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Improved allometric equations for tree aboveground biomass estimation in tropical dipterocarp forests of Kalimantan,Indonesia

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Forest Ecosystems 2017年第2期4卷 83-92页

作者： solichin Manuri cris Brack Fatmi Noor'an Teddy Rusolono shema Mukti Anggraini Helmut Dotzauer Indra Kumara Fenner school of Environment and society The Australian NationalUniversityLinnaeus Way Building 141Canberra ACT2601Australia Dipterocarps Research Center Forest Research Development and Innovation AgencyMinistry of Environment and ForestryJl.AW SyahraniSamarindaEast KalimantanIndonesia Faculty of Forestry Bogor Agricultural UniversityJl Raya DarmagaKampus IPBBogor 16680Indonesia Forests and Climate Change Program Deutsche Gesellschafc fur Internationale Zusammenarbeit(FORCLIME-GIZ)Manggala Wanabakti BuildingBlock VII6th floorJakartaIndonesia Biodiversity and Climate Change Program Deutsche Gesellschafr fur Internationale Zusammenarbeit(BIOCLIME-GIZ)Manggala Wanabakti BuildingBlock VIL 6th floorJakartaIndonesia District Forestry and Plantation service Jl.Antasarl No 4 Putussibaa Kapuas Hulu 78711West KalimantanIndonesia

Background： Currently, the common and feasible way to estimate the most accurate forest biomass requires ground measurements and allometric *** studies have been conducted on allometric equations development for estimating tree aboveground biomass（AGB） of tropical dipterocarp forests（TDFs） in Kalimantan（Indonesian Borneo）.However, before the use of existing equations, a validation for the selection of the best allometric equation is required to assess the model bias and *** study aims at evaluating the validity of local and pantropical equations; developing new allometric equations for estimating tree AGB in TDFs of Kalimantan; and validating the new equations using independent ***： We used 108 tree samples from destructive sampling to develop the allometric equations, with maximum tree diameter of 175 cm and another 109 samples from previous studies for validating our *** performed ordinary least squares linear regression to explore the relationship between the AGB and the predictor variables in the natural logarithmic ***： This study found that most of the existing local equations tended to be biased and imprecise, with mean relative error and mean absolute relative error more than 0.1 and 0.3, *** developed new allometric equations for tree AGB estimation in the TDFs of *** a validation using an independent dataset,we found that our equations were reliable in estimating tree AGB in *** pantropical equation, which includes tree diameter, wood density and total height as predictor variables performed only slightly worse than our new ***： Our equations improve the precision and reduce the bias of AGB estimates of *** models developed from small samples tend to systematically bias.A validation of existing AGB models is essential before the use of the models.

关键词： Allometric equation Local and pantropical models AGB Model validation Destructive sampling Tropical dipterocarp forest

skeletons of 3D surfaces Based on the Laplace-Beltrami Operator Eigenfunctions

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Applied Mathematics 2015年第2期6卷 414-420页

作者： adolfo Horacio Escalona-Buendia Lucila Ivonne Hernández-Martínez Rarafel Martínez-Vega Julio Roberto Murillo-Torres Omar Nieto-crisóstomo Academia de Informá tica Universidad Aut&oacute noma de la Ciudad de Mé xico Mexico City Mexico Academia de Matemá ticas Universidad Aut&oacute noma de la Ciudad de Mé xico Mexico City Mexico

In this work we describe the algorithms to construct the skeletons, simplified 1D representations for a 3D surface depicted by a mesh of points, given the respective eigenfunctions of the Discrete Laplace-Beltrami Operator (LBO). These functions are isometry invariant, so they are independent of the object’s representation including parameterization, spatial position and orientation. several works have shown that these eigenfunctions provide topological and geometrical information of the surfaces of interest [1] [2]. We propose to make use of that information for the construction of a set of skeletons, associated to each eigenfunction, which can be used as a fingerprint for the surface of interest. The main goal is to develop a classification system based on these skeletons, instead of the surfaces, for the analysis of medical images, for instance.

关键词： skeleton Centerline Discrete Laplace-Beltrami Operator Eigenfunctions Graph Theory

Expression of an endoglucanase from Tribolium castaneum （TcEG 1 ） in saccharomyces cerevisiae

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Insect science 2014年第5期21卷 609-618页

作者： Derek shirley cris Oppert Todd B. Reynolds Bethany Miracle Brenda Oppert William E. Klingeman Juan Luis Jurat-Fuentes Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology University of Tennessee Department of Microbiology University of TennesseeKnoxville TN 37996 UsDA-Agricultural Research service Center for Grain and Animal Health Research Manhattan KS 66502 Department of Plant sciences University of Tennessee Knoxville TN 37996 USA

Insects are a largely unexploited resource in prospecting for novel cellulolytic enzymes to improve the production of ethanol fuel from lignocellulosic biomass. The cost of lignocellulosic ethanol production is expected to decrease by the combination of cellulose degradation （saccharification） and fermentation of the resulting glucose to ethanol in a single process, catalyzed by the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae transformed to express efficient cellulases. While s. cerevisiae is an established heterologous expression system, there are no available data on the functional expression of insect cellulolytic enzymes for this species. To address this knowledge gap, s. cerevisiae was transformed to express the full-length cDNA encoding an endoglucanase from the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum （TcEG 1）, and evaluated the activity of the transgenic product （rTcEG 1）. Expression of the TcEG1 cDNA in s. cerevisiae was under control of the strong glyceraldehyde-3 phosphate dehydrogenase promoter. Cultured transformed yeast secreted rTcEG1 protein as a functional β-1,4-endoglucanase, which allowed transformants to survive on selective media containing cellulose as the only available carbon source. Evaluation of substrate specificity for secreted rTcEG1 demonstrated endoglucanase activity, although some activity was also detected against complex cellulose substrates. Potentially relevant to uses in biofuel production rTcEG1 activity increased with pH conditions, with the highest activity detected at pH 12. Our results demonstrate the potential for functional production of an insect cellulase in s. cerevisiae and confirm the stability of rTcEG1 activity in strong alkaline environments.

关键词： biofuels insect cellulase saccharomyces cerevisiae Tribolium castaneum yeast

Improvement of drought resistance through manipulation of the gibberellic acid pathway

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Ornamental Plant Research 2021年第1期1卷 91-97页

作者： Yaping Zhang Ayla Norris Michael s.Reid Cai-Zhong Jiang Department of Plant sciences University of California at DavisCA 95616USA Crops Pathology and Genetic Research Unit USDA-ARSDavisCA 95616USA

Improving plants'ability to survive under drought is of great importance to the horticultural *** plant hormone gibberellic acid(GA)mediates diverse aspects of plant growth and *** Arabidopsis gibberellin acid insensitive mutant gai-1 displays reduced plant height,altered GA response,and enhanced drought ***,over-expression of gai-1 using the constitutive 35s promoter results in dwarf plants with drought ***,we tested the hypothesis that the temporary inhibition of cell growth caused by inducible expression of the gai-1 gene would lead to better drought resistance and improve crop productivity without an undesirable dwarf *** generated transgenic plants in which the gai-1 gene was over-expressed in petunia,under a stress-inducible RD29A promoter from *** these plants were subjected to limited irrigation and drought treatments,transgenic plants showed phenotypes of darker green leaves and compact flowers compared to the wild type ***,these transgenic plants recovered sooner than wild type and the empty vector-transformed control *** study provides evidence that temporary inhibition of cell growth caused by over-expression of the gai-1 mutant gene with a drought stress-inducible promoter leads to better drought resistance when the plants experience drought ***:Zhang Y,Norris A,Reid Ms,Jiang *** of drought resistance through manipulation of the gibberellic acid pathway.

关键词： drought resistance manipulation

Land surface Displacement Geohazards Monitoring Using Multi-temporal InsAR Techniques

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Journal of Geodesy and Geoinformation science 2021年第1期4卷 77-87页

作者： Guang LIU Perski ZBIGNIEW salvi sTEFANO Thiebes BENNI Lixin WU Jinghui FAN shibiao BAI Lianhuan WEI shiyong YAN Rui sONG Bignami CHRIsTIAN Tolomei crisTIANO stefan sCHNEIDERBAUER Joao sousa JOAQUIM 无 Key Laboratory of Digital Earth science Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital EarthChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100094China Carpathian Branch Polish Geological Institute-National Research InstituteCracow 31-560Poland National Institute of Geophysics and Volcanology Roma 605-00143Italy German Committee for Disaster Reduction Bonn 1353113Germany school of Resources and Civil Engineering Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China Division of Remote sensing for Environment China Aero Geophysical Survey&Remote Sensing Center for Natural ResourcesBeijing 100083China school of Marine science and Ocean Engineering Nanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210046China school of Environment science and spatial Informatics China University of Mining and TechnologyXuzhou 221116China Mullard space science Laboratory Department of space and Climate Physics University College London Holmbury RH56NTUK Eurac Research Bolzano 39100Italy school of science and Technology University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto DouroVila Real 5000-801Portugal Centre for Robotics in Industry and Intelligent systems(CRIIs) INESC Technology and Science(INESC-TEC)Porto 4200-465Portugal

China has been affected by some of the world’s most serious geological disasters and experiences high economic damage every *** occur not only in remote areas but also in highly populated *** the framework of the Dragon-432365 Project,this paper presents the main results and the major conclusions derived from an extensive exploitation of sentinel-1,ALOs-2(Advanced Land Observing satellite 2),GF-3(Gao Fen satellite 3),and latest launched sAR(synthetic Aperture Radar),together with methods that allow the evaluation of their importance for various ***,in the scope of this project,the great benefits of recent remote sensing data(wide spatial and temporal coverage)that allow a detailed reconstruction of past displacement events and to monitor currently occurring phenomena are exploited to study different areas and geohazards problems,including:surface deformation of mountain slopes;identification and monitoring of ground movements and subsidence;landslides;ground fissure;and building inclination *** movements detected in the different study areas were cross validated with different sAR sensors and truth data.

关键词： Dragon-4 project sentinel-1 GF-3 landslide geohazards InsAR

Transcriptome profiling reveals regulatory mechanisms underlying corolla senescence in petunia

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Horticulture Research 2018年第1期5卷 711-723页

作者： Hong Wang XiaoXiao Chang Jing Lin Youhong Chang Jen-Chih Chen Michael s.Reid Cai-Zhong Jiang Institute of Pomology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences210014NanjingChina Department of Plant sciences University of CaliforniaDavisDavisCA95616USA Institute of Fruit Tree Research Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Science510640GuangzhouChina Institute of Biotechnology National Taiwan University10617TaipeiTaiwan United states Department of Agriculture Crops Pathology and Genetics Research UnitAgricultural Research ServiceDavisCA95616USA

The genetic regulatory mechanisms that govern natural corolla senescence in petunia are not well *** identify key genes and pathways that regulate the process,we performed a transcriptome analysis in petunia corolla at four developmental stages,including corolla fully opening without anther dehiscence(D0),corolla expansion,2 days after anthesis(D2),corolla with initial signs of senescence(D4),and wilting corolla(D7).We identified large numbers of differentially expressed genes(DEGs),ranging from 4626 between the transition from D0 and D2,1116 between D2 and D4,a transition to the onset of flower senescence,and 327 between D4 and D7,a developmental stage representing flower *** analysis showed that the auxin-and ethylene-related hormone biosynthesis and signaling transduction pathways were significantly activated during the flower development and highly upregulated at onset of flower *** emission was detected at the D2 to D4 transition,followed by a large eruption at the D4 to D7 ***,large numbers of transcription factors(TFs)were activated over the course of *** analysis by virus-induced gene silencing(VIGs)experiments demonstrated that inhibition of the expression of TFs,such as ethylene-related ERF,auxin-related ARF,bHLH,HB,and MADs-box,significantly extended or shortened flower *** data suggest that hormonal interaction between auxin and ethylene may play critical regulatory roles in the onset of natural corolla senescence in petunia.

关键词： senescence flower representing

Transcriptomic analysis reveals numerous diverse protein kinases and transcription factors involved in desiccation tolerance in the resurrection plant Myrothamnus flabellifolia

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Horticulture Research 2015年第1期2卷 154-165页

作者： Chao Ma Hong Wang Andrew J Macnish Alejandro C Estrada-Melo Jing Lin Youhong Chang Michael s Reid Cai-Zhong Jiang Department of Plant sciences University of CaliforniaDavisDavisCA 95616USA Institute of Horticulture Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic ImprovementNanjing 210014China United states Department of Agriculture Crops Pathology and Genetic Research UnitAgricultural Research ServiceDavisCA 95616USA

The woody resurrection plant Myrothamnus flabellifolia has remarkable tolerance to ***-sequencing technology permitted us to analyze the transcriptome of *** during both dehydration and *** identified a total of 8287 and 8542 differentially transcribed genes during dehydration and rehydration treatments *** 295 transcription factors(TFs)and 484 protein kinases(PKs)were up-or down-regulated in response to desiccation *** these,the transcript levels of 53 TFs and 91 PKs increased rapidly and peaked early during *** regulators transduce signal cascades of molecular pathways,including the up-regulation of ABA-dependent and independent drought stress pathways and the activation of protective mechanisms for coping with oxidative *** systems are up-regulated,and the photosynthetic system is modified to reduce ROs *** metabolism may participate in the desiccation tolerance of *** as indicated by increases in transcript abundance of genes involved in isopentenyl diphosphate ***-regulation of genes encoding late embryogenesis abundant proteins and sucrose phosphate synthase is also associated with increased tolerance to *** rehydration,the transcriptome is also enriched in transcripts of genes encoding TFs and PKs,as well as genes involved in photosynthesis,and protein *** data reported here contribute comprehensive insights into the molecular mechanisms of desiccation tolerance in ***.

关键词： hydration Antioxidant metabolism

Identification of Conserved Regulatory Elements in Mammalian Promoter Regions:A Case study Using the PCK1 Promoter

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2008年第3期6卷 129-143页

作者： George E. Liui Matthew T. Weirauch Curtis P. Van Tassell Robert W. Li Tad s. sonstegard LakshmiK. Matukumal Erin E. Connor Richard W. Hanson Jianqi Yang Bovine Functional Genomics Laboratory Beltsville Agricultural Research Center Beltsville MD 20705 USA Department of Biomolecular Engineering University of California Santa Cruz Santa Cruz CA 95064 USA Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology George Mason University Manassas VA 20110 USA Department of Biochemistry Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine Cleveland OH 44106 USA.

A systematic phylogenetic footprinting approach was performed to identify conserved transcription factor binding sites （TFBss） in mammalian promoter regions using human, mouse and rat sequence alignments. We found that the score distributions of most binding site models did not follow the Gaussian distribution required by many statistical methods. Therefore, we performed an empirical test to establish the optimal threshold for each model. We gauged our computational predictions by comparing with previously known TFBss in the PCK1 gene promoter of the cytosolic isoform of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, and achieved a sensitivity of 75% and a specificity of approximately 32% Almost all known sites overlapped with predicted sites, and several new putative TFBss were also identified. We validated a predicted sP1 binding site in the control of PCK1 transcription using gel shift and reporter assays. Finally, we applied our computational approach to the prediction of putative TFBss within the promoter regions of all available Refseq genes. Our full set of TFBs predictions is freely available at http：//***/tfbsConssites.

关键词： phylogenetic footprinting phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase transcription factor binding sites mammalian gene promoters

The alternative of Cubesat-based advanced infrared and microwave sounders for high impact weather forecasting

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Atmospheric and Oceanic science Letters 2019年第2期12卷 80-90页

作者： LI Zhenglong LI Jun sCHMIT Timothy J. WANG Pei LIM Agnes LI Jinlong NAGLE Fredrick W. BAI Wenguang OTKIN Jason A. ATLAs Robert HOFFMAN Ross N. BOUKABARA sid-Ahmed ZHU Tong BLACKWELL William J. PAGANO Thomas s. Cooperative Institute for Meteorological satellite studies University of Wisconsin-Madison Center for satellite Applications and Research National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National satellite Meteorological Center China Meteorological Administration Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory Ocean and Atmospheric Research/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric studies University of Miami Center for satellite Applications and Research National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration College Park Cooperative Institute for Research in the Atmosphere Colorado State University Lincoln Laboratory Massachusetts Institute of Technology Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology

The advanced infrared(IR) and microwave(MW) sounding systems have been providing atmospheric sounding information critical for nowcasting and improving weather forecasts through data assimilation in numerical weather prediction. In recent years, advanced IR and MW sounder systems are being proposed to be onboard Cubesats that are much more cost efficient than traditional satellite systems. An impact study using a regional Observing system simulation Experiment on a local severe storm(Lss) was carried out to evaluate the alternative of using advanced MW and IR sounders for high-impact weather forecasting in mitigating the potential data gap of the Advanced Technology Microwave sounder(ATMs) and the Cross-track Infrared sounder(cris) on the suomi-NPP(sNPP) or Joint Polar satellite system(JPss). It was found that either MicroMAs-2 or the Cubesat Infrared Atmospheric sounder(CIRAs) on a single Cubesat was able to provide a positive impact on the Lss forecast, and more Cubesats with increased data coverage yielded larger positive ***-2 has the potential to mitigate the loss of ATMs, and CIRAs the loss of cris, on sNPP or JPss, especially when multiple Cubesats are launched. There are several approximations and limitations to the present study, but these represent efficiencies appropriate to the principal goal of the study — gauging the relative values of these sensors.

关键词： OssE Cubesat sounder high-impact weather