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Assessing the Effectiveness of Strategies in US Birth Cohort Screening for Hepatitis C Infection

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2020年第1期8卷 25-41页

作者： cynthia J.Tsay Joseph K.Lim Department of Internal Medicine Yale University School of MedicineNew HavenCTUSA Yale Liver Center Section of Digestive DiseasesYale University School of MedicineNew HavenCTUSA

Chronic hepatitis C infection in the USA is a highly morbid condition and current guidelines recommend one-time screening among the birth cohort(1945-1965).Understand-ing strategies to optimize screening can help inform future hepatitis C virus(HCV)screening guidelines.A focused literature search was performed using PubMed and manual abstract review from major hepatology conferences over the past 2 *** search strategy involved using Medical Subject Headings terms for hepatitis C,screening,birth cohort,baby boomers,and *** review was limited to data from the USA.A total of 327 articles were identified and 36 abstracts were included,with studies published between *** including clinician education,electronic medical record alerts,reflex HCV RNA testing,point-of-care testing,multisite(outpatient,inpatient,emergency department,endoscopy suite)initiatives,direct patient solicitation,and utilization of non-physician providers have increased HCV screening ***,broad imple-mentation remains less than *** include lack of patient acceptance to screening and engagement in the HCV care *** Veterans Affairs Healthcare System has achieved higher birth cohort screening rates through an integrated approach requiring high-level engagement by leadership and institutional *** strategies for increasing birth cohort screening have been successful,but overall rates of HCV screening remain *** strat-egies can inform public health efforts to implement emerging national recommendations for expansion of HCV screening to all *** age 18 or older.

关键词： Hepatitis C Epidemiology HCV antibody Screening Birth cohort Baby boomers Care cascade Electronic medical records

Modeling of Catfish Farm Using Lexicographic Linear Goal Programming

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American Journal of Operations Research 2022年第3期12卷 94-110页

作者： Ukamaka cynthia Orumie Egenti Francis Nzerem Chekwube Bartholomew Desmond Department of Mathematics and Statistics University of Port Harcourt Port Harcourt Nigeria Department of Statistics Federal University of Technology Owerri Owerri Nigeria

In this paper, a fish farm was modeled using the Lexicographic linear goal programming approach due to incommensurability in objectives. The study considered the fish farming plan with two sizes of catfish from stocking to harvesting at four-month intervals. The multi-objective goals developed are required raw materials feed, water, light (resource utilization), sales revenue, profit realized, labor utilization, production costs, and pond utilization. The developed model was tested using related data collected from the farm records with the use of TORA 2007 software. The compromised solution from the results showed that the developed model is an efficient tool for decision-making process in the fish farm business organization.

关键词： Goal Programming Incommensurability Lexicographic Multi-Objective Compromised Solution

Mass transport in a highly immiscible alloy on extended shear deformation

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2023年第3期134卷 197-208页

作者： Miao Song Jia Liu Xiaolong Ma Qin Pang Matthew J.Olszta Joshua Silverstein Madhusudhan R.Pallaka Peter V.Sushko Suveen N.Mathaudhu cynthia Powell Arun Devaraj Bharat Gwalani Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate Pacific Northwest National Laboratory902 Battelle BoulevardRichlandWA 99354USA Energy and Environmental Directorate Pacific Northwest National Laboratory902 Battelle BoulevardRichlandWA 99354USA Material Science and Engineering Program University of CaliforniaRiversideCA92521USA Colorado School of Mines 1500 Illinois St.GoldenCO 8040USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC27695-7907USA State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy Central South Uni-versityChangsha 410083China

Forced mixing to a single-phase or supersaturated solid solution(SSS)and its prerequisite microstructure evolution in immiscible systems has been a focus of research for fundamental science and practical *** the formation of SSS by shear deformation could enable a material design beyond conventional equilibrium microstructure in immiscible ***,a highly immiscible Cu-50 at.%Cr binary alloy(mixing enthalpy of∼20 kJ mol^(−1))was employed to investigate the microstructure evolution and localized tendencies of SSS during severe shear *** results demonstrate the dislocation mediated microstructural refinement process in each phase of the binary alloy and the mechanisms associated with localized solute supersaturation as a function of shear *** grain refinement in the softer Cu phase occurs owing to the strain localization driving the preferential dynamic *** grain refinement of the Cr phase,however,is enabled by the progressive evolution of grain lamination,splitting,and fragmentation as a function of shear *** solute supersaturation is found to be strongly dependent on the local environments that affect the dislocation activity,including the level of microstructure refinement,the interfacial orientation relationship,the mechanical incompatibility,and the localized preferential phase *** initio simulations confirm that it is more favorable to oxidize Cr than Cu at incoherent Cu/Cr interfaces,limiting the mass transport on an incoherent *** results unveil the mechanism underpinning the non-equilibrium mass transport in immiscible systems upon severe deformation that can be applied to produce immiscible alloys with superior mechanical properties.

关键词： Tribology Immiscible alloys Nanostructures Shear deformation Forced mixing Atom probe

Giant dedifferentiated liposarcoma of the gastrocolic ligament:A case report

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2023年第10期15卷 2376-2381页

作者： Assamoi Brou Fulgence Kassi Kacou Sebastien Yenon Fian Marc Herve Kassi Adja Jacob Adjeme Khader Morel Diarra cynthia Bombet-Kouame Marcellin Kouassi Surgery and Surgical Specialities Medical Sciences Training and Research UnitAbidjan Felix Houphouet-Boigny UniversityAbidjan 01 BP V 34Cote d'Ivoire Surgery and Surgical Specialities Digestive Surgery UnitUniversity Hospital of CocodyAbidjan 01 BP V13Cote d'Ivoire

BACKGROUND Dedifferentiated liposarcoma(DDLS)has a worse prognosis and occurs most commonly in the retroperitoneal region and rarely in the intraperitoneal *** diagnosis was revolutionized by the combined contributions of histoimmuno-chemistry and molecular *** from surgery,there is no consensus on the optimal treatment for this chemoresistant *** SUMMARY A thirty-year-old black female presented with a large painful abdominal mass occupying nearly the entire abdomen and progressive weight loss was admitted for *** computed tomography showed a large heterogeneous mass of the mesentery that was sized 18 cm×16 cm in size and had heterogeneous contrast *** laparotomy,en bloc excision of the large and multilobulated gastrocolic ligament mass was *** initial postoperative histopathological diagnosis was undifferentiated ***,the results of immunohistochemistry and molecular biology allowed us to confirm the diagnosis of *** tumour followed an aggressive evolution with diffuse metastasis,causing the death of the patient less than 5 mo after the *** Dedifferentiated liposarcomas are rare tumours that typically originate in the retroperitoneum but may arise in unexpected locations.

关键词： Dedifferentiated liposarcoma Gastrocolic ligament mass En bloc excision Immunohistochemistry Molecular biology Worse prognosis Case report

Halogen-specific total organic halogen analysis： Assessment by recovery of total bromine

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第8期29卷 340-348页

作者： Markus Langsa Sebastien Allard Ina Kristiana Anna Heitz cynthia A.Joll Curtin Water Quality Research Centre Department of Chemistry Curtin University Perth Western Australia 6102 Australia Department of Civil Engineering Curtin University Perth Western Australia 6102 Australia Jurusan Kimia Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan AlamUniversitas PapuaManokwaripapua Barat 98314Indonesia

Determination of halogen-specific total organic halogen（TOX） is vital for studies of disinfection of waters containing bromide, since total organic bromine（TOBr） is likely to be more problematic than total organic chlorine. Here, we present further halogen-specific TOX method optimisation and validation, focusing on measurement of TOBr. The optimised halogen-specific TOX method was validated based on the recovery of model compounds covering different classes of disinfection by-products（haloacetic acids, haloacetonitriles,halophenols and halogenated benzenes） and the recovery of total bromine（mass balance of TOBr and bromide concentrations） during disinfection of waters containing dissolved organic matter and bromide. The validation of a halogen-specific TOX method based on the mass balance of total bromine has not previously been reported. Very good recoveries of organic halogen from all model compounds were obtained, indicating high or complete conversion of all organic halogen in the model compound solution through to halide in the absorber solution for ion chromatography analysis. The method was also successfully applied to monitor conversion of bromide to TOBr in a groundwater treatment plant. An excellent recovery（101%）of total bromine was observed from the raw water to the post-chlorination stage. Excellent recoveries of total bromine（92%–95%） were also obtained from chlorination of a synthetic water containing dissolved organic matter and bromide, demonstrating the validity of the halogen-specific TOX method for TOBr measurement. The halogen-specific TOX method is an important tool to monitor and better understand the formation of halogenated organic compounds, in particular brominated organic compounds, in drinking water systems.

关键词： Total organic bromine Dissolved organic matter Bromide Chlorination Drinking water Health effects

Commentary on two reports on animal models of COVID-19

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Animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2020年第2期3卷 115-116页

作者： cynthia Pekow International Council for Laboratory Animal Science BrusselsBelgium

In this communication,I have been invited to comment on the significance of two recent reports:The Pathogenicity of 2019 Novel Coronavirus in hACE2 Transgenic Mice1 and Age-related Rhesus Macaque Models of COVID-19.2 The research was performed under the auspices of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Center,at Peking Union Medical College in Beijing,China.I am a Laboratory Animal Veterinarian,currently serving as the President of the International Council for Laboratory Animal Science(ICLAS).I have no affiliation or conflicting interest to *** opinion expressed here is my own.

关键词： Transgenic China. COV

Designing Sociable Robots

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Stem cell gene therapy:the risks of insertional mutagenesis and approaches to minimize genotoxicity

丛书名： Intelligent Robotics and Autonomous Agents

2002年

作者： Breazeal cynthia L.

ISBN: (纸本)0262025108

cynthia Breazeal here presents her vision of the sociable robot of the future, a synthetic creature and not merely a sophisticated tool. A sociable robot will be able to understand us, to communicate and interact with us, to learn from us and grow with us. It will be socially intelligent in a humanlike way. Eventually sociable robots will assist us in our daily lives, as collaborators and companions. Because the most successful sociable robots will share our social characteristics, the effort to make sociable robots is also a means for exploring human social intelligence and even what it means to be *** defines the key components of social intelligence for these machines and offers a framework and set of design issues for their realization. Much of the book focuses on a nascent sociable robot she designed named Kismet. Breazeal offers a concrete implementation for Kismet, incorporating insights from the scientific study of animals and people, as well as from artistic disciplines such as classical animation. This blending of science, engineering, and art creates a lifelike quality that encourages people to treat Kismet as a social creature rather than just a machine. The book includes a CD-ROM that shows Kismet in action.

关键词： Artificial intelligence.

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Frontiers of Medicine 2011年第4期5卷 356-371页

作者： Chuanfeng Wu cynthia E.Dunbar Hematology Branch National HeartLung and Blood InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMD 20892USA

Virus-based vectors are widely used in hematopoietic stem cell(HSC)gene therapy,and have the ability to integrate permanently into genomic DNA,thus driving long-term expression of corrective genes in all hematopoietic *** date,HSC gene therapy has been successfully employed in the clinic for improving clinical outcomes in small numbers of patients with X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency(SCID-X1),adenosine deaminase deficiency(ADA-SCID),adrenoleukodystrophy(ALD),thalassemia,chronic granulomatous disease(CGD),and Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome(WAS).However,adverse events were observed during some of these HSC gene therapy clinical trials,linked to insertional activation of proto-oncogenes by integrated proviral vectors leading to clonal expansion and eventual development of *** studies have been performed to understand the molecular basis of vector-mediated genotoxicity,with the aim of developing safer vectors and lower-risk gene therapy *** review will summarize current information on the mechanisms of insertional mutagenesis in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells due to integrating gene transfer vectors,discuss the available assays for predicting genotoxicity and mapping vector integration sites,and introduce newlydeveloped approaches for minimizing genotoxicity as a way to further move HSC gene therapy forward into broader clinical application.

关键词： gene therapy hematopoietic stem cells insertional mutagenesis genotoxicity induced pluripotent stem cell

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健康行为改善常规的概念分析

International Journal of Nursing Sciences 2023年第3期10卷 277-287页

作者： Sunny Y.Ruggeri Amanda Emerson cynthia L.Russell School of Nursing and Health Studies University of Missouri-Kansas CityMissouriUSA Dr.Lillian R.Goodman Department of Nursing Worcester State UniversityMassachusettsUSA University of Kansas Medical Center University of Kansas School of NursingKansasUSA

目的慢性病患者常常有不健康的生活习惯,他们需要明确的指导,以建立和维持健康行为改善常规。本研究旨在根据文献中健康行为改善常规的应用情况,对其概念进行综合定义。方法于2022年1一5月,检索CINAHL、Medline、Scopus和谷歌学术中包... 详细信息

目的慢性病患者常常有不健康的生活习惯,他们需要明确的指导,以建立和维持健康行为改善常规。本研究旨在根据文献中健康行为改善常规的应用情况,对其概念进行综合定义。方法于2022年1一5月,检索CINAHL、Medline、Scopus和谷歌学术中包含健康行为改善情景下常规的定义的英文文献,未限定发表日期。采用系统分析方法和Rodgers演化概念分析法,描述健康行为改善常规的属性、前置因素和后续影响,形成该概念的定义。结果共纳人24篇文章。改善健康行为常规概念的属性为重复的模式、患者的可控制性、以目标为导向的健康及融入整个生活方式。前置因素为个体特征和环境因素。后续影响为个体和环境层面的心理、身体和社会健康。结论健康行为改善常规的明确定义可为未来研究提供启发,并为支持慢性病患者建立和保持健康生活习惯的临床护理干预提供依据,从而改善患者结局。

关键词：慢性病健康行为病人生活质量