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Collembola communities and soil conditions in forest plantations established in an intensively managed agricultural area

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Journal of Forestry Research 2021年第5期32卷 1819-1832页

作者： István Harta Barbara Simon Szergej Vinogradov dániel Winkler Institute of Environmental Science Szent István UniversityGödöllőHungary Institute of Methodology Szent István UniversityGödöllőHungary Institute of Wildlife Management and Vertebrate Zoology University of SopronSopronHungary

The challenges of a changing climate have directed greater attention to afforestation,but the effects of afforestation on soil fertility and soil biota have not been fully *** explore changes in the soil conditions in two 20-year-old forest plantations established in formerly intensively fertilized plots of agricultural land,we focused on the current developmental state of the sites that received the most fertilizer and evaluated soil properties and Collembola(springtails)*** oak(Quercus petraea)and black locust(Robinia pseudoacacia)that had been planted in the afforestation sites were assessed for differences between plantations of native and invasive *** adjacent reference associations,including forests and open habitats,were also analyzed and *** showed that the soils in the two afforested sites were similar in their properties and Collembola communities to those of the control cultivated forests,but differed from each other in pH,calcium,phosphorus,and ammonium *** available potassium and phosphorus contents in the soil of the sessile oak plantation were still high,while the soil organic matter content was adequate(SOM>2.0%)in both *** richness of Collembola ranged from 18 in the cultivated arable land to 43 in the relict *** a few species typical for forests(e.g.,Neanura muscorum,Isotomiella minor,Entomobrya muscorum)were detected in the young plantations,while species characteristic of open habitats(e.g.,Protaphorura campata,Lepidocyrtus cyaneus)occurred as *** more individuals and species of Collembola were present in the soil of young plantations than in arable fields,their community diversities were significantly lower compared to the control forest *** community diversity differed significantly also between the two plantation types(with native and non-native tree species).Mean abundance in the afforested sites was about 2.5 times higher than in the cultiv

关键词： Afforestation diversity Fertilizers Soil fauna Soil properties Springtails

Traditional and emerging Fusarium mycotoxins disrupt homeostasis of bovine mammary cells by altering cell permeability and innate immune function

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Animal Nutrition 2023年第1期12卷 388-397页

作者： Ran Xu Umesh k.Shandilya Alexandros Yiannikouris niel A.karrow department of Animal Biosciences University of GuelphGuelphON N1G 2W1Canada Alltech Inc. Center for Animal Nutrigenomics and Applied Animal NutritionNicholasvilleKY 40356USA

High incidence of traditional and emerging Fusarium mycotoxins in cereal grains and silages can be a potential threat to feed safety and *** biodegradation of Fusarium mycotoxins by rumen microflora following ingestion of mycotoxin-contaminated feeds can lead to their circulatory transport to target tissues such as mammary *** bovine udder plays a pivotal role in maintaining milk yield and composition,thus,human ***,toxic effects of Fusarium mycotoxins on bovine mammary gland are rarely *** this study,the bovine mammary epithelial cell line was used as an in-vitro model of bovine mammary epithelium to investigate effects of deoxynivalenol(dON),enniatin B(ENB)and beauvericin(BEA)on bovine mammary gland *** indicated that exposure to dON,ENB and BEA for 48 h significantly decreased cell viability in a concentration-dependent manner(PdON at 0.39μmol/L and BEA at 2.5μmol/L for 48 h also decreased paracellular flux of FITC-40 kda dextran(Pd transepithelial electrical resistance after 48 h *** qPCR was performed for assessment of expression of gene coding tight junction(TJ)proteins,toll-like receptor 4(TLR4)and cytokines after 4,24 and 48 h of ***,ENB and BEA significantly upregulated the TJ protein zonula occludens-1,whereas markedly downregulated claudin 3(PdON at 1.35μmol/L for 4 h significantly increased expression of occludin(PdON,ENB and BEA significant downregulated TLR4(Pkedly increased expression of cytokines interleukin-6(IL-6)(Pd transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β)(Pd IL-6(Pd TGF-β(P=0.01),but downregulated TNF-α(PdON,ENB and BEA can disrupt mammary gland homeostasis by inducing cell death as well as altering its paracellular permeability and expres

关键词： Fusarium mycotoxin Invitro cell culture Bovine mammary epithelial cells Epithelial paracellular permeability Innate immunity

Enterprising Academics:Heterarchical Policy Networks for Artificial Intelligence in British Higher Education

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ECNU Review of Education 2023年第4期6卷 568-596页

作者： dániel Béla Gellai king’s College London

Purpose:There is limited scholarship on artificial intelligence(AI)in higher education governance,despite the growing prevalence of AI-powered technologies in many fields,including ***,as the technology is still nascent and has yet to reach its full potential,ideas and arguments abound,championing or cautioning against the use of these ***/Approach/Methods:To fill this gap in research on policy networks and AI in British higher education,this article employs network ethnography and discourse analysis to study how ideas about AI-powered technologies in higher education circulate in policy networks in the United ***:The findings evidence a policy network showing signs of a heterarchy permeated by neoliberal rationales and populated by policy actors actively promoting artificial intelligence technologies to be used in ***/Value:This paper builds on existing research by looking at the university and notfor-profit sectors,in addition to the governmental and educational technology *** network ethnography,this article expands our understanding of the policy actors involved and critically analyzes ideas regarding the use of AI in education.

关键词： Artificial intelligence heterarchy higher education network ethnography policy networks United kingdom

Physicians’views on the usefulness of practical tools for assessing the driving ability of older drivers:a cross-sectional study

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2020年第3期8卷 11-17页

作者： Paul sebo Primary Care Unit Faculty of MedicineUniversity of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland

Objective We aimed to explore Swiss physicians’views on the usefulness of a self-administered questionnaire completed by older drivers before the consultation and a reference guide summarising current Swiss guidelines on the fitness-to drive assessment of older *** also aimed to assess the frequency with which physicians used the information sources provided by the Swiss traffic medicine *** Questionnaire-based cross-sectional *** The study was conducted in four cantons of Western Switzerland(Geneva,Vaud,Neuchâtel and Jura).Participants All physicians certified to carry out fitness-to drive assessments in the canton of Geneva(medical assessors;n=69)and a random sample of 500 general practitioners practising in the cantons of Vaud,Neuchâtel and Jura were invited to *** were asked to report their estimated average number of fitness-to drive assessments per week and to rate on a 5-point Likert scale the perceived usefulness of the preconsultation patient questionnaire and reference guide,and the frequency of use of the information sources provided by the traffic medicine *** computed the proportion of physicians who found the assessment tools very/somewhat useful and the proportion of physicians who always/often used the traffic medicine *** compared the responses according to medical specialty(medical assessors vs general practitioners)using design-based F tests and weighted logistic *** 268 physicians(47%)agreed to participate in the *** median number of assessments was 2 per week(IQR 2).Overall,the majority of physicians found the questionnaire(75%)and reference guide(89%)very/somewhat *** 17%of the sample always/often used the traffic medicine *** were no statistically significant associations in multivariable analysis between the medical specialty and the perceived usefulness of the questionnaire and reference guide and the frequency of use of the traffic medicine webs

关键词： driving sectional cross

Endangered lowland oak forest steppe remnants keep unique bird species richness in Central Hungary

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Journal of Forestry Research 2022年第1期33卷 343-355页

作者： GáborÓnodi Zoltán Botta‑dukát dániel Winkler Tamás Rédei Institute of Ecology and Botany Centre for Ecological ResearchVácrátótHungary department of Botany and Biodiversity Research University of ViennaViennaAustria Institute of Wildlife Management and Wildlife Biology University of SopronSopronHungary

The biodiversity of natural or semi-natural native,old oak woodlands have high conservation importance,especially in landscapes of monocultural forest plantations and arable *** a wider variety of microhabitats and foraging sources,such old oak forests can provide essential habitat for native forest bird *** conducted a study using bird point counts to compare the forest bird communities of old pedunculate oak(Quercus robur)remnants with native and non-native plantations in central Hungary in a landscape of mostly arable fields,settlements,and monocultural *** surveys were carried out in old oak forest remnants,middle-aged oak,white poplar(Populus alba),hybrid poplar(Populus×euramericana),black locust(Robinia pseudoacacia),and pine(Pinus spp.)*** has been carried out in nine study sites,where all six habitat types were represented(with a few exceptions),to determine total abundance,species richness,Shannon–Wiener diversity,species evenness,dominant and indicator species,and guild *** found that old oak forest remnants were the most diverse habitats among the studied forest types,while hybrid poplar and pine plantations exhibited the lowest avian *** avian guilds most sensitive to the loss of old oak forest remnants were ground foragers,bark foragers,cavity-nesters,residents,and Mediterranean migratory *** habitats were more diverse than non-native *** results suggest that it is important to conserve all remaining high biodiversity old oak stands and to avoid clear-cutting of monocultural plantations in favour of practices such as mixed-species plantations,longer rotation lengths,or retention forestry.

关键词： Forest bird community Bird conservation Old oak forest-steppe remnant Plantation forestry Forest conservation Non-native plantation

Regression analysis of squeezing-induced hybrid nanofluid flow in darcy-Forchheimer porous medium

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2025年第1期46卷 193-208页

作者： k.MUHAMMAd M.SARFRAZ department of Humanities and Sciences School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science National University of Sciences and Technology department of Mathematics Quaid-i-Azam University

This article presents a mathematical model addressing a scenario involving a hybrid nanofluid flow between two infinite parallel plates. One plate remains stationary, while the other moves downward at a squeezing velocity. The space between these plates contains a darcy-Forchheimer porous medium. A mixture of water-based fluid with gold(Au) and silicon dioxide(Si O2) nanoparticles is formulated. In contrast to the conventional Fourier's heat flux equation, this study employs the Cattaneo-Christov heat flux equation. A uniform magnetic field is applied perpendicular to the flow direction, invoking magnetohydrodynamic(MHd) effects. Further, the model accounts for Joule heating, which is the heat generated when an electric current passes through the fluid. The problem is solved via NdSolve in MATHEMATICA. Numerical and statistical analyses are conducted to provide insights into the behavior of the nanomaterials between the parallel plates with respect to the flow, energy transport, and skin *** findings of this study have potential applications in enhancing cooling systems and optimizing thermal management strategies. It is observed that the squeezing motion generates additional pressure gradients within the fluid, which enhances the flow rate but reduces the frictional drag. Consequently, the fluid is pushed more vigorously between the plates, increasing the flow velocity. As the fluid experiences higher flow rates due to the increased squeezing effect, it spends less time in the region between the plates. The thermal relaxation, however, abruptly changes the temperature, leading to a decrease in the temperature fluctuations.

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Biochemical dissection of STAT3 signaling in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3229-3230页

作者： Savina Apolloni Nadia d’Ambrosi department of Biology University of Rome Tor VergataRomeItaly

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS)is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by the loss of upper and lower motor neurons,clinically marked by muscle atrophy and *** the clinical course is highly variable,the average time from the onset of symptoms to the need for respiratory support or death is 3-5 *** is the most prevalent motor neuron disease in adults,occurring at a rate of 2 per 100,000 individuals and affecting 5.4 per 100,000 individuals overall.

关键词： STAT3 dissection sclerosis

Relation of the IGF/IGF1R system to autophagy in colitis and colorectal cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第46期23卷 8109-8119页

作者： Ferenc Sipos Hajnal Székely Imre dániel kis Zsolt Tulassay Gyorgyi Muzes 2nd department of Internal Medicine Semmelweis University Faculty of Medicine Semmelweis University Molecular Medicine Research Group Hungarian Academy of Sciences

Metabolic syndrome(Met S), as a chronic inflammatory disorder has a potential role in the development of inflammatory and cancerous complications of the colonic tissue. The interaction of dNA damage and inflammation is affected by the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor(IGF1 R) signaling pathway. The IGF1 R pathway has been reported to regulate autophagy, as well, but sometimes through a bidirectional context. Targeting the IGF1 R-autophagy crosstalk could represent a promising strategy for the development of new antiinflammatory and anticancer therapies, and may help for subjects suffering from Met S who are at increased risk of colorectal cancer. However, therapeutic responses to targeted therapies are often shortlived, since a signaling crosstalk of IGF1 R with other receptor tyrosine kinases or autophagy exists, leading to acquired cellular resistance to therapy. From a pharmacological point of view, it is attractive to speculate that synergistic benefits could be achieved by inhibition of one of the key effectors of the IGF1 R pathway, in parallel with the pharmacological stimulation of the autophagy machinery, but cautiousness is also required, because pharmacologic IGF1 R modulation can initiate additional, sometimes unfavorable biologic effects.

关键词： Insulin-like growth factor IGF1R Autophagy Colitis Colorectal cancer Metabolic syndrome

Anti-amyloid antibodies in Alzheimer’s disease: what did clinical trials teach us?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1092-1093页

作者： danko Jeremic Lydia Jiménez-díaz Juan d.Navarro-López NeuroPhysiology&Behavior Lab University of Castilla-La ManchaBiomedical Research Center(CRIB)School of Medicine of Ciudad RealCiudad RealSpain

Although many causes of Alzheimer’s disease(Ad)may exist,both the original amyloid cascade and tau hypotheses posit that abnormal misfolding and accumulation of amyloid-β(Aβ)and tau protein is the central event causing the ***,that conclusion could be only partly true,and there is conflicting evidence about the role of both proteins in Ad,being able to precede and influence one *** researchers argue that these proteins are mere executors rather than primary causes of ***,there have been continuing refinements of both hypotheses,with alternative explanations proposed.Aβand tau proteins may be independently involved in specific neurotoxic pathways;yet there may be other crucial processes going on in early ***,accumulating evidence suggests that Aβand tau act synergistically,rather than additively in disease onset(Jeremic et al.,2021,2023a).

关键词： amyloid Alzheimer additive