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Achoo!

英语画刊（初三版） 2012年第11期 25-27页

作者： cynthia Sherwood

Neurofibromatosis:The role of guanosine triphosphatase activating proteins in sensory neuron function

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生理学报 2008年第5期60卷 581-583页

作者： cynthia M.Hingtgen Departments of Neurology and Pharmacology and Toxicology Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA

Neurofibromatosis type 1(NF1) is a common autosomal dominant disease characterized by formation of multiple benign and malignant *** with this disorder also experience chronic pain,which can be ***,the protein product of the Nf1 gene,is a guanosine triphosphatase activating protein(GAP) for p21Ras(Ras).Loss of Nf1 results in an increase in activity of the Ras transduction *** of the growing evidence suggesting involvement of downstream components of the Ras transduction cascade in the sensitization of nociceptive sensory neurons,we examined the stimulus-evoked release of the neuropeptides,substance P(SP) and calcitonin gene-related peptide(CGRP),from primary sensory neurons of mice with a mutation of the Nf1 gene(Nf1+/-).Measuring the levels of SP and CGRP by radioimmunoassay,we demonstrated that capsaicinstimulated release of neuropeptides is 3-5 folds higher in spinal cord slices from Nf1+/-mice than that from wildtype mouse *** addition,the potassium-and capsaicin-stimulated release of CGRP from the culture of sensory neurons isolated from Nf1+/-mice was more than double that from the culture of wildtype *** patch-clamp electrophysiological techniques,we also examined the excitability of capsaicin-sensitive sensory *** was found that the number of action potentials generated by the neurons from Nf1+/-mice,responsing to a ramp of depolarizing current,was more than three times of that generated by wildtype *** with that observation,neurons from Nf1+/-mice had lower firing thresholds,lower rheobase currents and shorter firing latencies compared with wildtype *** data clearly demonstrate that GAPs,such as neurofibromin,can alter the excitability of nociceptive sensory *** augmented response of sensory neurons with altered Ras signaling may explain the abnormal pain sensations experienced by people with NF1 and suggests an important role of GAPs in the mechanism of sensor

关键词：感觉神经元神经系统蛋白质多发性神经纤维瘤临床分析

Pu-erh tea: A review of a healthful brew

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medical Sciences 2022年第2期9卷 95-99页

作者： Wei Jia cynthia Rajani Aiping Lv Tai-Ping Fan Xiaojiao Zheng The Traditional Chinese Medicine Phenome Research Centre School of Chinese MedicineHong Kong Baptist UniversityHong Kong Special Administrative Region of China University of Hawaii Cancer Center HonoluluHI96813USA Angiogenesis and Traditional Chinese Medicine Laboratory Department of PharmacologyUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeCB21PDUnited Kingdom Center for Translational Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's HospitalShanghai200233China

Pu-erh tea has been used for thousands of years to treat metabolic *** in Shen Nong's Herbal Classic,a compendium kept by the first traditional Chinese practitioners,it is still highly valued for its hypocholesterolemic and hypolipidemic *** review reports the processing and bioactive components of pu-erh *** human and animal studies of pu-erh tea and its potential therapeutic mechanisms have also been *** interaction of liver and gut microbiome regulates the puerh tea biotransformation and endogenous metabolism,and thus contributes to the health benefits.

关键词： Pu-erh tea Theabrownin Gut microbiome Hypocholesterolemic effects Hypolipidemic effects

Intracrine androgen biosynthesis and drug resistance

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Cancer Drug Resistance 2020年第4期3卷 912-929页

作者： Trevor M.Penning Irfan A.Asangani cynthia Sprenger Stephen Plymate Department of Systems Pharmacology&Translational Therapeutics Perelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA 19104USA Department Cancer Biology Perelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA 19104USA Division of Gerontology&Geriatric Medicine Department of MedicineUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWA 98109USA Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center(GRECC) VA Puget Sound Health Care SystemSeattleWA 98108USA

Castration-resistant prostate cancer is the lethal form of prostate cancer and most commonly remains dependent on androgen receptor(AR)*** therapies use AR signaling inhibitors(ARSI)exemplified by abiraterone acetate,a P450c17 inhibitor,and enzalutamide,a potent AR ***,drug resistance to these agents occurs within 12-18 months and they only prolong overall survival by 3-4 *** mechanisms can contribute to ARSI drug *** mechanisms can include but are not limited to germline mutations in the AR,post-transcriptional alterations in AR structure,and adaptive expression of genes involved in the intracrine biosynthesis and metabolism of androgens within the *** review focuses on intracrine androgen biosynthesis,how this can contribute to ARSI drug resistance,and therapeutic strategies that can be used to surmount these resistance mechanisms.

关键词： Prostate cancer abiraterone acetate enzalutamide aldo-keto reductase 1C3 androgen biosynthesis

The effect of environmental contaminants on testicular function

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2011年第4期13卷 585-591页

作者： Premendu Prakash Mathur Shereen cynthia D＇Cruz Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology School of Life Sciences Pondicherry University Pondicherry 605 014 India

Male reproductive health has deteriorated considerably in the last few decades. Nutritional, socioeconomic, lifestyle and environmental factors （among others） have been attributed to compromising male reproductive health. In recent years, a large volume of evidence has accumulated that suggests that the trend of decreasing male fertility （in terms of sperm count, quality and other changes in male reproductive health） might be due to exposure to environmental toxicants. These environmental contaminants can mimic natural oestrogens and target testicular spermatogenesis, steroidogenesis, and the function of both Sertoli and Leydig cells. Most environmental toxicants have been shown to induce reactive oxygen species, thereby causing a state of oxidative stress in various compartments of the testes. However, the molecular mechanism（s） of action of the environmental toxicants on the testis have yet to be elucidated. This review discusses the effects of some of the more commonly used environmental contaminants on testicular function through the induction of oxidative stress and apoptosis.

关键词： apoptosis environmental contaminants male reproduction oxidative stress reactive oxygen species testis spermatogenesis

Identifying further chemicals of emerging arctic concern based on‘in silico’screening of chemical inventories

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Emerging Contaminants 2019年第1期5卷 201-210页

作者： Derek Muir Xianming Zhang cynthia A.de Wit Katrin Vorkamp Simon Wilson Environment&Climate Change Canada Canada Centre for Inland WatersBurlingtonONCanada School of Environment Jinan UniversityGuangzhouChina University of Toronto TorontoONCanada Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry(ACES) Stockholm UniversityStockholmSweden Department of Environmental Science Aarhus UniversityRoskildeDenmark Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Program TromsøNorway

In the past 12 years several studies have screened lists of thousands of chemicals available in the industrial chemical inventories of the European Union,the USA and Canada with the goal of identifying and prioritizing chemicals which are persistent(P),bioaccumulative(B)and toxic(T).Most studies have selected chemicals based on whether their predicted P and B properties and their long-range transport potential exceed guideline thresholds for evaluation of persistent organic pollutants(POPs).A major goal of this study was to review this recent literature on computer-based or‘in silico’screening for POPs.A second goal was to review other approaches for finding previously unidentified chemicals of concern including targeted and non-target analytical approaches that might use lists of suspect chemicals developed from‘in silico’screening *** studies were reviewed along with several others which examined the screening process and its *** these studies we assembled a list of 3421 chemicals,after removing duplicates and substances already on the Stockholm Convention on *** 52%of these were halogenated,while 48%consisted of a broad range of non-halogenated *** list was then further analysed by calculating an overall“POPs score”for transport and accumulation in the Arctic for each substance using predicted partition coefficients,overall persistence,transfer efficiency,and bioaccumulation factor.A shorter list of twenty-five substances was developed based on their POPs score *** substances had not been previously analysed in environmental media but were nevertheless on current or recent chemical inventories indicating significant commercial use.

关键词： Persistent organic pollutants Persistence Bioaccumulation Long-range transport Non-target screening

Abomasal infusion of branched-chain amino acids or branched-chain keto-acids alter lactation performance and liver triglycerides in fresh cows

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 1145-1157页

作者： Kristen Gallagher Isabelle Bernstein cynthia Collings David Main Ghayyoor Ahmad Sarah Naughton Jayasimha Daddam Vengai Mavangira Mike Vandehaar Zheng Zhou Department of Animal Science Michigan State UniversityEast Lansing 48824USA Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine Ames 50011USA

Background Dairy cows are at high risk of fatty liver disease in early lactation,but current preventative measures are not always *** with fatty liver have lower circulating branched-chain amino acid(BCAA)concentra-tions whereas cows with high circulating BCAA levels have low liver triglyceride(TG).Our objective was to determine the impact of BCAA and their corresponding ketoacids(branched-chain ketoacids,BCKA)on production performance and liver TG accumulation in Holstein cows in the first 3 weeks *** Thirty-six multiparous Holstein cows were used in a randomized block design *** were abomasally infused for the first 21 d postpartum with solutions of 1)saline(CON,n=12);2)BCA(67 g valine,50 g leu-cine,and 34 g isoleucine,n=12);and 3)BCK(77 g 2-ketovaline calcium salt,57 g 2-ketoleucine calcium salt,and 39 g 2-ketoisoleucine calcium salt,n=12).All cows received the same *** effects were determined using PROC GLIMMIX in *** No differences were detected for body weight,body condition score,or dry matter intake averaged over the first 21 d *** receiving BCK had significantly lower liver TG concentrations compared to CON(6.60%vs.4.77%,standard error of the mean(SEM)0.49)during the first 3 weeks of *** of BCA increased milk yield(39.5 vs.35.3 kg/d,SEM 1.8),milk fat yield(2.10 vs.1.69 kg/d,SEM 0.08),and lactose yield(2.11 vs.1.67 kg/d,SEM 0.07)compared with *** to CON,cows receiving BCA had lower plasma glucose(55.0 vs.59.2 mg/dL,SEM 0.86)but higherβ-hydroxybutyrate(9.17 vs.6.00 mg/dL,SEM 0.80).Conclusions Overall,BCAA supplementation in this study improved milk production,whereas BCKA supplementa-tion reduced TG accumulation in the liver of fresh cows.

关键词： Branched-chain amino acids Branched-chain ketoacids Fatty liver Fresh cow

Cultural differences defne diagnosis and genomic medicine practice: implications for undiagnosed diseases program in China

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Frontiers of Medicine 2013年第3期7卷 389-394页

作者： Xiaohong Duan Thomas Markello David Adams Camilo Toro cynthia Tifft William A. Gahl Cornelius F. Boerkoel Department of Oral Biology Clinic of Oral Rare Diseases and Genetic Diseases School of Stomatology the Fourth Military Medical University NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program NIH Offce of Rare Diseases Research and NHGRI

Despite the current acceleration and increasing leadership of Chinese genetics research,genetics and its clinical application have largely been imported to China from the *** genetics nor the scientifc reductionism underpinning its clinical application is integral to the traditional Chinese *** that disease concepts and their incumbent diagnoses are historically derived and culturally meaningful,we hypothesize that the cultural expectations of genetic diagnoses and medical genetics practice differ between the Occident and ***,we suggest that an undiagnosed diseases program in China will differ from the recently established Undiagnosed Diseases Program at the United States National Institutes of Health;a culturally sensitive concept will integrate traditional Chinese understanding of disease with the scientifc reductionism of Occidental medicine.

关键词： genetics cultural differences undiagnosed diseases program

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地图让女人走开?

地图 2006年第2期 24-25页

作者： cynthia

风花雪月诗酒花,柴米油盐酱醋茶,无论是自诩为文人骚客还是自嘲为下里巴人,生活的方式也许不一样,自由的精神却是一致的,选择的权利也是平等的,于是,面对同样的物什,有人狂喜,有人远离,有人理智地分析,有人感性地沉迷。

关键词：女人地图故事识图