research Center Albany CA 94710 USA U.S. department of Energy Joint Genome Institute Walnut Creek CA 94598 USA

dear Editor,Plant cells are surrounded and protected by cell walls, which consist primarily of polymers such as cellulose, hemicelluloses, pectic polysaccharides, and the polyphenol lignin. One of the ma- jor hemicelluloses in the primary cell wall is xyloglucan （XyG）, which consists of a β-1,4-glucan backbone containing xylosyl substituents. XyG attaches and partially covers the surface of cellulose microfibrils and is therefore thought to act as a spacer between microfibrils, reducing cellulose aggregation （Pauly et al., 2013）.

关键词： Plant cells surrounded

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Multi-Layered deep Learning Features Fusion for Human Action Recognition

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第12期69卷 4061-4075页

作者： Sadia Kiran Muhammad Attique Khan Muhammad Younus Javed Majed Alhaisoni Usman Tariq Yunyoung Nam Robertas damaševicius Muhammad Sharif department of Computer Science HITEC University TaxilaTaxilaPakistan College of Computer Science and Engineering University of Ha’ilHa’ilSaudi Arabia College of Computer Engineering and Sciences Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityAl-KhrajSaudi Arabia department of Computer Science and Engineering Soonchunhyang UniversityAsanKorea Faculty of Applied Mathematics Silesian University of TechnologyGliwicePoland department of Computer Science COMSATS University IslamabadWah CampusPakistan

Human Action Recognition(HAR)is an active research topic in machine learning for the last few *** surveillance,robotics,and pedestrian detection are the main applications for action *** vision researchers have introduced many HAR techniques,but they still face challenges such as redundant features and the cost of *** this article,we proposed a new method for the use of deep learning for *** the proposed method,video frames are initially pre-processed using a global contrast approach and later used to train a deep learning model using domain transfer *** Resnet-50 Pre-Trained Model is used as a deep learning model in this *** are extracted from two layers:Global Average Pool(GAP)and Fully Connected(FC).The features of both layers are fused by the Canonical Correlation Analysis(CCA).Then features are selected using the Shanon Entropy-based threshold *** selected features are finally passed to multiple classifiers for final *** are conducted on five publicly available datasets as IXMAS,UCF Sports,YouTube,UT-Interaction,and *** accuracy of these data sets was 89.6%,99.7%,100%,96.7%and 96.6%,*** with existing techniques has shown that the proposed method provides improved accuracy for ***,the proposed method is computationally fast based on the time of execution.

关键词： Action recognition transfer learning features fusion features selection classification

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Perceptions into causes and consequences of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)variants

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Rheumatology & Autoimmunity 2023年第1期3卷 1-8页

作者： dama Laxminarayana Sathya Krishna Genomics LLC Winston-SalemNorth CarolinaUSA

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)variants are emerging worldwide and pathogenicity varies widely from no symptoms to *** SARS-CoV-2 is evolving as lineages like Alpha,Beta,Gamma,Epsilon,Iota,delta,and Omicron in the course of *** main reasons for such viral evolution are(a)the imperfect nature of SARS-CoV-2 RNA polymerase,and viral exonuclease mediated proofreading functions resulting in the generation of mutations in viral genomes;(b)fusions of the 5′leader sequence to unexpected 3′sites,and transcription regulatory sequences(TRSs)in subgenomic RNAs(sgRNAs),which result in the generation of structural variants and novel open reading frames;(c)these viruses are combated by the host type I interferons(IFNs).In such a process IFNs upregulate viral RNA editing APOBEC3G/F and AdAR1 genes,which induce mutations in viral *** factors play important roles in causing viral evolution and the emergence of more efficient SARS-CoV-2 genomes,which escape the host immune defense system,and vaccine-elicited antibodies and impede therapeutic *** main challenges we now face are how to control future SARS-CoV-2 evolution,the elimination of their deleterious side effects,and the onset of new diseases as aftermaths of SARSCoV-2 *** measures like(a)the development of broadly neutralizing antibodies and novel vaccines,therapies based on genomics and proteomics data will help in avoiding,and/or minimizing SARS-CoV-2 infections;(b)targeted therapies,application of patient-based precision medicine methodology can help in achieving the goal and avoiding unwanted deleterious side effects and the onset of SARS-CoV-2 infections mediated several diseases in future.

关键词： gene regulation innate immunity mutations RNA editing enzymes SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis type I interferons

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