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A fast and effective method to perform paternity testing for Wolong giant pandas

Chinese Science Bulletin 2011年第24期56卷 2559-2564页

作者： LI DeSheng cui hengmin WANG ChengDong LING ShanShan HUANG Zhi ZHANG HeMin China Research and Conservation Center for the Giant Panda Ya'an 625000 China Medical College of Animal Sichuan Agricultural University Ya'an 625000 China Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife of the Ministry of Education and State Conservation Center for Gene Resources of Endangered Wildlife Hangzhou 310058 China

Captive populations provide a precious genetic resource for endangered animals and a source of individuals for reintroduction to depleted habitats. Therefore, accuracy in determining paternity is of vital importance for managing captive populations and in selecting representative individuals of known genetic characteristics for release. In this study, we established a fast and effective method to conduct paternity testing for captive giant pandas in the Wolong population. This technique uses two highly polymor phic microsatellites initially, subsequent use of five less polymorphic markers and then paternity exclusion testing carried out using the giant panda paternity exclusion program we have developed. Our results revealed that (1) both sets of markers success- fully identified the real fathers in 25 cases of paternity testing and (2) the success rate of paternity exclusion varied with the degree of polymorphism of the markers used. Subsequently, we conducted correlation analysis between the success rates of paterni- ty identification with these markers, parameters of genetic diversity and tests of neutrality. We found that the paternity exclusion power of microsatellites was significantly correlated with the number of alleles (Na), expected heterozygosity (HE) and observed homozygosity statistic (FO) (all P < 0.05). From this, we developed a new variable, Na?HE/FO, showing a highly significant positive correlation with the resolution power of microsatellites (P = 0.001). Moreover, the first two highly polymorphic loci gave a 100% success rate of excluding non-paternal males because they yielded higher values of Na?HE/FO than the other five less pol- ymorphic markers. Thus, the Na?HE/FO parameter appears suitable to serve as a criterion for selecting microsatellite markers, which could be used for high-resolution molecular techniques of paternity determination among a range of captive animals besides giant pandas.

关键词：圈养大熊猫亲子鉴定卧龙多态性位点分子生物学技术多态标记圈养种群遗传资源

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Pathology of spleen in chickens fed on a diet deficient in methionine

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Health 2012年第1期4卷 32-38页

作者： Bangyuan Wu hengmin cui Xi Peng Jing Fang Wei cui Xiaodong Liu 不详

The purpose of this 42-day study was to investigate the effects of methionine deficiency on spleen by determining the relative weight, morphological changes of spleen, cell cycle and apoptosis of splenocytes, and oxidative markers of serum and spleen. One hundred and twenty one-day-old avian broilers were randomly divided into two groups and fed on a control diet (starter diet, methionine 0.50%;grower diet, methionine 0.40%) and methionine deficient diet (starter diet, methionine 0.26%;grower diet, methionine 0.28%) for 6 weeks. The relative weight of spleen was lighter in methionine deficiency than control group. Histopathologically, lymphopenia and congestion were observed. Ultrastructurally, there were more apoptosis lymphocytes in spleen and the mitochondria of lymphocytes were swelled in methionine deficiency. By flow cytometry, the G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle of the spleen was much higher (P < 0.01), and the S, G2+M phases and proliferating index were lower (P < 0.01) in methionine deficiency than in control group. And the percentage of apoptotic cells in the spleen was significantly increased in methionine deficiency (P < 0.01).The superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities, and abilities to inhibit hydroxyl radicals were greatly decreased while the malondialdehyde contents were markedly increased in methionine deficiency. It was concluded that methionine deficiency could restraine the development of the spleen by cell cycle arrest and increased apoptosis, cause splenic lesions and reduce splenic antioxidant function. The splenic function should be finally impaired and then the immune function could be impacted in chickens.

关键词： Methionine Deficiency Spleen Lesions Antioxidant Function Flow Cytometry Broiler

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Suppression of renal cell proliferation, induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest: Cytotoxicity of vanadium in broilers

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Health 2012年第2期4卷 101-107页

作者： Xiaodong Liu hengmin cui Xi Peng Jing Fang Wei cui Bangyuan Wu Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province College of Veterinary Medicine Sichuan Agricultural University Sichuan China

The aims of this study were to clarify the effects of high vanadium on the renal cell cycle and apoptosis in broilers. 420 one-day-old avian broilers were divided into six groups and fed on a control diet (vanadium 0.073 mg/kg), and five high vanadium diets (vanadium 5 mg/kg, high vanadium group I;15 mg/kg, high vanadium group II;30 mg/kg, high vanadium group III;45 mg/kg, high vanadium group IV;60 mg/kg, high vanadium group V) throughout the experimental period of 42 days. As tested by flow cytometry, the percentage of apoptotic renal cells was increased in high vanadium group II, III, IV and V when compared with that of control group. The Proliferating index (PI) of renal cell and the ratio of S, G2 + M phase cells were markedly decreased and population of G0/G1 cells was increased in high vanadium group II, III, IV and V. The results showed that dietary vanadium in excess of 15 mg/kg was toxic to kidney by the renal cells cycle arrest and increased apoptosis, which caused the growth depression of the kidney in broilers.

关键词： Dietary High Vanadium Renal Cells Apoptosis Cell Cycle Flow Cytometry (FCM) Broiler

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Effects of Nickel Chloride on Histopathological Lesions and Oxidative Damage in the Thymus

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Health 2014年第21期6卷 2875-2882页

作者： Kun Tang Jian Li Shuang Yin Hongrui Guo Jie Deng hengmin cui Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province Ya’an China College of Veterinary Medicine Sichuan Agricultural University Ya’an China

The purpose of this study was to observe the histopathological lesions and oxidative damage induced by dietary nickel chloride (NiCl2) in the thymus. A total of 280 one-day-old avian broilers were divided into four groups and fed on a corn-soybean basal diet as the control diet or the same basal diet supplemented with 300, 600, and 900 mg/kg of NiCl2 for 42 days. In the NiCl2-treated groups, the broiler weight and thymic relative weight were significantly (P P < 0.01) decreased. Histopathologically, thymic corpuscles were increased and enlarged;the reticular cells were degenerate and necrotic, and lymphocytes were slightly decreased and loosely arranged in the medulla of thymus in the 600 mg/kg and 900 mg/kg groups. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and the ability to inhibit hydroxy radical and glutathione (GSH) content were significantly (P P < 0.01) lower in the NiCl2-treated groups than those in the control group, while MDA content was higher. The above-mentioned results demonstrated that dietary NiCl2 in excess of 300 mg/kg could reduce the broiler weight and thymic relative weight, and cause histopathological lesions and oxidative damage in the thymus, which finally impaired the thymic function.

关键词： Nickel Chloride Histopathological Lesions Oxidative Damage Thymus Broiler

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Investigation of the serum oxidative stress in broilers fed on diets supplemented with nickel chloride

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Health 2013年第3期5卷 454-459页

作者： Bangyuan Wu hengmin cui Xi Peng Jing Fang Zhicai Zuo Junliang Deng Jianying Huang Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province College of Veterinary Medicine Sichuan Agricultural University Ya’an China. Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province College of Veterinary Medicine Sichuan Agricultural University Ya'an China Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province College of Veterinary Medicine Sichuan Agricultural University Ya'an China.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the serum oxidative stress induced by dietary nickel chloride (NiCl2) in broilers. A total of 240 one-day-old avian broilers were divided into four groups and fed on a cornsoybean basal diet as control diet or the same basal diet supplemented with 300 mg/kg, 600 mg/kg and 900 mg/kg NiCl2. During the experimental period of 42 days, oxidative stress parameters were determined for both control and experimental groups. The results showed that malondialdehyde (MDA) content was significantly higher (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01) in the 300 mg/kg, 600 mg/kg and 900 mg/kg groups than that in the control group. In contrast, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione per- oxidase (GSH-Px), and the ability to inhibit hydroxy radical, and glutathione hormone (GSH) content were significantly decreased (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01) in the 300 mg/kg, 600 mg/kg and 900 mg/kg groups in comparison with those of the control group. It was concluded that dietary NiCl2 in excess of 300 mg/kg could cause oxidative stress, which could finally impaired the antioxidant function in broilers.

关键词： Broiler Nickel Chloride Oxidative Stress Serum

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Effect of dietary vanadium on small intestinal morphology in broilers

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Health 2012年第9期4卷 667-674页

作者： Kangping Wang hengmin cui Xi Peng Zhicai Zuo Jing Fang Junliang Deng Yuanxin Deng Wei cui Bangyuan Wu Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province College of Veterinary Medicine Sichuan Agricultural University Ya’an China

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of dietary vanadium on small intestinal morphology of broilers by the methods of light microscopy (LM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). A total of 420 one-day-old avian broilers were divided into six groups (seven replicates in each group and ten broilers in each replicate) and fed on a control diet or the same diet supplemented with 5, 15, 30, 45 and 60 mg/kg vanadium in the form of ammonium metavanadate for 42 days. In comparison with those in the control group, the intestinal villus heights were decreased (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01) in the 30, 45 and 60 mg/kg groups, and crypt depths and villus height/crypt depth ratio were decreased in the 45 and 60 mg/kg groups. Ultrastructurally, the microvilli were apparently sparse and short, and the numbers of lysosomes were increased in abovementioned three intestines in the 45 and 60 mg/kg groups at 42 days of age. In conclusion, dietary vanadium in excess of 30 mg/kg could alter the villus height, crypt depth, villus height/crypt depth ratio and ultrastructure, which might impact the development of small intestines in broilers.

关键词： Vanadium Villus Crypt Microvillus Intestine Broiler

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Effects of High Dietary Fluoride on Serum Biochemistry and Oxidative Stress Parameters in Broiler Chickens

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Health 2014年第14期6卷 1840-1848页

作者： Yubing Deng hengmin cui Xi Peng Jing Fang Zhicai Zuo Junliang Deng Qin Luo Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province College of Veterinary Medicine Sichuan Agricultural University Ya’an China Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province College of Veterinary Medicine Sichuan Agricultural University Ya’an China

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of high dietary fluoride (F) on serum biochemistry and oxidative damage in broiler chickens. 280 one-day-old healthy avian broiler chickens were randomly allotted into four equal groups and fed with a corn-soybean basal diet containing 22.6 mg·F/kg (control group) or same basal diets supplemented with 400, 800, and 1200 mg·F/kg (high F groups I, II, and III) in the form of sodium fluoride for 42 days. At 42 days of age, the serum F content was markedly higher in the three high F groups than that in the control group. From 28 to 42 days of age, the contents of serum total protein (TP) and albumin (ALB) were significantly lower in the three high F groups. From 14 to 42 days of age, the activities of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and the creatinine (Crea) contents in the serum showed a marked increase in the three high F groups;aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity and uric acid (Ua) content were significantly increased, and a significant increase in the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) along with marked decreases in the activities of total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), catalase (CAT), the glutathione (GSH) content and the ability to inhibit hydroxyl radical were observed in the high F groups II and III. In conclusion, F has accumulated in the blood circulatory system and dietary F in the range of 800 - 1200 mg/kg could significantly induce abnormalities of bone, liver and kidney, inhibit the synthesis of protein, enhance lipid peroxidation and disturb the antioxidative system of broiler chickens.

关键词： Biochemical Indexes Broiler Chickens High Dietary Fluoride Oxidative Stress Serum

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雏野鸭缺钙性佝偻病的病理学观察

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中国兽医杂志 2000年第5期26卷 16-17页

作者：崔恒敏四川农业大学职业技术师范学院雅安625014

钙磷不足或缺乏引起的佝偻病是家禽常见的营养代谢疾病,多发生于生长旺盛的2～4周龄肉鸡和鸭.

关键词：雏野鸭缺钙性佝偻病病理学症状

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Effects of Aflatoxin B1 on T-Cell Subsets and Cytokines mRNA Expression in the Intestine of Broilers

Effects of Aflatoxin B1 on T-Cell Subsets and Cytokines mRNA...

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第七届中国畜牧科技论坛

作者： Jiang min Peng xi Fang jing cui hengmin Yu zhengqiang Chen zhengli Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province College of Veterinary Medicine Sichuan Agricultural University

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of AFB on T-cell subsets and cytokines mRNA expression in the small intestine of *** hundred and fifty six one-day-old healthy Cobb broilers were randomly divided into control group(0 mg/kg AFB)and AFB group(0.6 mg/kg AFB) with three replicates per group and 26 birds per replicate for 21 days,*** 7,14,and 21 days of age,the duodenum,jejunum and ileum were sampled for analyzing T cell subsets(CD3+,CD3+CD4+and CD3+CD8+)by flow cytometry as well as IL-2,IL-4,IL-6,IL-10,IL-17,IFN-γ and TNF-α mRNA expression by *** percentages of T-cell in the intra-epithelial lymphocytes(IELs) and lamina propria lymphocytes(LPLs) of duodenum,jejunum and ileum in the AFB group showed a decreased tendency in comparison to the control *** mRNA expression of cytokines in the three intestinal segments in the AFB group presented a general decline compared with the control *** data demonstrated that 0.6 mg/kg AFB in broilers diet could reduce the percentages of T-cell subsets and the expression level of cytokines mRNA in the small intestine,implying that the immune function of the intestinal mucosa might be *** reduction of cytokines mRNA expression may be closely associated with the decreased proportions of T cells subsets induced by AFB.

关键词： aflatoxin B1 T-cell subsets cytokine intestinal mucosal immunity broilers

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Distribution and developmental changes in Neuropeptide Y-and its Y1 receptor-like immunoreactive cells in the duck thymus

Distribution and developmental changes in Neuropeptide Y-and...

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第七届中国畜牧科技论坛

作者： Jiang min Liu chunyu Fang jing Peng xi Fan junde cui hengmin Yin heng College of Veterinary Medicine Sichuan Agricultural University Colleage of Biological and Agro-forestry Engineering Tongren University

The aim of this work was to investigate the distribution and developmental changes of Neuropeptide-Y(NPY) and its Y1 receptor(NPYY1)-like immunoreactivity cells in the duck thymus using immunohistochemistry associated with morphological *** were carried out on Tianfu ducks on days 14,18,22 and 26 days of embryogenesis(E14,E18,E22 and E26) as well as at 0(neonatal stage),3,5,8,11,20 and 32 weeks of postnatal development(P0,P3,P5,P8,P11,P20 and P32).NPY-like immunoreactivity(NPY-ir) was mainly detected in the epithelial reticular cells and vascular smooth muscles,slightly in the lymphocytes from E26 *** E26,NPY-ir was restricted to the epithelial reticular cells of diffuse forms of Hassall’s corpuscle(DHC).The integral optical density(IOD) values of NPY-ir cells in the cortex and medulla did not significantly changed from P0 to11,and then dramatically rose from P20 to ***1-like immunoreactivity(NPYY1-ir)was mainly observed in the lymphocytes,slightly in the epithelial reticular cells of DHC and the vascular smooth muscles from E18 *** IOD values of NPYY1-ir cells significantly increased from E18 to E22,then kept unchanged until P0,and greatly increased on P3,and then remained stable until P11,but dramatically increased from P20 to *** results suggest that the possible interaction between NPY and NPYY1 may take place within the duck thymus chiefly during the post embryonic development,which might be of great importance for the function of thymocytes,as well as duck thymus involution.

关键词： Neuropeptide-Y Neuropeptide-Y Y1 receptor thymus Tianfu ducks

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