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Effects of temperature and hydric environment on survival of the Panamanian Golden Frog infected with a pathogenic chytrid fungus

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Integrative Zoology 2010年第2期5卷 143-153页

作者： Heidi m.BUSTAmANTE Lauren J.LIVO cynthia CAREY department of Integrative Physiology University of ColoradoBoulderColoradoUSA

Considerable controversy exists concerning whether or not climate changes(particularly global warming)are causing outbreaks of a lethal amphibian pathogen,the chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium.dendrobatidis(Longcore,Pessier&*** 1999).In the present study,groups of Panamanian golden frogs(Atelopus zeteki Dunn,1993),a critically endangered amphibian thought to be nearly extinct in Panama,were exposed to varying dosages of zoospores of Batrachochytrium.dendrobatidis,temperatures and hydric environments in order to learn whether this species is susceptible to this pathogen and,if so,how environmental factors affect *** pathogen proved to be highly lethal for *** exposed to a dosage of 100 Bd zoospores survived significantly(Pmate change and the decline of these frogs in the field,but they inform the discussion about how environmental conditions can have an impact on the interaction between a susceptible amphibian and this *** data do not support the contention that rising global temperatures are necessary to cause the death of amphibians infected with this pathogen because the pathogen was equally lethal at 17 as at 23℃,and frogs at the warmer temperature lived significantly longer than those at the cooler one.

关键词： amphibian declines Atelopus zeteki Batrachochytrium.dendrobatidis chytridiomycosis climatelinked-epidemic hypothesis

Nocturnal foragers exploit tree exudates from holes gouged by diurnal common marmoset monkeys(Callithrix jacchus)

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Integrative Zoology 2020年第6期15卷 617-623页

作者： cynthia L.THOmPSON Lauren m.GAPP Leonardo C.O.mELO Christopher J.VINYARD maria A.B.de OLIVEIRA department of Biomedical Sciences Grand Valley State UniversityAllendaleMichiganUSA departamento de morfologia e Fisiologia Animal Universidade Federal Rural de PernambucoRecife-PEBrazil department of Anatomy&Neurobiology Northeast Ohio Medical UniversityRootstownOhioUSA

INTRODUCTION Plant exudates are a common,yet often overlooked food source eaten by 94 mammalian species spread across 6 orders(Nash&Burrows 2010;Cabana et al.2018).However,exudates(including gums,resins,and latex,defined following Cabana et al.2018)contain large amounts of non-digestible carbohydrates and plant secondary metabolites,posing challenges for mammals exploiting this resource(Power 2010).Due to the difficulty of gaining nutrition from exudates,they are not considered a high-quality food source,despite the number of species that consume them(Power 2010;Cabana et al.2018).

关键词： exploit resins latex

Comparisons of indoor active and passive air sampling methods for emerging and legacy halogenated flame retardants in Beijing, China offices

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Emerging Contaminants 2016年第2期2卷 80-88页

作者： Seth Newton Ulla Sellströom Stuart Harrad Gang Yu cynthia A.de Wit department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry(ACES) Stockholm UniversitySE-10691 StockholmSweden Division of Environmental Health and Risk management School of GeographyEarth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamBirmingham B152TTUnited Kingdom department of Environmental Science and Engineering POPs Research CentreTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

One active and two passive air sampling configurations were deployed simultaneously in three offices in Beijing,China to test their comparability for sampling emerging and legacy halogenated flame retardants spanning a large range of octanoleair partition coefficients(KOA).Sampling in each office was carried out for three consecutive 28-day periods in the spring-summer of *** active sampler was run for 2.5 h at different times every day for 28 days to parallel the passive samplers and sample a total volume comparable to that sampled by the passive samplers(~20 m^3).At the end of each 28-day sampling period,a separate active air sample was taken by running the sampler pump continuously for about 2.5 *** comparability of measured concentrations varied between the air sampling configurations and for different *** predominant compound measured in nearly all samples was Bde-209,a compound known to have heavy use in *** emerging flame retardants were also detected including DBE-DBCH,PBT,HBB,DDC-CO,and *** little of the tetra-hexabrominated Bdes associated with the technical PentaBde product was observed.

关键词： Indoor air Passive air sampling Active air sampling Flame retardants Emerging flame retardants BFR

A pretargeting nanoplatform for imaging and enhancing anti-inflammatory drug delivery

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Bioactive materials 2020年第4期5卷 1102-1112页

作者： min Kyung Khang Jun Zhou cynthia m.Co Shuxin Li Liping Tang department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Texas at Arlington700 Planetarium PlaceChemistry Physics Building Room 130ArlingtonTX76019-0065USA department of Bioengineering University of Texas at ArlingtonEngineering Research BuildingRoom 226Box 19138ArlingtonTX76010USA

This work details a newly developed“sandwich”nanoplatform via neutravidin-biotin system for the detection and treatment of ***,biotinylated-and folate-conjugated optical imaging micelles targeted activated macrophages via folate/folate receptor ***,multivalent neutravidin proteins in an optimal concentration accumulated on the biotinylated ***,biotinylated anti-inflammatory drug-loaded micelles delivered drugs effectively at the inflammatory sites via a highly specific neutravidin-biotin *** in vitro and in vivo studies have shown that the“sandwich”pretargeting platform was able to diagnose inflammation by targeting activated macrophages as well as improve the therapeutic efficacy by amplifying the drug delivery to the inflamed *** overall results support that our new pretargeting platform has the potential for inflammatory disease diagnosis and treatment.

关键词： Polymeric micelles Neutravidin/biotin system Pretargeting macrophages dexamethasone Inflammatory responses

Socio-cultural determinants of timely and delayed treatment of Buruli ulcer: implications for disease control

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2012年第1期1卷 48-60页

作者： mercy m Ackumey margaret Gyapong matilda Pappoe cynthia Kwakye maclean mitchell G Weiss School of Public Health College of Health SciencesUniversity of GhanaAccraGhana Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute BaselSwitzerland University of Basel BaselSwitzerland Dodowa Health Research Centre Ghana Health ServiceDodowaGhana Amasaman Hospital Ghana Health ServiceAccraGhana

Introduction:Public health programmes recommend timely medical treatment for Buruli ulcer(BU)infection to prevent pre-ulcer conditions from progressing to ulcers,to minimise surgery,disabilities and the socio-economic impact of *** the role of socio-cultural determinants of timely medical treatment may assist in guiding public health programmes to improve treatment *** study clarified the role of socio-cultural determinants and health system factors affecting timely medical treatment for BU in an endemic area in ***:A semi-structured explanatory m.del interview based on the explanatory m.del interview catalogue(EmIC)was administered to 178 BU-affected *** on research evidence,respondents were classified as timely treatment(use of medical treatment 3 months from awareness of disease)and delayed treatment(medical treatment 3 months after onset of disease and failure to use medical treatment).The outcome variable,timely treatment was analysed with cultural epidemiological variables for categories of distress,perceived causes of BU,outside-help and reasons for medical treatment in logistic regression *** median time for the onset of symptoms to treatment was computed in *** phenomenological analysis of respondents’narratives clarified the meaning,context and dynamic features of the relationship of explanatory variables with timely medical ***:The median time for initiating treatment was 25 days for pre-ulcers,and 204 days for *** loss and use of herbalists showed significantly negative associations with timely ***’use of herbalists was often motivated by the desire for quick recovery in order to continue with work and because herbalists were relatives and easily ***,drinking unclean water was significantly associated with timely treatment and access to health services encouraged timely treatment(OR 8.5,p=0.012).Findings show that health system factors of

关键词： services lists clarified

Click chemistry-based pre-targeting cell delivery for cartilage regeneration

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Regenerative Biomaterials 2021年第3期8卷 11-21页

作者： cynthia m.Co Samira Izuagbe Jun Zhou Ning Zhou Xiankai Sun Joseph Borrelli Liping Tang department of Bioengineering University of Texas at ArlingtonPO Box 19138ArlingtonTX 76019USA department of Radiology University of Texas Southwestern MedicalDallasTX 75390USA

A fraction of the OA patient population is affected by post-traumatic osteoarthritis(PTOA)following acute joint *** or reversing the progression of PTOA following joint injury could improve long-term functional outcomes,reduced disability,and medical *** more effectively treat articular cartilage injury,we have developed a novel cell-based therapy that involves the pretargeting of apoptotic chondrocytes and the delivery of healthy,metabolically active chondrocytes using click ***,a pre-targeting agent was prepared via conjugating apoptotic binding peptide(ApoPep-1)and trans-cyclooctene(TCO)onto polyethylene glycol(PEG)polymer *** pre-targeting agent would be introduced to injured areas of articular cartilage,leading to the accumulation of TCO groups on the injured areas from actively binding to apoptotic ***,methyltetrazine(Tz)-bearing chondrocytes would be immobilized on the surface of TCO-coated injured cartilage via Tz-TCO click chemistry *** an ex vivo human cartilage explant PTOA m.del,the effectiveness of this new approach was *** studies show that this novel approach(Tz-TCO click chemistry)significantly enhanced the immobilization of healthy and metabolically active chondrocytes to the areas of apoptotic *** analyses demonstrated that this treatment regimen would significantly reduce the area of cartilage degeneration and enhance ECm *** results support that Tz-TCO click chemistry-mediated cell delivery approach has great potential in clinical applications for targeting and treatment of cartilage injury.

关键词： chondrocyte cartilage regeneration cell therapy click chemistry

Intracrine androgen biosynthesis and drug resistance

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Cancer Drug Resistance 2020年第4期3卷 912-929页

作者： Trevor m.Penning Irfan A.Asangani cynthia Sprenger Stephen Plymate department of Systems Pharmacology&Translational Therapeutics Perelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA 19104USA department Cancer Biology Perelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA 19104USA Division of Gerontology&Geriatric medicine Department of MedicineUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWA 98109USA Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center(GRECC) VA Puget Sound Health Care SystemSeattleWA 98108USA

Castration-resistant prostate cancer is the lethal form of prostate cancer and most commonly remains dependent on androgen receptor(AR)*** therapies use AR signaling inhibitors(ARSI)exemplified by abiraterone acetate,a P450c17 inhibitor,and enzalutam.de,a potent AR ***,drug resistance to these agents occurs within 12-18 months and they only prolong overall survival by 3-4 *** mechanisms can contribute to ARSI drug *** mechanisms can include but are not limited to germline mutations in the AR,post-transcriptional alterations in AR structure,and adaptive expression of genes involved in the intracrine biosynthesis and metabolism of androgens within the *** review focuses on intracrine androgen biosynthesis,how this can contribute to ARSI drug resistance,and therapeutic strategies that can be used to surmount these resistance mechanisms.

关键词： Prostate cancer abiraterone acetate enzalutam.de aldo-keto reductase 1C3 androgen biosynthesis

Neurofibromatosis:The role of guanosine triphosphatase activating proteins in sensory neuron function

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生理学报 2008年第5期60卷 581-583页

作者： cynthia m.Hingtgen departments of Neurology and Pharmacology and Toxicology Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA

Neurofibromatosis type 1(NF1) is a common autosomal dominant disease characterized by formation of multiple benign and malignant *** with this disorder also experience chronic pain,which can be ***,the protein product of the Nf1 gene,is a guanosine triphosphatase activating protein(GAP) for p21Ras(Ras).Loss of Nf1 results in an increase in activity of the Ras transduction *** of the growing evidence suggesting involvement of downstream components of the Ras transduction cascade in the sensitization of nociceptive sensory neurons,we examined the stimulus-evoked release of the neuropeptides,substance P(SP) and calcitonin gene-related peptide(CGRP),from primary sensory neurons of mice with a mutation of the Nf1 gene(Nf1+/-).measuring the levels of SP and CGRP by radioimmunoassay,we demonstrated that capsaicinstimulated release of neuropeptides is 3-5 folds higher in spinal cord slices from Nf1+/-mice than that from wildtype mouse *** addition,the potassium-and capsaicin-stimulated release of CGRP from the culture of sensory neurons isolated from Nf1+/-mice was more than double that from the culture of wildtype *** patch-clamp electrophysiological techniques,we also examined the excitability of capsaicin-sensitive sensory *** was found that the number of action potentials generated by the neurons from Nf1+/-mice,responsing to a ramp of depolarizing current,was more than three times of that generated by wildtype *** with that observation,neurons from Nf1+/-mice had lower firing thresholds,lower rheobase currents and shorter firing latencies compared with wildtype *** data clearly demonstrate that GAPs,such as neurofibromin,can alter the excitability of nociceptive sensory *** augmented response of sensory neurons with altered Ras signaling may explain the abnormal pain sensations experienced by people with NF1 and suggests an important role of GAPs in the mechanism of sensor

关键词：感觉神经元神经系统蛋白质多发性神经纤维瘤临床分析

Halogen-specific total organic halogen analysis： Assessment by recovery of total bromine

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第8期29卷 340-348页

作者： markus Langsa Sebastien Allard Ina Kristiana Anna Heitz cynthia A.Joll Curtin Water Quality Research Centre Department of Chemistry Curtin University Perth Western Australia 6102 Australia department of Civil Engineering Curtin University Perth Western Australia 6102 Australia Jurusan Kimia Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan AlamUniversitas PapuaManokwaripapua Barat 98314Indonesia

determination of halogen-specific total organic halogen（TOX） is vital for studies of disinfection of waters containing brom.de, since total organic bromine（TOBr） is likely to be more problematic than total organic chlorine. Here, we present further halogen-specific TOX method optimisation and validation, focusing on measurement of TOBr. The optimised halogen-specific TOX method was validated based on the recovery of m.del compounds covering different classes of disinfection by-products（haloacetic acids, haloacetonitriles,halophenols and halogenated benzenes） and the recovery of total bromine（mass balance of TOBr and brom.de concentrations） during disinfection of waters containing dissolved organic matter and brom.de. The validation of a halogen-specific TOX method based on the mass balance of total bromine has not previously been reported. Very good recoveries of organic halogen from all m.del compounds were obtained, indicating high or complete conversion of all organic halogen in the m.del compound solution through to halide in the absorber solution for ion chromatography analysis. The method was also successfully applied to monitor conversion of brom.de to TOBr in a groundwater treatment plant. An excellent recovery（101%）of total bromine was observed from the raw water to the post-chlorination stage. Excellent recoveries of total bromine（92%–95%） were also obtained from chlorination of a synthetic water containing dissolved organic matter and brom.de, demonstrating the validity of the halogen-specific TOX method for TOBr measurement. The halogen-specific TOX method is an important tool to monitor and better understand the formation of halogenated organic compounds, in particular brominated organic compounds, in drinking water systems.

关键词： Total organic bromine Dissolved organic matter Brom.de Chlorination Drinking water Health effects