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Increased oxygen consumption and OXPHOS potential in superhealer mesenchymal stem cells

cell Regeneration 2012年第1期1卷 11-18页

作者： curtis c hughey Maria P Alfaro Darrell D Belke Jeffery N Rottman Pampee P Young David H Wasserman Jane Shearer Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryABCanadaT2N 1N4 Department of Pathology School of MedicineVanderbilt UniversityNashvilleTNUSA37232 Faculty of Kinesiology University of CalgaryCalgaryABCanadaT2N 1N4 Department of Medicine Division of Cardiovascular MedicineSchool of MedicineVanderbilt UniversityNashvilleTNUSA37240 Department of Veterans Affairs Medical center NashvilleTNUSA37232 Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics School of MedicineVanderbilt UniversityNashvilleTNUSA37240 University of calgary KNB Rm 3318.2500 University Dr.NWCalgaryABCanadaT2N 1N4.

Background:cell-based therapies show promise in repairing cardiac tissue and improving contractile performance following a myocardial *** this,ischemia-induced death of transplanted cells remains a major hurdle to the efficacy of treatment.‘Superhealer’MRL/MpJ mesenchymal stem cells(MRL-MScs)have been reported to exhibit increased engraftment resulting in reduced infarct size and enhanced contractile *** study determines whether intrinsic differences in mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation(OXPHOS)assist in explaining the enhanced cellular survival and engraftment of ***:compared to wild type MScs(WT-MScs),mitochondria from intact MRL-MScs exhibited an increase in routine respiration and maximal electron transport capacity by 2.0-and 3.5-fold,*** routine oxygen utilization is expressed as a portion of maximal cellular oxygen flux,the MRL-MScs have a greater spare respiratory ***,glutamate/malate-and succinate-supported oxygen consumption in permeabilized cells was elevated approximately 1.25-and 1.4-fold in the MRL-MScs,***:The results from intact and permeabilized MScs indicate MRL-MScs exhibit a greater reliance on and capacity for aerobic *** greater capacity for oxidative metabolism may provide a protective effect by increasing ATP synthesis per unit substrate and prevent glycolysis-mediated acidosis and subsequent cell death upon transplantation into the glucose-and oxygen-deprived environment of the infarcted heart.

关键词： Energetics Mitochondria Oxidative phosphorylation Stem cells

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Increased locomotor activity in estrogen-treated ovariectomized rats is associated with nucleus accumbens dopamine and is not reduced by dietary sodium deprivation

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Integrative Zoology 2018年第6期13卷 783-794页

作者： Enith ESPINOSA Kathleen S.curtis Oklahoma State University-center for Health Sciences TulsaOklahomaUSA

Estrogens are well known to increase locomotor activity in laboratory rodents;however,the underlying mechanism remains *** used voluntary wheel running by female rats as an index of locomotor behavior to investigate this *** first determined whether the estrogen-induced increase in locomotion was susceptible to inhibition by a physiological challenge,and next whether it was associated with dopaminergic activation in the central reward area,nucleus *** rats were given estradiol or the oil vehicle and housed in cages with or without running *** rats were given regular rodent chow for 1 week,a sodium-deficient diet for the next week,and then were returned to a regular diet for another *** the end of the last week,all rats were killed,brains were extracted and dopamine levels in the nucleus accumbens were *** expected,estradiol treatment increased distance ***,dietary sodium deprivation further increased running,but this appeared to be related to experience with wheel running,rather than to sodium deprivation,per *** was greater in the nucleus accumbens of estradiol-treated rats that ran compared to all other ***,the estrogen-induced increase in locomotion is a robust phenomenon that is not inhibited by a body sodium challenge and is associated with elevated levels of dopamine in reward *** findings raise the possibility that the estrogen-induced increase in locomotor activity,which occurs during a hormonal milieu conducive to reproduction,may reflect mate-seeking behavior and,thereby,maximize reproductive success.

关键词： locomotor activity reproductive hormones reward pathways

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Deuterated polyethylene nanowire arrays for high-energy density physics

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2021年第2期9卷 262-268页

作者： M.G.capeluto A.curtis c.calvi R.Hollinger V.N.Shlyaptsev J.J.Rocca electrical and computer engineering department colorado state universityfort collinsco 80523usa departamento de física universidad de buenos aires-ifiba1428 buenos airesargentina physics department colorado state universityfort collinsco 80523usa

The interaction of intense,ultrashort laser pulses with ordered nanostructure arrays offers a path to the efficient creation of ultra-high-energy density(UHED)matter and the generation of high-energy particles with compact *** of deuterated nanowires arrays results in a near-solid density environment with extremely high temperatures and large electromagnetic fields in which deuterons are accelerated to multi-megaelectronvolt energies,resulting in deuterium–deuterium(D–D)*** we focus on the method of fabrication and the characteristics of ordered arrays of deuterated polyethylene *** irradiation of these array targets with femtosecond pulses of relativistic intensity and joule-level energy creates a micro-scale fusion environment that produced 2×10^(6)neutrons per joule,an increase of about 500 times with respect to flat solid cD2 targets irradiated with the same laser *** with 8 J laser pulses was measured to generate up to 1.2×10^(7)D–D fusion neutrons per shot.

关键词： deuterated nanowires arrays fusion neutrons ultra-high-energy density plasmas

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Dilution sampling and analysis of particulate matter in biomass-derived syngas

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2011年第3期5卷 320-330页

作者： Xiaoliang WANG curtis ROBBINS S.Kent HOEKMAN Judith c.cHOW John G.WATSON Dennis ScHUETZLE Division of Atmospheric Sciences Desert Research Institute(DRI)RenoNV 89512USA Renewable Energy Institute International(REII)McClellanCA 95652USA

Thermochemical biomass gasification,followedby conversion of the produced syngas to fuels andelectrical power,is a promising energy *** of particulate matter(PM)and othercontaminants in the syngas is important to minimizedamage and ensure efficient operation of the engines itpowers and the fuels created from it.A dilution samplingsystem is demonstrated to quantify PM in syngas generatedfrom two gasification plants utilizing different biomassfeedstocks:a BioMax®15 Biopower System that uses rawand torrefied woodchips as feedstocks,and an integratedbiorefinery(IBR)that uses rice hulls and woodchips ***_(2.5)mass concentrations in syngas from theIBR downstream of the purification system were 12.8-13.7μg·m^(-3),which were significantly lower than themaximum level for catalyst protection(500μg·m^(-3))andwere 2-3 orders of magnitude lower than those inBioMax®15 syngas(2247-4835μg·m^(-3)).Ultrafine particlenumber concentration and PM_(2.5)chemical constituentswere also much lower in the IBR syngas than in theBioMax®*** dilution sampling system enabledreliable measurements over a wide range of concentrations:the use of high sensitivity instruments allowed measurementat very low concentrations(~1μg·m^(-3)),while theflexibility of dilution minimized sampling problems thatare commonly encountered due to high levels of tars in rawsyngas(~1 g·m^(-3)).

关键词： dilution source sampling syngas characterization biomass gasification ultrafine particles

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carbon capture and sequestration:The roles of agriculture and soils

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2016年第1期9卷 1-8页

作者： Bill Stout Rattan Lal curtis Monger Michigan State University East LansingMichigan 48824USA Texas A&M University College StationTexas 77843-2117USA carbon Management and Sequestration center The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhio 43210USA Pedology and Environmental Science New Mexico State UniversityLas CrucesNew Mexico 88003USA

Renewable energy as a replacement for fossil fuels is highly desirable,but the reality is that fossil fuels(especially coal and petroleum)will be major sources of global energy for many decades to ***,carbon capture is vital to reduce release of carbon emissions and other GHG’s to the atmosphere thereby mitigating global *** presentation is a review of the role of agriculture and soils in carbon *** sequestration in soils is the process of transferring cO2 from the atmosphere into soils through crop *** carbon sequestration increases with practices long recommended to increase yields,such as no-till,manure application,agroforestry and cover *** is a Win-Win-Win strategy―advancing food security,improving the environment,and mitigating global *** enrichment in greenhouse culture is in widespread use and has been adopted by many commercial *** results in remarkable increases in yields of flowers and *** has shown the same increase in yields of trees and field crops with higher cO2 *** question is,how can cO2 be applied to field crops to increase yields?Restoration of desertified lands would improve soil quality,increase the pool of c in soils and forests,reduce cO2 emission to the atmosphere,and improve soil *** of additional carbon in soils would reduce cO2 emissions to the atmosphere thus mitigating global *** of forests is important,but real trees have ecological *** trees could be used to absorb cO2 from the air any place on the planet,from any source―power plants,vehicles,and all industrial *** of cO2 in irrigation water could reduce the pH and help restore alkaline *** is needed to further clarify the cost and benefit of many agriculture technologies for capturing and storing carbon.

关键词： carbon capture sequestration soils agriculture parasitic cost of carbon capture and sequestration

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Sleep No More： Nightmares in Emerging Nazi Germany

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Sociology Study 2017年第1期7卷 7-11页

作者： Rebecca c. curtis Adelphi University USA

charlotte Beradt collected hundreds of dreams she gathered in Germany between 1933 and 1939, hid them, and then sent them abroad. According to her The Third Reich of Dreams, people living under the totalitarian government of Nazi Germany had fears of listening devices picking up their own thoughts even when they were asleep, of having no walls, and of being condemned for talking in their sleep. The dreams reveal fears, insecurities, confusion, guilt, and lack of trust. Dream research has often been impaired because researchers were examining dreams during REM ~Rapid Eye Movement） sleep, while many nightmares occur during non-REM sleep. The Beradt＇s study showed the advantage of retrospective accounts. Dreams of other trauma victims include the discovery of dead bodies and being killed oneself and often replicas of actual events. Such nightmares preclude the restorative function of sleep. Psychotherapy, however, using dreams from traumas when conducted in a safe environment, can be helpful and relieve patients from suffering.

关键词： Traumatic dreams Nazis nightmares

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Acorn size and tolerance to seed predators:the multiple roles of acorns as food for seed predators,fruit for dispersal and fuel for growth

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Integrative Zoology 2018年第3期13卷 251-266页

作者： Andrew W.BARTLOW Salvatore JAGOSTA Rachel curtis Xianfeng YI Michael ASTEELE Department of Biology and The WIESS Institute for Environmental Science and Sustainability Wilkes UniversityWilkes BarrePennsylvaniaUSA Present address:Department of Biology University of UtahSalt Lake CityUtahUSA center for Environmental Studies and Department of Biology Virginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVirginiaUSA Present address:Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexasUSA college of Life Sciences Jiangxi Normal UniversityNanchangJiangxiChina.

Fitness of parents and offspring is affected by offspring *** oaks(Quercus spp.),acorns vary considerably in size across,and within,*** size influences dispersal and establishment of oaks,but it is not known whether size imparts tolerance to seed ***,we examine the relative extent to which cotyledon size serves as both a means for sustaining partial consumption and energy reserves for developing seedlings during early stages of *** of 6 oak species were damaged to simulate acorn predation by vertebrate and invertebrate seed *** germination/emergence and growth rates were used to assess seedling *** predicted that if cotyledons are important for dispersal,acorns should show tolerance to partial seed ***,if the cotyledon functions primarily as an energy reserve,damage should significantly influence seedling *** of each species germinated and produced seedlings even after removing>50%of the *** mass explained only some of the variation in *** species,larger acorns performed better than smaller acorns when *** acorns performed as well or better than damaged *** was no pattern among individual species with increasing amounts of *** some species,simulated invertebrate damage resulted in the poorest performance,suggesting alternative strategies of oaks to sustain *** cotyledons in acorns may be important for attracting seed dispersers and sustaining partial damage,while also providing energy to young *** of oak establishment may follow from the resilience of acorns to sustain damage at an early stage.

关键词： acorns damage tolerance dispersal Quercus seed size

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分析透射电镜在成岩粘土矿物研究中的应用

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地质地球化学 1989年第1期17卷 65-66页

作者： c.D.curtis 刘羽武汉化工学院岩矿教研室

分析违射电镜具有高的空间分辨丰和可提供良好的结构信息及晶体结构信息等优点,特别适宜于研究粘土矿物。

关键词：透射电镜粘土矿矿物分析

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Biochemical and Molecular Epidemiology of cancer

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 1991年第1期4卷 73-92页

作者： HARUHIKO SUGIMURA AINSLEY WESTON NEIL E.cAPORASO PETER G.SHIELDS ELISE D.BOWMAN ROBERT A.METcALF curtis c.HARRIS Laboratory of Human carcinogenesis Laboratory of Human CarcinogenesisEnvironmental Epidemiology Branch National Cancer Institute National Institutes of HealthLaboratory of Human CarcinogenesisLaboratory of Human CarcinogenesisLaboratory of Human CarcinogenesisLaboratory of Human Carcinogenesis Rockville Maryland 20892

Examples of practical approaches to molecular epidemiology of human cancer are described. Biomarkers of carcinogen exposure or inherited host factors for cancer susceptibility are discussed. Major advances have been made in the detection of carcinogen-macromolecular adducts through the use of high performance liquid chromatography, immunoaffinity chromatography, the 32P-postlabeling assay, enzyme immunoassays, gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy and synchronous spectrophotofluorimetry. The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon- DNA adducts are the most extensively studied in this field and together with antibodies to these adducts found in human serum, they have become useful indicators of exposure to carcinogens. Assays for various kinds of alky 1-DNA adducts have also been developed and the presence of these adducts have been documented in human tissues. carcinogen-protein adducts have proven to be useful molecular dosimeters of carcinogen exposure. For example, 4-aminobiphenyl hemoglobin adducts are highly correlated with exposure to tobacco smoke. The study of the molecular aspects of interindividual differences in the metabolism and activation of xenobiotics and other genetic markers [DNA-restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs), mutations, and functional loss of specific genes in carcinogenesis] is an emerging new field that is discussed in the context of genetic susceptibility to cancer. The cytochrome P450 phenotypes and acetylation phenotype are examples of genetic markers that indicate an individual's potential for metabolism of exogenous substances. Further, inherited genetic polymorphic markers, e.g., DNA-RFLPs at protooncogene loci (HRAS-1 and L-myc) have been examined in a case-control study of lung cancer. Data concerning mutations of protooncogenes (H-, K-, and N-RAS) and tumor suppressor genes (retinoblastoma and p53 genes) in various common cancers are providing evidence of multiple genetic lesions that occur during the multistage process of ca

关键词： gene DNA Biochemical and Molecular Epidemiology of cancer

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cdc42 regulates the cellular localization of cdc42ep1 in controlling neural crest cell migration

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Journal of Molecular cell Biology 2018年第5期10卷 376-387页

作者： Shlomi cohen Daniel T. Kovari Wenbin Wei Rebecca Keate Jennifer E. curtis Shuyi Nie School of Biological Sciences Georgia institute of Technology Atlanta GA 30332 USA School of Physics Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA 30332 USA Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA 30332 USA Department of Physics Emory University Atlanta GA 30322 USA Wallace H. coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering Georgia institute of Technology Atlanta GA 30332 USA

The member of Rho family of small GTPases cdc42 plays important and conserved roles in cell polarity and motility. The cdc42ep family proteins have been identified to bind to cdc42, yet how they interact with cdc42 to regulate cell migration remains to be elucidated. In this study, we focus on cdc42epl, which is expressed predominantly in the highly migratory neural crest ceils in frog embryos. Through morpholino-mediated knockdown, we show that cdc42epl is required for the migration of cranial neural crest cells. Loss of cdc42epl leads to rounder cell shapes and the formation of membrane blebs, consistent with the observed disruption in actin organization and focal adhesion alignment. As a result, cdc42ep1 is critical for neural crest cells to apply traction forces at the correct place to migrate efficiently. We further show that cdc42ep1 is localized to two areas in neural crest celts： in membrane protrusions together with cdc42 and in perinuciear patches where cdc42 is absent. cdc42 directly interacts with cdc42epl （through the cRIB domain） and changes in cdc42 level shift the distribution of cdc42epl between these two subcellular locations, controlling the formation of membrane protrusions and directionality of migration as a consequence. These results suggest that cdc42ep1 elaborates cdc42 activity in neural crest cells to promote their efficient migration.

关键词： actin cytoskeleton neural crest Rho GTPases cdc42 effector protein 1 cell migration

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