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Resilience, the 6th Vital Sign: Conceptualizing, Contextualizing, and Operationalizing All Six Vital Signs

health 2024年第7期16卷 657-673页

作者： Rose E. Constantino Betty j. Braxter Chi Ching Vivian hui Larissa C. Allen Lillian j. Wolfe Katherine h. Endres jezyl Cempron Cutamora Laurence L. Garcia Daisy R. Palompon Kathleen Thimsen Brayden N. Kameg Margarete L. Zalon Department of health and Community Systems School of Nursing University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA Undergraduate Affairs School of Nursing University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA The hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong China School of Nursing Adjunct Faculty at the University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA School of Nursing University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA Department of health Promotion and Development School of Nursing University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA College of Nursing Cebu Normal University Cebu City Philippines School of Nursing University of Nevada Las Vegas USA Department of health and Community Systems University of Pittsburgh PA USA Department of Nursing University of Scranton Scranton PA USA

There are five vital signs that healthcare providers assess: temperature, pulse, respiration, blood pressure, and pain. Normal levels for the five vital signs are published by the American heart Association, and other specialty organizations, however, the sixth vital sign (resilience) which adopts the measure of immune resilience is suggested in this paper. Resilience is the ability of the immune system to respond to attacks and defend effectively against infections and inflammatory stressors, and psychological resilience is the capacity to resist, adapt, recover, thrive, and grow from a challenge or a stressor. Individuals with better optimal immune resilience had better health outcomes than those with minimal immune resilience. The purpose of this paper is to conceptualize, contextualize, and operationalize all six vital signs. We suggest measuring resilience subjectively and objectively. Subjectively, use a 5-item guided interview revised from the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CDRC), a scale of 10 items. The revised CDRC scale is a 5-item scale. The scale is rated on a 5-point Likert scale from 0 (not true) to 4 (true all the time). The total score ranges from 0 to 20, with higher total scores indicating greater resilience. The scale demonstrated good construct validity and internal consistency (α = 0.85) during the development of the scale. The CD-RISC had a good Cronbach’s alpha level of 0.85. The Revised CD-RISC can be completed in 2 - 4 minutes. To measure resilience objectively, we suggest using Immune Resilience (IR) levels, the level of resilience to preserve and/or rapidly restore immune resilience functions that promote disease resistance and control inflammation and other inflammatory stress. IR levels are gauged with two peripheral blood metrics that quantify the balance between CD8 and CD4 T-cell levels and gene expression signatures tracking longevity-associated immunocompetence and mortality- or entropy-associated inflammation. IR deregulation i

关键词： Conceptualization Contextualization Operationalization Body Temperature Pulse Respiration Blood Pressure Pain Resilience

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Biomass gasification,catalytic technologies and energy integration for production of circular methanol:New horizons for industry decarbonisation

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journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第6期140卷 306-318页

作者： Luis F.Bobadilla Lola Azancot Miriam González-Castañ Estela Ruíz-López Laura Pastor-Pérez Francisco j.Durán-Olivencia Runping Ye Katie Chong Paula hBlanco-Sánchez Zenthao Wu Tomás R.Reina joséA.Odriozola Departamento de Química Inorgánica e Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla Centro Mixto CSIC-Universidad de SevillaAvda.Américo Vespucio 49Sevilla 41092Spain Departamento de Ingeniería Universidad Loyola AndalucíaAvda.de Las Universidades s/nSevilla 41704Spain Key Laboratory of jiangxi Province for Environment and Energy Catalysis School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanchang UniversityNanchang330031China Energy and Bioproducts Research Institute(EBRI) Aston UniversityBirminghamB47ETUnited Kingdom Department of Chemical and Process Engineering University of SurreyGuildfordGU27XHUnited Kingdom

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(IPCC)recognises the pivotal role of renewable energies in the future energy system and the achievement of the zero-emission *** implementation of renewables should provide major opportunities and enable a more secure and decentralised energy supply *** fuels provide long-term solutions for the transport sector,particularly for applications where fuels with high energy density are *** addition,it helps reducing the carbon footprint of these sectors in the *** on biomass characteristics feedstock is essential for scaling-up gasification from the laboratory to *** review deals with the transformation biogenic residues into a valuable bioenergy carrier like biomethanol as the liquid sunshine based on the combination of modified mature technologies such as gasification with other innovative solutions such as membranes and microchannel *** abatement is a critical process in product gas upgrading since tars compromise downstream processes and equipment,for this,membrane technology for upgrading syngas quality is discussed in this *** reactor technology with the design of state-of-the-art multifunctional catalysts provides a path to develop decentralised biomethanol synthesis from biogenic ***,the development of a process chain for the production of(i)methanol as an intermediate energy carrier,(ii)electricity and(iii)heat for decentralised applications based on biomass feedstock flexible gasification,gas upgrading and methanol synthesis is analysed.

关键词： Biogenic residues Gasification Biomethanol Circular Economy Microreactors

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Modulating p-type doping of two-dimensional material palladium diselenide

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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 3232-3244页

作者： jiali Yang Yu Liu En-Yang Wang jinbo Pang Shirong huang Thomas Gemming jinshun Bi Alicja Bachmatiuk hao jia Shu-Xian hu Chongyun jiang hong Liu Gianaurelio Cuniberti Weijia Zhou Mark h Rümmeli Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research(iAIR) University of JinanJinan 250022China Institute for Materials Chemistry Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research Dresden(IFW Dresden)20 Helmholtz StrasseDresden 01069Germany State Key Lab of Transducer Technology Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200050China College of Energy Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials Innovations Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006China Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of jiangsu Province Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006China School of Integrated Circuits University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 101408China Institute of Microelectronics of Tianjin Binhai New Area Tianjin 300451China Institute of Microelectronics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Lukasiewicz Research Network PORT Polish Center for Technology DevelopmentStablowicka 147Wroclaw 54-066Poland School of Mathematics and Physics University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China College of electronic information and optical engineering Nankai UniversityTianjin 300350China Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials Polish Academy of SciencesM.Curie Sklodowskiej 34Zabrze 41-819Poland Center for Energy and Environmental Technologies VŠB-Technical University of Ostrava17.Listopadu 15Ostrava 70833Czech Republic State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials Center of Bio&Micro/Nano Functional MaterialsShandong UniversityJinan 250100China Dresden Center for Computational Materials Science Technische Universität DresdenDresden 01062Germany Dresden Center for Intelligent Materials(GCL DCIM) Technische Universität DresdenDresden 01062Germany Institute for Materials Science and Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials Technische Universität DresdenDresden 01069Germany Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden Technische Universität DresdenDresden 01069Germany

The van der Waals heterostructures have evolved as novel materials for complementing the Si-based semiconductor ***-10 noble metal dichalcogenides(e.g.,PtS_(2),PtSe_(2),PdS_(2),and PdSe_(2))have been listed into two-dimensional(2D)materials toolkit to assemble van der Waals *** them,PdSe_(2) demonstrates advantages of high stability in air,high mobility,and wide tunable ***,the regulation of p-type doping of PdSe_(2) remains unsolved problem prior to fabricating p–n junction as a fundamental platform of semiconductor ***,a quantitative method for the controllable doping of PdSe_(2) is yet to be *** this study,the doping level of PdSe_(2) was correlated with the concentration of Lewis acids,for example,SnCl_(4),used for *** the transfer characteristics,the threshold voltage(the gate voltage corresponding to the minimum drain current)increased after SnCl_(4) soaking ***_(2) transistors were soaked in SnCl_(4) solutions with five different *** threshold voltages from the as-obtained transfer curves were extracted for linear fitting to the threshold voltage versus doping concentration correlation *** study provides in-depth insights into the controllable p-type doping of PdSe_(2).It may also push forward the research of the regulation of conductivity behaviors of 2D materials.

关键词： two-dimensional(2D)materials Lewis acid treatment p-type doping field-effect transistors transfer characteristic

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基于RSV预融合F蛋白的母体疫苗-早产和其他结局

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中国临床药理学杂志 2024年第9期40卷 1330-1330页

作者： DIEUSSAERT I KIM j h LUIK S 王超群

妊娠期间接种呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)疫苗可以保护婴儿免受RSV疾病的侵害。因此需要一种基于RSV预融合F蛋白的候选母源疫苗(RSVPreF3-Mat)的有效性和安全性数据。研究进行了一项涉及18~49岁孕妇的3期试验,以评估RSVPreF3-Mat的有效性和安... 详细信息

妊娠期间接种呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)疫苗可以保护婴儿免受RSV疾病的侵害。因此需要一种基于RSV预融合F蛋白的候选母源疫苗(RSVPreF3-Mat)的有效性和安全性数据。研究进行了一项涉及18~49岁孕妇的3期试验,以评估RSVPreF3-Mat的有效性和安全性。这些妇女在妊娠24周0天至34周0天以2:1的比例随机分配接受RSVPreF3-Mat或安慰剂。主要结局是出生至6个月龄婴儿出现任何或严重医学评估的RSV相关下呼吸道疾病,以及出生至12个月龄婴儿的安全性。

关键词：下呼吸道疾病有效性和安全性安慰剂 F蛋白随机分配 RSV 疫苗妊娠期间

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In vivo and in vitro study of resorbable magnesium wires for medical implants:Mg purity,surface quality,Zn alloying and polymer coating

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journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第6期12卷 2472-2488页

作者： K.Tesar j.Luňácková M.jex M.Žaloudková R.Vrbová M.Bartoš P.Klein L.Vištejnová j.Dušková E.Filová Z.Sucharda M.Steinerová S.habr K.Balík A.Singh Department of Materials Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical EngineeringCzech Technical University in PragueTrojanova 13Prague 12000Czech Republic Institute of Physics Czech Academy of SciencesNa Slovance 2Prague 18221Czech Republic Institute of Dental Medicine First Faculty of MedicineCharles University and General University Hospital in PragueKaterinská32Prague 12801Czech Republic Department of Physics Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical EngineeringCzech Technical University in PragueBrehová7Prague 11519Czech Republic Department of Composites and Carbon Materials Institute of Rock Structure and MechanicsCzech Academy of SciencesV Holešovickách 41Prague 18209Czech Republic Institute of Anatomy First Faculty of MedicineCharles UniversityU Nemocnice 3Prague 12800Czech Republic Biomedical Center Faculty of Medicine in PilsenCharles UniversityAlej Svobody 76Pilsen 32300Czech Republic Department of Pathological Physiology Faculty of Medicine in PilsenCharles UniversityAlej Svobody 7632300 PilsenCzech Republic Department of histology and Embryology Faculty of Medicine in PilsenCharles UniversityAlej Svobody 7632300 PilsenCzech Republic Institute of Pathology First Faculty of MedicineCharles University and General University Hospital in PragueStudnickova 2Prague 12800Czech Republic Department of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Institute of PhysiologyCzech Academy of SciencesVidenska 1083Prague 14200Czech Republic Research Center for Structural Materials National Institute for Materials Science1-2-1 SengenTsukuba 305-0047Japan

Magnesium is an excellent material in terms of biocompatibility and its corrosion products can serve as an active source for new bone ***,localized corrosion and h_(2)generation limit the potential of Mg-based *** low-alloyed Mg-Zn wires can strongly reduce problems with large h_(2)bubbles and improve the mechanical properties considerably while maintaining excellent long-term *** pickling and a polymer coating can be effectively used to lower the rate of in vivo *** this work,microstructural,mechanical,and in vitro characterization of 250μm and 300μm extruded wires made from ultra-pure Mg,commercially pure Mg,Mg-0.15Zn,Mg-0.4Zn and Mg-1Zn was ***,Mg-0.4Zn wires together with a variant coated with a copolymer of L-lactide andε-caprolactone were tested in vivo on artificially damaged Wistar rat *** on the observed Mg-induced osteogenesis,polymer-coated Mg wires with a small addition of Zn are a perspective material for bone-support applications,such as cerclage and fixation wires.

关键词： Magnesium Resorbable Mg wire Mg-Zn implant degradation Biocompatibility study Zn grain boundary segregation

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Towards efficient strain engineering of 2D materials:A four-points bending approach for compressive strain

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Nano Research 2024年第6期17卷 5317-5325页

作者： hao Li Félix Carrascoso Ana Borrás Gloria P.Moreno Francisco j.Aparicio Ángel Barranco Andrés Castellanos Gómez Campus de Cantoblanco Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de MadridC.Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz328049 MadridSpain Nanotechnology on Surfaces and Plasma Lab Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla(CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla).C/Americo Vespucio 49E-41092 SevilleSpain Departamento de Física Aplicada I Escuela Politécnica SuperiorUniversidad de Sevillac/Virgen deÁfrica 7E-41011 SevilleSpain

Strain engineering,as a powerful strategy to tune the optical and electrical properties of two-dimensional(2D)materials by deforming their crystal lattice,has attracted significant interest in recent years.2D materials can sustain ultra-high strains,even up to 10%,due to the lack of dangling bonds on their surface,making them ideal brittle *** remarkable mechanical resilience,together with a strong strain-tunable band structure,endows 2D materials with a broad optical and electrical response upon ***,strain engineering based on 2D materials is restricted by their nanoscale and strain quantification *** this study,we have modified a homebuilt three-points bending apparatus to transform it into a four-points bending apparatus that allows for the application of both compressive and tensile strains on 2D *** approach allows for the efficient and reproducible construction of a strain system and minimizes the buckling effect caused by the van der Waals interaction by adamantane encapsulation *** results demonstrate the feasibility of introducing compressive strain on 2D materials and the potential for tuning their optical and physical properties through this approach.

关键词： uniaxial compressive strain polymer encapsulation differential reflectance spectroscopy exciton tunability

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青藏高原湖泊纹层孢粉记录的过去2000年雨季时长和雨季降水时空变化

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中国科学：地球科学 2024年第3期54卷 808-820页

作者：崔安宁吕厚远侯居峙刘兴起徐德克中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所新生代地质与环境院重点实验室北京100029 中国科学院地球科学研究院北京100029 中国科学院大学地球与行星科学学院北京100049 中国科学院青藏高原研究所环境变化与地表过程重点实验室北京100101 中国科学院大学北京100049 首都师范大学资源环境与旅游学院北京100048

青藏高原雨季时长及雨季降水量的长尺度定量重建,是揭示高原西风、季风时空演变规律及其生态环境效应的关键,其中准确判断高原雨季的起止时间是研究难点.本文通过寻找降水拐点的方法确定了高原不同地点的雨季起、止时间,并计算了雨季时... 详细信息

青藏高原雨季时长及雨季降水量的长尺度定量重建,是揭示高原西风、季风时空演变规律及其生态环境效应的关键,其中准确判断高原雨季的起止时间是研究难点.本文通过寻找降水拐点的方法确定了高原不同地点的雨季起、止时间,并计算了雨季时长和雨季降水量,建立了表土孢粉组合与雨季起止时间、雨季时长和雨季降水量的转换函数,重建了具有年纹层沉积特征的高原北部库赛湖区和中部江错湖区过去2000年来的雨季起止时间、雨季时长和雨季降水量变化.结果表明,过去2000以来,库赛湖区雨季降水序列记录了5次高降水时段:AD580~680、AD1000~1100、AD1200~1450、AD1550~1780、AD1920至今,其普遍对应雨季天数长的时段;江错湖区雨季降水序列记录了4次高降水时段:AD80~500、AD800~950、AD1250~1450、AD1780至今,其与雨季天数长的时段在AD1000以前对应良好,在AD1000后关系不明确.在空间上,高原雨季降水呈现出“南北同湿”、“南北同旱”、“南湿北旱”和“南旱北湿”四种模式,其中“南北同湿”可能与异常强盛的夏季风有关,“南北同旱”与弱西风和弱季风有关,“南湿北旱”与强季风和弱西风有关,“南旱北湿”与弱季风和强西风有关.本文从雨季降水的角度揭示了高原2000年来雨季起止时间、雨季时长及雨季降水量的时空演变模式,为进一步认识西风、季风耦合作用提供了自然背景的支持.

关键词：青藏高原过去两千年雨季时长雨季降水量定量重建

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MODIFICATION OF SODIUM SALT OF PARTIALLY CARBOXYMEThYLATED TAMARIND KERNEL POWDER ThROUGh GRAFTING WITh ACRYLONITRILE: SYNThESIS, ChARACTERIZATION AND SWELLING BEhAVIOR

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Chinese journal of Polymer Science 2013年第12期31卷 1670-1684页

作者： j.h.Trivedi j.R.jivani K.h.Patel h.C.Trivedi P.G.Dept.of Chemistry Sardar Patel UniversityVallabh Vidyanagar Amneal Phamaceuticals

A graft copolymer of polyacrylonitrile （PAN） with sodium salt of partially carboxymethylated tamarind kernel powder （Na-PCMTKP, DS ^-= 0.15） was synthesized by using ceric ammonium nitrate （CAN） as a redox initiator in an aqueous medium. The optimum reaction conditions for affording maximum percentage of grafting were established by successively varying reaction conditions such as concentrations of nitric acid, CAN, monomer （AN） as well as reaction time, temperature and amount of substrate. The influence of these reaction conditions on the grafting yields was discussed. The kinetic scheme of free radical graft copolymerization was proposed and the experimental results were found to agree very well with the proposed kinetic scheme. The graft copolymer （Na-PCMTKP-g-PAN, percentage of grafting G = 413.76% and percentage of grafting efficiency GE = 96.48%） sample synthesized under the established optimized reaction conditions was hydrolyzed by 0.7 mol-L l NaOh solution at 90-95 ℃ to yield the superabsorbent hydrogel, h-Na-PCMTKP-g-PAN. The swelling behavior of the hydrogel was studied by carrying out its absorbency measurements in low conductivity water, 0.15 mol·L^-1 salt （NaCl, CaCl2 and AlCl3） solutions and simulated urine （SU） solution at different timings. FTIR, TGA and SEM techniques were used to characterize the products.

关键词： Sodium salt of partially carboxymethylated tamarind kernel powder Acrylonitrile Graft copolymerization Superabsorbent hydrogels Swelling behavior.

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Exploring the effects of anthropogenic disturbance on predator inspection activity in Trinidadian guppies

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Current Zoology 2024年第1期70卷 109-111页

作者： Alix j.P Brusseau Laurence E.A.Feyten Adam L.Crane Grant E.Brown Department of Biology Concordia UniversityMontrealQCH4B 1R6Canada Department of Biomedical Sciences WCVMUniversity of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSKCanada

Prey animals are often faced with uncertainty due to having imperfect information regarding current local conditions,including predation risks and the availability of reliable foraging opportunities(Dall 2010).As this uncertainty increases,the probability of making costly behavioral errors also increases,leading to more risk averse behavioral tactics(Feyten et al.2019).For example,Trinidadian guppies Poecilia reticulata are far more risk averse when faced with multiple unknown sources of risk assessment information than when faced with a mix of known and unknown cues(Feyten et al.2019).Prey can reduce uncertainty by gathering and integrating private and social information regarding current risk levels within microhabitats(Dall 2010;Munoz and Blumstein 2012).

关键词： human disturbance information availability information reliability predator-prey interactions risk assessment uncertainty

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Power management unit chip design for automobile active-matrix organic light-emitting diode display module

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journal of Central South University 2009年第4期16卷 621-628页

作者： KIM j h PARK j h KIM j h CAO T V LEE T Y BAN h j YANG K KIM h G hA P B KIM Y h Department of Electronic Engineering Changwon National University 9 Sarim-Dong Changwon 641-773 Korea Denso PS Electronics Corporation 47 Seongsan-Dong Changwon 641-315 Korea

A power management unit （PMU） chip supplying dual panel supply voltage, which has a low electro-magnetic interference （EMI） characteristic and is favorable for miniaturization, is designed. A two-phase charge pump circuit using external pumping capacitor increases its pumping current and works out the charge-loss problem by using bulk-potential biasing circuit. A low-power start-up circuit is also proposed to reduce the power consumption of the band-gap reference voltage generator. And the ring oscillator used in the ELVSS power circuit is designed with logic devices by supplying the logic power supply to reduce the layout area. The PMU chip is designed with MagnaChip＇s 0.25 μ high-voltage process. The driving currents of ELVDD and ELVSS are more than 50 mA when a SPICE simulation is done.

关键词： DC-DC converter AMOLED charge pumping power management unit (PMU) dual panel supply voltage

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