Perceptions into causes and consequences of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)variants

作     者：Dama Laxminarayana Dama Laxminarayana

作者机构：Sathya Krishna Genomics LLCWinston-SalemNorth CarolinaUSA 

出 版 物：《Rheumatology & Autoimmunity》 (风湿病与自身免疫（英文）)

年 卷 期：2023年第3卷第1期

页      面：1-8页

学科分类：1007[医学-药学(可授医学、理学学位)] 100705[医学-微生物与生化药学] 1001[医学-基础医学(可授医学、理学学位)] 100103[医学-病原生物学] 10[医学] 

主　　题：gene regulation innate immunity mutations RNA editing enzymes SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis type I interferons 

摘      要：Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)variants are emerging worldwide and pathogenicity varies widely from no symptoms to *** SARS-CoV-2 is evolving as lineages like Alpha,Beta,Gamma,Epsilon,Iota,Delta,and Omicron in the course of *** main reasons for such viral evolution are(a)the imperfect nature of SARS-CoV-2 RNA polymerase,and viral exonuclease mediated proofreading functions resulting in the generation of mutations in viral genomes;(b)fusions of the 5′leader sequence to unexpected 3′sites,and transcription regulatory sequences(TRSs)in subgenomic RNAs(sgRNAs),which result in the generation of structural variants and novel open reading frames;(c)these viruses are combated by the host type I interferons(IFNs).In such a process IFNs upregulate viral RNA editing APOBEC3G/F and ADAR1 genes,which induce mutations in viral *** factors play important roles in causing viral evolution and the emergence of more efficient SARS-CoV-2 genomes,which escape the host immune defense system,and vaccine-elicited antibodies and impede therapeutic *** main challenges we now face are how to control future SARS-CoV-2 evolution,the elimination of their deleterious side effects,and the onset of new diseases as aftermaths of SARSCoV-2 *** measures like(a)the development of broadly neutralizing antibodies and novel vaccines,therapies based on genomics and proteomics data will help in avoiding,and/or minimizing SARS-CoV-2 infections;(b)targeted therapies,application of patient-based precision medicine methodology can help in achieving the goal and avoiding unwanted deleterious side effects and the onset of SARS-CoV-2 infections mediated several diseases in future.