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Within-brood body size and immunological differences in Blue Tit(Cyanistes caeruleus)nestlings relative to ectoparasitism

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Avian Research 2022年第3期13卷 362-368页

作者： Jorge Garrido-Bautista Antonio Soria cristina e.Trenzado Amalia Pérez-Jiménez eliana Pintus José Luis Ros-Santaella Nicola Bernardo Mar Comas Stanislav Kolencík Gregorio Moreno-Rueda Departamento de Zoología Facultad de CienciasUniversidad de Granada18071GranadaSpain Departamento de Biología Celular Facultad de CienciasUniversidad de Granada18071GranadaSpain Department of Veterinary Sciences Faculty of AgrobiologyFood and Natural ResourcesCzech University of Life Sciences PragueKamýck a 12916500Prague 6SuchdolCzech Republic estaci on Biol ogica de Do~nana EBD-CSICAv.Am erico Vespucio 2641092SevilleSpain Department of Biological Sciences Dartmouth CollegeNH03755HanoverUSA Department of Biology University of NevadaNV89557RenoUSA

Several ectoparasites parasitise nestlings decreasing their body condition,growth and *** minimise any loss of fitness due to ectoparasites,birds have developed a wide variety of defence mechanisms,potentially including hatching *** to the Tasty Chick Hypothesis(TCH),the cost of parasitism would be reduced if ectoparasites tend to eat on less immunocompetent nestlings,typically the last-hatched chick in asynchronously hatched broods,as they are in poor body *** predictions of the TCH are that immune capacity is lower in smaller nestlings than in larger ones and that parasites should provoke a more negative effect on smaller ***,we test these predictions in a population of Blue Tits(Cyanistes caeruleus)whose broods are parasitised by Hen Fleas(Ceratophyllus gallinae)and Blowflies(Protocalliphora azurea).We recorded the presence of both ectoparasites and analysed the immunocompetence(number of leucocytes per 10,000 erythrocytes and cutaneous immune response to phytohaemagglutinin)and body condition of smaller and larger nestlings within individual *** leucocyte count was higher in smaller nestlings than in larger ones,whereas the cutaneous immune response did not differ between smaller and larger *** nestlings,but not larger nestlings,had lower body mass when fleas were ***,by contrast,had no detectable negative effect on ***,our findings provide partial support to the *** immune capacity in smaller nestlings than in larger ones was not supported,but Hen Fleas seemed to negatively impact on smaller nestlings more than on larger ones.

关键词： Blowflies Blue tit Cyanistes caeruelus ectoparasites Hen fleas Immunocompetence Tasty Chick Hypothesis

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The neuroprotective effect of traditional Chinese medicinal plants--A critical review

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2023年第8期13卷 3208-3237页

作者： Joao Moreira Mariana Machado Monica Dias-Teixeira Ricardo Ferraz cristina Delerue-Matos Clara Grosso ReQUIMTe/LAQV Instituto Superior de Engenharia do PortoInstituto Politecnico do PortoPorto 4249-015Portugal Ciencias Químicas e das Biomoleculas/CISA Escola Superior de SaudedInstituto Politecnico do PortoPorto 4200-072Portugal NICiTeS-Nucleo de Investigacao em Ciencias e Tecnologias da Saude Escola Superior de Saude Ribeiro SanchesLisboa 1950-396Portugal ReQUIMTe/LAQV Departamento de Química e Bioquímica Faculdade de CienciasUniversidade do PortoPorto 4169-007Portugal

Neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric diseases are increasingly affecting individuals’quality of life,thus increasing their cost to social and health *** diseases have overlapping mechanisms,such as oxidative stress,protein aggregation,neuroinflammation,neurotransmission impairment,mitochondrial dysfunction,and ***,there is no cure for neurodegenerative diseases,and the available therapies have adverse effects and low *** neuropsychiatric disorders,such as depression,the current therapies are not adequate to one-third of the patients,the so-called treatmentresistant ***,searching for new treatments is *** plants appear as a strong alternative and complement towards new treatment protocols,as they have been used for health purposes for thousands of ***,the main goal of this review is to revisit the neuroprotective potential of some of the most predominant medicinal plants(and one fungus)used in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),focusing on their proven mechanisms of action and their chemical compositions,to give clues on how they can be useful against neurodegeneration progression.

关键词： Neurodegeneration Alzheimer's disease Parkinson's disease Depression Medicinal plants Oxidative stress Toxicology Clinicaltrials

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Microbial lipases:Propitious biocatalysts for the food industry

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Food Bioscience 2022年第1期45卷 34-44页

作者： Cleonice Aparecida Salgado Clarissa Isabela Aparecida dos Santos Maria cristina Dantas Vanetti Department of Microbiology Universidade Federal de Viçosa(UFV)ViçosaMGBrazil

Lipases(triacylglycerol acylhydrolases,eC 3.***.1.3)are one of the largest groups of enzymes and are used in various industrial *** of microbial origin are currently receiving increased attention for industrial application as microorganisms grow quickly and are easily genetically ***,they offer several advantages,such as catalysis of diverse reactions,high specificity,high yields,low energy consumption and reduced processing time and production *** is a relentless ongoing effort to optimise the production of microbial lipases for potential application in the food *** this context,this review highlights the most promising techniques for producing microbial lipases and the recent applications of these lipases in dairy,oils and fats,bakery and confectionery,meat,flavours and aromas and other food *** lipases are normally obtained by fermentation,but the high costs of carbon and nitrogen sources limit the *** overcome this problem,low-cost agro-industrial residues in the lipase production process are *** obtain lipases with high yields and improved characteristics,the technique of protein engineering is described as promising,and the immobilization method that allows the recycling of lipases to improve their catalytic performance is *** to their catalytic properties and versatility,lipases of microbial origin are considered extremely important catalysts in the food industry,meeting the demand for tastier foods with pleasant aromas and ***,microbial lipases are considered safe and sustainable biocatalysts.

关键词： Microbial lipases Food industry Agro-industrial residue

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Biostratigraphy versus isotope geochronology: Testing the Urals island arc model

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Geoscience Frontiers 2019年第1期10卷 119-125页

作者： Svetlana Tessalina cristina Talavera Michael e.Pritchin Victor Puchkov John de Laeter Centre for Isotope Research Curtin University The Institute for Geoscience Research (TIGeR) Curtin University School of GeoSciences Institute of Geology and Geochemistry Urals Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences Institute of Geology Ufimian Scientific Investigation Centre

Formation of the Urals volcanic-hosted massive sulphide(VHMS) deposits is considered to be related with the intra-oceanic stage of island arc(s) development in the Upper Ordoviciane Middle Devonian based on the biostratigraphic record of ore-hosting sedimentary rocks. However, the direct Re-Os dating of four known VHMS systems in the Urals gives significantly younger Re-Os isochron ages ranging from355 ± 15 Ma up to 366 ± 2 Ma. To address this discrepancy, we performed SHRIMP U-Pb dating on zircons extracted from rhyodacites(eifelian biostratigraphic age of 393 -388 Ma) from the footwall of the Alexandrinka VHMS deposit which has a Re-Os isochron age of sulphides of 355 ± 15 *** ^(206) Pb/^(238) U mean age of 374 ± 3 Ma(MSWD ? 1.4 and probability ? 0.11) is considered to be the crystallisation age of the host volcanic rock. This age is ca. 15 Ma younger than the eifelian(393 -388 Ma)biostratigraphic age and overlaps the Frasniane Famennian boundary(372 ± 2 Ma), characterised by the final stages of Magnitogorsk Arc e east european continent collision. Such an inconsistency with geochronological age may be due to a reburial of conodonts during resedimentation as a result of erosion of older rocks in younger sedimentary sequences.

关键词： Urals Volcanic-hosted massive sulphide deposits U-Pb dating Geochronology

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Investigating local corrosion processes of magnesium alloys with scanning probe electrochemical techniques: A review

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2022年第11期10卷 2997-3030页

作者： Mara cristina Lopes de Oliveira Rejane Maria Pereira da Silva Ricardo M.Souto Renato Altobelli Antunes Federal University of ABC Center for EngineeringModeling and Applied Social SciencesAv.Dos Estados500109210-580Santo AndréSP Brazil Instituto de Pesquisas energéticas e Nucleares IPEN/CNENAv.Prof.Lineu Prestes2242São PauloBrazil Institute of Material Science and Nanotechnology University of La LagunaP.O.Box 456La LagunaTenerife 38200Spain

The study of corrosion of magnesium and its alloys has emerged a hot topic in the applications of lightweight structural materials. The inherently high electrochemical activity of bare magnesium surfaces still lacks a convincing mechanism to describe the observed experimental characteristics, and it has prompted the development of various types of protective coatings with the aim of slowing metal dissolution. In recent years, new instruments and techniques have been developed to study with spatial resolution the local corrosion processes that occur in metallic materials in general, and for magnesium and its alloys in particular, both for bare surfaces and coated. Scanning microelectrochemical techniques, such as local electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(LeIS), scanning electrochemical microscopy(SeCM), scanning vibrating electrode technique(SVeT), scanning ion-selective electrode technique(SIeT) and scanning Kelvin probe(SKP) can provide information about the local electrochemical activity of metallic surfaces. In the present work, the applications of these techniques in corrosion studies of magnesium and its alloys are reviewed. Assessment of corrosion mechanisms, barrier properties of conventional coatings and active corrosion behavior of self-healing coatings are examined. Limitations and future developments in this area are discussed.

关键词： Magnesium alloys LeIS SeCM SVeT SIeT SKP

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Assessing the academic achievement of United States orthopaedic departments

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2022年第2期13卷 201-211页

作者： Rishi Trikha Thomas e Olson Ameen Chaudry Chad R Ishmael cristina Villalpando Clark J Chen Kellyn R Hori Nicholas M Bernthal Department of Orthopaedic Surgery University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90404United States Department of Orthopaedic Surgery David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLALos AngelesCA 90095United States

BACKGROUND Assessing academic productivity allows academic departments to identify the strengths of their scholarly contribution and provides an opportunity to evaluate areas for *** To provide objective benchmarks for departments seeking to enhance academic productivity and identify those with significant improvement in recent *** Our study retrospectively analyzed a cohort of orthopaedic faculty at United States-based academic orthopaedic programs.5502 full-time orthopaedic faculty representing 178 programs were included in *** included for analysis were National Institutes of Health funding(2014-2018),leadership positions in orthopaedic societies(2018),editorial board positions of top orthopaedic journals(2018),total number of publications and Hirsch-index.A weighted algorithm was used to calculate a cumulative score for each academic *** study was performed at a large,United States medical *** All 178 programs included in analysis were evaluated using the comprehensive weighted *** five institutions with the highest cumulative score,in decreasing order,were:Washington University in ***,the Hospital for Special Surgery,Sidney Kimmel Medical College(SKMC)at Thomas Jefferson University,the University of California,San Francisco(UCSF)and Massachusetts General Hospital(MGH)/Brigham and Women’s/*** five institutions with the highest score per capita,in decreasing order,were:Mayo Clinic(Rochester),Washington University in ***,Rush University,Virginia Commonwealth University(VCU)and MGH/Brigham and Women’s/*** five academic programs that had the largest improvement in cumulative score from 2013 to 2018,in decreasing order,were:VCU,SKMC at Thomas Jefferson University,UCSF,MGH/Brigham and Women’s/Harvard,and Brown *** This algorithm can provide orthopaedic departments a means to assess academic productivity,monitor progress,and identify areas for improvement as th

关键词： Bibliometrics Academic achievement Number of publications National Institutes of Health funding Hirsch-index

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Impact loading in female runners with single and multiple bone stress injuries during fresh and exerted conditions

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2023年第3期12卷 406-413页

作者： Kristin L.Popp Jereme Outerleys Sarah Gehman Margaret Garrahan Sara Rudolph elizabeth Loranger Kathryn e.Ackerman Adam S.Tenforde Mary L.Bouxsein Irene S.davis Military Performance Division United States Army Research Institute of Environmental MedicineNatickMA 01760USA endocrine Unit Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02114USA Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Spaulding Rehabilitation HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolCambridgeMA 02138USA Department of Sports Medicine Boston Children's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02115USA Center for Advanced Orthopedic Studies Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02215USA

Background:Bone stress injuries(BSIs)are common in female runners,and recurrent BSI rates are *** work suggests an association between higher impact loading during running and tibial ***,it is unknown whether impact loading and fatigue-related loading changes discriminate women with a history of multiple *** study compared impact variables at the beginning of a treadmill run to exertion andthe changes in those variables with exertion among female runners with no history of BSI as well as among those with a history of single or multiple ***:We enrolled 45 female runners(aged 18-40 years)for this cross-sectional study:having no history of diagnosed lower extremity BSI(N-BSI,n=14);a history of 1 lower extremity BSI(1-BSI,n=16);and diagnosed by imaging,or a history of multiple(>3)lower extremity BSIs(M-BSI,n=15).Participants completed a 5-km race speed run on an instrumented treadmill while wearing an Inertial Measurement *** vertical average loading rate(VALR),vertical instantaneous loading rate(VILR),vertical stiffness during impact via instrumented treadmill,and tibial shock determined as the peak po sitive tibial acceleration via Inertial Measurement Unit were measured at the beginning and the end of the ***:There were no differences between groups in VALR,VILR,vertical stiffness,or tibial shock in a fresh or exerted ***,compared to N-BSI,women with M-BSI had greater increase with exertion in VALR(-1.8%vs.6.1%,p=0.01)and VILR(1.5%vs.4.8%,p=0.03).Similarly,compared to N-BSI,vertical stiffness increased more with exertion among women with M-BSI(-0.9%vs.7.3%,p=0.006)and 1-BSI(-0.9%vs.1.8%,p=0.05).Finally,compared to N-BSI,the increase in tibial shock from fresh to exerted condition was greater among women with M-BSI(0.9%vs.5.5%,p=0.03)and 1-BSI(0.9%vs.11.2%,p=0.02).Conclusion:Women with 1-BSI or M-BSIs experience greater exertion-related increases in impact loading than women with *** observations impl

关键词： Biomechanics Bone stress injuries Fatigue Runners Stress fracture

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Inherited Fanconi syndrome

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2023年第7期19卷 619-634页

作者： Anna Luiza Braga Albuquerque Rafael dos Santos Borges Ana Flavia Conegundes erika emmylaine dos Santos Frederico Moreira Man Fu Clara Tavares Araujo Pedro Alves Soares Vaz de Castrol Ana cristina Simoes e Silva Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Medical Investigation Unit of Pediatric NephrologyFaculty of MedicineFederal University of Minas Gerais(UFMG)Belo HorizonteBrazil Department of Pediatrics Faculty of MedicineUFMGAlfredo Balena Avenue1902Nd FloorRoom#281Belo HorizonteMG 30130-100Brazil

Background Fanconi-Debré-de Toni syndrome(also known as Fanconi renotubular syndrome,or FRST)profoundly increased the understanding of the functions of the proximal convoluted tubule(PCT)and provided important insights into the pathophysiology of several kidney diseases and drug *** sources We searched Pubmed and Scopus databases to find relevant articles about *** review article focuses on the physiology of the PCT,as well as on the physiopathology of FRST in children,its diagnosis,and *** FRST encompasses a wide variety of inherited and acquired PCT alterations that lead to impairment of PCT *** children,FRST often presents as a secondary feature of systemic disorders that impair energy supply,such as Lowe's syndrome,Dent's disease,cystinosis,hereditary fructose intolerance,galactosemia,tyrosinemia,Alport syndrome,and Wilson's *** rare,congenital causes of FRST greatly impact the morbidity and mortality of patients and impose diagnostic ***,its treatment is diverse and considers the ability of the clinician to identify the correct etiology of the *** The early diagnosis and treatment of pediatric patients with FRST improve the prognosis and the quality of life.

关键词： Cystinosis Fanconi syndrome Fanconi renotubular syndrome Fanconi-Debre-de Toni syndrome Proximal tubule Renal tubular transport-Rickets

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Distal renal tubular acidosis:genetic causes and management

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2019年第5期15卷 422-431页

作者： Sílvia Bouissou Morais Soares Luiz Alberto Wanderley de Menezes Silva Flávia cristina de Carvalho Mrad Ana cristina Simoes e Silva Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Medical Investigation Faculty of MedicineFederal University of Minas Gerais(UFMG)Av.Prof.Alfredo Balena190Room#281Belo HorizonteMG 30130-100Brazil Pediatric Nephrology Unit Faculty of MedicineUFMGBelo HorizonteBrazil

Background Distal renal tubular acidosis(dRTA)is a kidney tubulopathy that causes a state of normal anion gap metabolic acidosis due to impairment of urine *** review aims to summarize the etiology,pathophysiology,clinical findings,diagnosis and therapeutic approach of dRTA,with emphasis on genetic causes of *** sources Literature reviews and original research articles from databases,including PubMed and Google *** searching was performed to identify additional studies about *** dRTA is characterized as the dysfunction of the distal urinary acidification,leading to metabolic *** pediatric patients,the most frequent etiology of dRTA is the genetic alteration of genes responsible for the codification of distal tubule channels,whereas,in adult patients,dRTA is more commonly secondary to autoimmune diseases,use of medications and *** with dRTA exhibit failure to thrive and important laboratory alterations,which are used to define the *** oral alkali and potassium supplementation can correct the biochemical defects,improve clinical manifestations and avoid nephrolithiasis and *** dRTA is a multifactorial disease leading to several clinical *** and laboratory alterations can be corrected by alkali replacement therapy.

关键词： Renal tubular acidosis Distal tubule physiology Metabolic acidosis Gene mutations Proton pump

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水杨酸类的临床药理学

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动物医学进展 1982年第5期 53-54页

作者： Lloyd e.davis 王建元

水杨酸类已在医学上用了几个世纪。自1900年以来阿斯匹林已成为我们医疗设施的一个组成部分。水杨酸类在兽医上的许多应用可能是很优越的。在人上仔细设计的一些研究未能显示一些新的解热镇痛药比阿斯匹林有任何优越性。如果给有关动物... 详细信息

水杨酸类已在医学上用了几个世纪。自1900年以来阿斯匹林已成为我们医疗设施的一个组成部分。水杨酸类在兽医上的许多应用可能是很优越的。在人上仔细设计的一些研究未能显示一些新的解热镇痛药比阿斯匹林有任何优越性。如果给有关动物给予相应的剂量,很可能对病畜同样有效。

关键词：水杨酸钠兽医水杨酸类解热镇痛药阿斯匹林血浆浓度大剂量

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