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Restaging rectal cancer following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2023年第5期15卷 700-712页

作者： Dajana Cuicchi Giovanni Castagna Stefano Cardelli cristina Larotonda Benedetta Petrello Gilberto Poggioli Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences Surgery of the Alimentary TractIRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di BolognaBologna 40138Italy

Correct tumour restaging is pivotal for identifying the most personalised surgical treatment for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer undergoing neoadjuvant therapy,and works to avoid both poor oncological outcome and *** rectal examination,endoscopy,and pelvic magnetic resonance imaging are the recommended modalities for local tumour restaging,while chest and abdominal computed tomography are utilised for the assessment of distant *** optimal length of time between neoadjuvant treatment and restaging,in terms of both oncological safety and clinical effectiveness of treatment,remains unclear,especially for patients receiving prolonged total neoadjuvant *** timely identification of patients who are radioresistant and at risk of disease progression remains challenging.

关键词： Locally advanced rectal cancer Restaging Pelvic magnetic resonance imaging Endorectal ultrasound Computed tomography scan Colonoscopy

Emerging role of the gut microbiome in post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome:A literature review

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第21期29卷 3241-3256页

作者： Vasile Valeriu Lupu cristina Mihaela Ghiciuc Gabriela Stefanescu cristina Maria Mihai Alina Popp Maria Oana Sasaran Laura Bozomitu Iuliana Magdalena Starcea Anca Adam Raileanu Ancuta Lupu Faculty of General Medicine “Grigore T.Popa”University of Medicine and PharmacyIasi 700115Romania Faculty of General Medicine Ovidius UniversityConstanta 900470Romania Faculty of General Medicine “Carol Davila”University of Medicine and PharmacyBucharest 020021Romania Faculty of General Medicine “George Emil Palade”University of MedicinePharmacyScience and TechnologyTargu Mures 540142Romania

Post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome(PI-IBS)is a particular type of IBS,with symptom onset after an acute episode of infectious *** infectious disease resolution and clearance of the inciting pathogen agent,10%of patients will develop *** susceptible individuals,the exposure to pathogenic organisms leads to a marked shift in the gut microbiota with prolonged changes in host-microbiota *** changes can affect the gut-brain axis and the visceral sensitivity,disrupting the intestinal barrier,altering neuromuscular function,triggering persistent low inflammation,and sustaining the onset of IBS *** is no specific treatment strategy for *** drug classes can be used to treat PI-IBS similar to patients with IBS in general,guided by their clinical *** review summarizes the current evidence for microbial dysbiosis in PI-IBS and analyzes the available data regarding the role of the microbiome in mediating the central and peripheral dysfunctions that lead to IBS *** also discusses the current state of evidence on therapies targeting the microbiome in the management of *** results of microbial modulation strategies used in relieving IBS symptomatology are *** studies on PI-IBS animal models reported promising ***,published data that describe the efficacy and safety of microbial targeted therapy in PI-IBS patients are *** research is required.

关键词： Gut microbiome Infectious gastroenteritis Irritable bowel syndrome Post infection syndrome Pathophysiology Inflammation

Preface for Human‑Like Smart Autonomous Driving for Intelligent Vehicles and Transportation Systems

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Automotive Innovation 2023年第1期6卷 1-2页

作者： Guofa Li cristina Olaverri‑Monreal Houxiang Zhang Keqiang Li Paul Green College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China Chair ITS‑Sustainable Transport Logistics 4.0 Johannes Kepler UniversityLinz 4040Austria Department of Ocean Operations and Civil Engineering Faculty of EngineeringNorwegian University of Science and Technology(NTNU)y舕esund 4040Norway State Key Laboratory of Automotive Safety and Energy School of Vehicle and MobilityTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute and Department of Industrial and Operations Engineering University of MichiganAnn Arbor MI 48109USA

Drivers are the center of vehicles and transportation *** of the rapid development of advanced technologies,artificial drivers have been developed as key elements in vehicles and transportation *** inconsistency between human drivers and artificial drivers will lead to accidents and *** make future vehicles and transportation systems trustworthy in driving safety and acceptable in travel efficiency,developing technologies based on human drivers’reliable knowledge and cognitive intelligence together with smart operations is an essential and promising ***,there are many challenges to be addressed including the learning of smart human perception,reliable smart inference strategies in decision-making,adaptive correction of inappropriate driving operation,knowledge mapping and enhancement of smart human driving in various scenarios,etc.

关键词： driving smart Smart

Classification of osteogenesis imperfecta:Importance for prophylaxis and genetic counseling

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第12期11卷 2604-2620页

作者： Monica-cristina Panzaru Andreea Florea Lavinia Caba Eusebiu Vlad Gorduza Department of Medical Genetics Faculty of Medicine“Grigore T.Popa”University of Medicine and PharmacyIasi 700115Romania Department of Medical Genetics-Medical Genetics resident “Grigore T.Popa”University of Medicine and PharmacyIasi 700115Romania

Osteogenesis imperfecta(OI)is a genetically heterogeneous monogenic disease characterized by decreased bone mass,bone fragility,and recurrent *** phenotypic spectrum varies considerably ranging from prenatal fractures with lethal outcomes to mild forms with few fractures and normal *** basic mechanism is a collagen-related defect,not only in synthesis but also in folding,processing,bone mineralization,or osteoblast *** recent years,great progress has been made in identifying new genes and molecular mechanisms underlying *** this context,the classification of OI has been revised several times and different types are *** Sillence classification,based on clinical and radiological characteristics,is currently used as a grading of clinical *** on the metabolic pathway,the functional classification allows identifying regulatory elements and targeting specific therapeutic *** classification has the advantage of identifying the inheritance pattern,an essential element for genetic counseling and *** genotype-phenotype correlations may sometimes be challenging,genetic diagnosis allows a personalized management strategy,accurate family planning,and pregnancy management decisions including options for mode of delivery,or early antenatal OI *** research on molecular pathways and pathogenic variants involved could lead to the development of genotype-based therapeutic *** narrative review summarizes our current understanding of genes,molecular mechanisms involved in OI,classifications,and their utility in prophylaxis.

关键词： Osteogenesis imperfecta Heterogeneity Classification Molecular mechanism Genetic counseling Prophylaxis

Towards the FAIRification of Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Images

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Data Intelligence 2023年第1期5卷 27-42页

作者： Tommaso Rodani Elda Osmenaj Alberto Cazzaniga Mirco Panighel cristina Africh Stefano Cozzini AREAScience Park Padriciano9934149TriesteItaly CNR-1OM Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche-Istituto Officina dei MaterialiS.S.14Km 163.5Basovizza34149TriesteItaly

In this paper,we describe the data management practices and services developed for making FAIR compliant a scientific archive of Scanning Tunneling Microscopy(STM)*** a first step,we extracted the instrument metadata of each image of the dataset to create a structured *** then enriched these metadata with information on the structure and composition of the surface by means of a pipeline that leverages human annotation,machine learning techniques,and instrument metadata *** visually explore both images and metadata,as well as to improve the accessibility and usability of the dataset,we developed"STM explorer"as a web service integrated within the Trieste Advanced Data services(TriDAS)*** top of these data services and tools,we propose an implementation of the W3C PROV standard to describe provenance metadata of STM images.

关键词： Provenance STM images data management FAIR metadata for nanoscience W3C PROV

Evidence for acoustic discrimination in lemurs: A playback study on wild indris Indri indri

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Current Zoology 2023年第1期69卷 41-49页

作者： Giovanni Spezie Valeria Torti Giovanna Bonadonna Chiara De Gregorio Daria Valente cristina Giacoma Marco Gamba Konrad Lorenz Institute of Ethology University of Veterinary MedicineViennaAustria Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology School of Nature SciencesUniversity of TurinTurinItaly

Indris Indri indri are group-living lemurs that occupy stable territories over several years and perform remarkable long-distance vocal *** exchanges between long-term territory neighbors may contribute to assessing reciprocal resource-holding potentials, thus adaptivelyreducing the costs of territorial defense by limiting aggressive escalation. Previous work showed that indris’ songs show distinctive acousticfeatures at individual and group level. However, the possibility that indris use such cues for individual or group-level recognition has never beeninvestigated experimentally. We conducted a playback experiment to test whether indris discriminate between familiar and nonfamiliar *** rationale lies in the hypothesis of the dear enemy phenomenon, which predicts that territorial animals will show reduced aggression levelstoward familiar neighbors compared with novel rivals. We played back stimulus recordings to wild indris from their territory boundaries andexamined their responses in terms of vocal and behavioral indicators of willingness to engage in a fight. In line with our predictions, focal animals responded more rapidly and approached more often the speaker in response to playback stimuli of nonfamiliar individuals than to stimuliof neighboring groups. These results indicate that indris can discriminate between different classes of intruders based on distinctive acousticfeatures of their song choruses. We suggest that increased aggression directed toward unfamiliar intruders may be explained by higher threatlevels associated with dispersal and group formation dynamics. We further discuss the relevance of these findings in a strepsirrhine primatemodel for comparative studies of vocal communication and sociality.

关键词： acoustic communication dear-enemy effect neighbor-stranger discrimination primate communication song territoriality

Investigating local corrosion processes of magnesium alloys with scanning probe electrochemical techniques: A review

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2022年第11期10卷 2997-3030页

作者： Mara cristina Lopes de Oliveira Rejane Maria Pereira da Silva Ricardo M.Souto Renato Altobelli Antunes Federal University of ABC Center for EngineeringModeling and Applied Social SciencesAv.Dos Estados500109210-580Santo AndréSP Brazil Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares IPEN/CNENAv.Prof.Lineu Prestes2242São PauloBrazil Institute of Material Science and Nanotechnology University of La LagunaP.O.Box 456La LagunaTenerife 38200Spain

The study of corrosion of magnesium and its alloys has emerged a hot topic in the applications of lightweight structural materials. The inherently high electrochemical activity of bare magnesium surfaces still lacks a convincing mechanism to describe the observed experimental characteristics, and it has prompted the development of various types of protective coatings with the aim of slowing metal dissolution. In recent years, new instruments and techniques have been developed to study with spatial resolution the local corrosion processes that occur in metallic materials in general, and for magnesium and its alloys in particular, both for bare surfaces and coated. Scanning microelectrochemical techniques, such as local electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(LEIS), scanning electrochemical microscopy(SECM), scanning vibrating electrode technique(SVET), scanning ion-selective electrode technique(SIET) and scanning Kelvin probe(SKP) can provide information about the local electrochemical activity of metallic surfaces. In the present work, the applications of these techniques in corrosion studies of magnesium and its alloys are reviewed. Assessment of corrosion mechanisms, barrier properties of conventional coatings and active corrosion behavior of self-healing coatings are examined. Limitations and future developments in this area are discussed.

关键词： Magnesium alloys LEIS SECM SVET SIET SKP

Effect of the addition of different sodium alginates on viscoelastic,structural features and hydrolysis kinetics of corn starch gels

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Food Bioscience 2022年第3期47卷 271-278页

作者： Leticia Montes Maria Santamaria Raquel Garzon cristina M.Rosell Ramón Moreira Department of Chemical Engineering Universidade de Santiago de Compostelarúa Lope Gómez de Marzoas/n15782Santiago de CompostelaSpain Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology (IATA-CSIC).C/Agustin Escardino 746980PaternaSpain

Corn starch gels(1:4 w:w)were made with the addition(up to 2%w/w starch basis)of sodium alginates of different average molecular sizes and *** of the starchy gels were characterized to evaluate their *** were subjected to in vitro digestion to estimate the effect of alginates addition on glycemic *** alginates significantly decreased the value of the elastic modulus of *** coordination number obtained from complex modulus indicated that in general,less compact structures were obtained in the presence of *** results were confirmed by scanning electron micrographs,where significant differences in the structure of alginate-corn starch gels were observed,but molecular size of alginates was not *** rate decreased with the presence of alginates in corn starch gels by interactions of alginates with leached *** high alginate content,slower hydrolysis rates were determined when the most hygroscopic alginates were added.

关键词： Biopolymers In vitro digestion Average molecular weight Rheology Scanning electron microscopy(SEM)

Modified mesenchymal stem cells in cancer therapy: A smart weapon requiring upgrades for wider clinical applications

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2022年第1期14卷 54-75页

作者： Carla Vicinanza Elisabetta Lombardi Francesco Da Ros Miriam Marangon cristina Durante Mario Mazzucato Francesco Agostini Stem Cell Unit Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di AvianoIRCCSAviano 33081Italy

Mesenchymal stem stromal cells(MSC)are characterized by the intriguing capacity to home toward cancer cells after systemic ***,MSC can be harnessed as targeted delivery vehicles of cytotoxic agents against *** cancer patients,MSC based advanced cellular therapies were shown to be safe but their clinical efficacy was ***,the amount of systemically infused MSC actually homing to human cancer masses is insufficient to reduce tumor ***,induction of an unequivocal anticancer cytotoxic phenotype in expanded MSC is necessary to achieve significant therapeutic *** vivo cell modifications are,thus,required to improve anti-cancer properties of *** based cellular therapy products must be handled in compliance with good manufacturing practice(GMP)*** the present review we include MSCimproving manipulation approaches that,even though actually tested at preclinical level,could be compatible with GMP *** particular,we describe possible approaches to improve MSC homing on cancer,including genetic engineering,membrane modification and cytokine ***,we discuss appropriate modalities aimed at inducing a marked cytotoxic phenotype in expanded MSC by direct chemotherapeutic drug loading or by genetic *** conclusion,we suggest that,to configure MSC as a powerful weapon against cancer,combinations of clinical grade compatible modification protocols that are currently selected,should be introduced in the final *** standardized cancer clinical trials are required to test the efficacy of ameliorated MSC based cell therapies.

关键词： Cancer Mesenchymal stem stromal cells Good manufacturing practice Homing Targeted therapy Ex vivo cell modification