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The Opportunities and Challenges of Geotourism:A Case Study in Oldonyo Lengai in Tanzania

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地学前缘 2009年第S1期16卷 293-294页

作者： Stephen Joseph Nyagonde constantine Deus Shirati College of Natural and Applied Science University of Dar es Salaam College of Arts and Social Science University of Dar es Salaam

Both geoparks and geosites are unique geological features of spectacular importance to earth science (global scientific importance) and the surrounding *** Oldonyo Lengai(The God for the Maasai people and unique activ... 详细信息

关键词： Oldonyo Lengai geotourism opportuneities and challenges

Self-perceptions and social–emotional classroom engagement following structured physical activity among preschoolers: A feasibility study

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2017年第2期6卷 241-247页

作者： Spyridoula Vazou constantine Mantis Gayle Luze Jacqueline S.Krogh Department of Kinesiology Iowa State UniversityAmesIA 50011USA Department of Human Development and Family Studies Iowa State UniversityAmesIA 50011USA

Background: The well-rounded development of the child, including physical, cognitive, emotional, and social health, may be the most efficient route to well-being and academic success. The primary goal was to investigate the feasibility of implementing a 12-week structured program of physical activity(PA) incorporating cognitive, social, and emotional elements in preschool. Additionally, this study, using a within-subject design,examined the acute effects of a PA session on classroom engagement and changes on perceived competence and peer acceptance from the first to the last week of the ***: Twenty-seven preschoolers(mean age = 4.2 years) completed the Pictorial Scale of Perceived Competence and Social Acceptance for Young Children before and after a twice-weekly PA program. Unobtrusive classroom observations were conducted for verbal, social, and affective engagement during the first and last week of the program, both following a structured PA session(experimental day) and on a day without PA(control day). Treatment fidelity was monitored to ensure that the intervention was delivered as ***: The children exhibited longer periods of verbal and social engagement during classroom periods that followed PA sessions than on non-PA days. Children also expressed more positive affect following PA sessions during the last week of the PA program. Despite high baseline scores,perceptions of general competence increased meaningfully(η2= 0.15, p = 0.05), driven by increase in perceptions of cognitive competence(η2= 0.15,p = 0.06).Conclusion: This study demonstrates the feasibility of providing structured PA program to preschoolers. Moreover, these initial findings suggest that purposely designed, structured PA may help advance the social–emotional engagement and perceived competence of preschool children.

关键词： Acute Intervention Long-term effects Movement Peer acceptance Perceived competence

Droplet impact on a wettability-patterned woven mesh

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Droplet 2023年第3期2卷 37-47页

作者： Sotiris Catsoulis Uddalok Sen Jens H.Walther constantine M.Megaridis Computational Science and Engineering Laboratory ETH ZürichZürichSwitzerl Physical Chemistry and Soft Matter Wageningen University and ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering Technical University of DenmarkLyngbyDenmark Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering University of Illinois ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA

Droplet impact and breakup on meshes are relevant to a number of applications involving filters,textiles,and other spatially inhomogeneous media encountering gasdispersed *** study presents high-resolution simulation results of mm-size droplets striking wettability-patterned meshes with the goal of(a)replicating prior physical experiments,(b)identifying sensitivities to the initial conditions and wettability of the mesh wires,and(c)studying the fluid-field dynamics when droplets strike such *** insights from the present model may help to advance understanding of droplet atomization on meshes,which depends on a number of parameters that are nontrivial to control in an experimental *** analysis is carried out by benchmarking the numerical methods used in a commercial software package for orthogonal droplet impact on a flat smooth surface,followed by a convergence analysis,and finally,simulation of specific experiments and case studies involving wettability-patterned mesh *** show that the wettability contrast between the hydrophilic and hydrophobic domains on the mesh as well as the contact angle hysteresis on each side play a critical role in determining whether liquid pinchoff *** three-dimensional computational framework constructed in this work is a step toward predicting the postimpact behavior of droplets that strike woven meshes and other porous inhomogeneous media consisting of materials with different wetting properties.

关键词： impact mesh inhomogeneous

Past, Present and Future Perspectives of Rice Production in Tanzania

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Agricultural Sciences 2023年第8期14卷 987-1006页

作者： constantine Busungu Department of Crop Science and Beekeeping University of Dar es Salaam Dar es Salaam Tanzania

Cultivated rice (Oryza sativa L. and Oryza. glaberrima) is one of the most important food crops in the world. World rice production has increased three times since the green revolution. However, climate change and global warming effects as well as ever increasing world population will require the world to produce more rice without increasing area under rice production in order to meet those demands. The best option to overcome these challenges includes adoption of climate-smart technologies and sustainable solutions to rice production. Rice was probably introduced in Tanzania over 1000 years ago by Asian traders during trade contacts between Asia and East Africa Coast through Indian Ocean. Rice cultivation had been restricted to coastal area until 19th century when it started spreading to interior areas of Tanzania. During colonial period (1880s-1960s), the emphasis was to produce cash crops as raw materials for industrialized world. After independence production of rice increased significantly. Currently, rice is the second most important food crop in Tanzania after maize and Tanzania is the leading producer of rice in East African countries. It ranks 4th and 22nd in Africa and World respectively in terms of rice production. In this paper, the rice history, ecosystems, challenges and future perspective for sustaining rice production in Tanzania is reviewed.

关键词： Rice Production History Ecosystems Challenges Perspectives Tanzania

Pravastatin:A potential cause for acute pancreatitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第43期12卷 7055-7057页

作者： constantine Tsigrelis CS Pitchumoni Department of Internal Medicine Sain Peter's University Hospital Robert Wood Johnson Medica School New Brunswick NJ United States Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Clinical Nutrition Department of Internal Medicine Saint Peter's University Hospital Robert Wood Johnson Medical School New Brunswick NJ United States

Acute pancreatitis （AP） secondary to drugs is uncommon, with an incidence ranging from 0.3% to 2.0% of AP cases. Drug-induced AP due to statins is rare, and only 12 cases have thus far been reported. In this case report, we report a case of a 50-year-old female on pravastatin therapy for 3 d prior to developing symptoms of AP. The common etiological factors for AP were all excluded. The patient was admitted to the intensive care unit secondary to respiratory distress, though she subsequently improved and was discharged 14 d after admission. Although the incidence of drug-induced AP is low, clinicians should have a high index of suspicion for it in patients with AP due to an unknown etiology. Clinicians should be aware of the association of statins with AR If a patient taking a statin develops abdominal pain, clinicians should consider the diagnosis of AP and conduct the appropriate laboratory and diagnostic evaluation if indicated.

关键词： Drug-induced pancreatitis Acute pancreatitis Statins Pravastatin.

The rediscovery of Strix butleri(Hume,1878)in Oman and Iran,with molecular resolution of the identity of Strix omanensis Robb,van den Berg and constantine,2013

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Chinese Birds 2016年第2期7卷 85-94页

作者： Magnus S.Robb George Sangster Mansour Aliabadian Arnoud B.van den Berg Mark constantine Martin Irestedt Ali Khani Seyed Babak Musavi Joao M.G.Nunes Maia Sarrouf Willson Alyn J.Walsh The Sound Approach Department of Bioinformatics and Genetics Swedish Museum of Natural History Department of Zoology Stockholm University Department of Biology Faculty of ScienceFerdowsi University of Mashhad Research Department of Zoological Innovations Institute of Applied ZoologyFaculty of ScienceFerdowsi University of Mashhad Khorasan-e Razavi Provincial Office of the Department of the Environment Khucheh Gochin Parque Ecológico do Funchal Environment Society of Oman Wildfowl Reserve

Background:Many species of owls(Strigidae) represent cryptic species and their taxonomic study is in *** recent years,two new species of owls of the genus Strix have been described from the Middle East by different research *** has been suggested that one of these species,***,is not a valid species but taxonomic compari?sons have been hampered by the lack of voucher specimens of ***,and the poor state of the holotype of ***:Here we use new DNA sequence data to clarify the taxonomy and nomenclature of the *** *** also report the capture of a single *** sensu stricto in Mashhad,***:A cytochrome b sequence of *** was found to be identical to that of the holotype of ***,indicating that the name *** is best regarded as a junior synonym of *** identity of the *** captured in Mashhad,Iran,was confirmed using DNA sequence *** represents a major(1300 km) range exten?sion of this ***:The population discovered in Oman in 2013 and originally named ‘***' actually represents the rediscovery of ***,which was known from a single specimen and had not been recorded since *** range of *** extends into northeast *** study augments the body of evidence for the recognition of *** and *** as separate species and highlights the importance of using multiple evidence to study cryptic owl species.

关键词： Molecular identification Nomenclature Phylogenetics Strigidae Strix Taxonomy

Classification and detection of dominant factors in geospatial patterns of traditional settlements in China

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2022年第5期32卷 873-891页

作者： WU Shaolin DI Baofeng Susan L.USTIN constantine A.STAMATOPOULOS LI Jierui ZUO Qi WU Xiao AI Nanshan College of Architecture and Environment Sichuan UniversityChengdu610065China Institute for Disaster Management and Reconstruction Sichuan University-The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityChengdu610207China John Muir Institute of the Environment University of California DavisDavisCA95616USA Stamatopoulos and Associates Co.&Hellenic Open University Athens11471Greece

The geospatial distribution pattern in traditional Chinese settlements(TCSs)reflects the traditional harmony between humans and nature,which has been learned over ***,TCSs have experienced serious disturbances by urbanization and *** is crucial to explore the local wisdom of geospatial patterns and dominant factors for TCSs at the national scale in *** study sought to determine the geospatial wisdom of traditional settlements to enrich our future settlement development with the aim of establishing Chinese settlement values for modern ***,a dataset of 4000 TCSs were analyzed and clustered for environmental factors that affect their geospatial patterns by machine learning *** concluded that(1)five geospatial patterns of TCSs were clustered on a national scale,and the threshold of environmental factors of TCS groups was detected.(2)Environmental conditions and settlement concepts interacted and determined the similarities and differences among TCS groups.(3)The key boundary for TCSs and the dominant factors for each zone were determined,and topographical conditions and hydrologic resources played significant roles in all five TCS *** study provides a better understanding of the adaptability of the environment in relation to the TCSs and aids in planning TCS conservation and rural revitalization.

关键词： rural settlements geographical pattern rural revitalization traditional wisdom

Droplet orthogonal impact on nonuniform wettability surfaces

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Droplet 2023年第3期2卷 68-78页

作者： Shashwata Moitra Mohamed Elsharkawy Antonio Russo Sreya Sarkar Ranjan Ganguly Pietro Asinari constantine M.Megaridis Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering University of Illinois ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA Energy Department Politecnico di TorinoTorinoItaly Department of Power Engineering Jadavpur UniversityKolkataWest BengalIndia

The vast majority of prior studies on droplet impact have focused on collisions of liquid droplets with spatially homogeneous(i.e.,uniform-wettability)*** in recent years,there has been growing interest on droplet impact on nonuniform wettability surfaces,which are more relevant in *** paper presents first an experimental study of axisymmetric droplet impact on wettability-patterned *** experiments feature millimeter-sized water droplets impacting centrally with Weθ_(2)(i.e.,the outer domain is more wettable than the inner one).The experimental observations are consistent with the scaling and predictions of the analytical model,thus outlining a strategy for predicting droplet impact behavior for more complex wettability patterns.

关键词： nonuniform outer interior

Transradial versus transfemoral access for anterior circulation mechanical thrombectomy: analysis of 375 consecutive cases

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2021年第2期6卷 207-213页

作者： Timothy John Phillips Matthew Thomas Crockett Gregory D Selkirk Ruchi Kabra Albert Ho Yuen Chiu Tejinder Singh constantine Phatouros William McAuliffe Neurological Intervention and Imaging Service of Western Australia Sir Charles Gairdner HospitalPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia Neurological Intervention and Imaging Service of Western Australia Fiona Stanley HospitalPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia Neurological Intervention and Imaging Service of Western Australia Royal Perth HospitalPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia

Objective To compare transradial artery access(TRA)to the gold standard of transfemoral artery access(TFA)in mechanical thrombectomy(MT)for stroke caused by anterior circulation large vessel *** The clinical outcomes,procedural speed,angiographic efficacy and safety of both techniques were analysed in 375 consecutive cases over an 18-month period in a high volume statewide neurointerventional *** There was no significant difference in patient characteristics,stroke parameters,imaging techniques or intracranial *** median time elapsed between CT scanning and reperfusion was 96.5 min(IQR 68-123)in the TFA group and 95 min(IQR 68-123)in the TRA group(p=0.456).Of 336 patients who were independent at presentation 58%(124/214)of the TFA group and 67%(82/122)of the TRA group had a modified Rankin score of 0-2 at 90-day follow-up(p=0.093).Cross-over from radial to femoral was 4.6%(4/130)compared with 1.6%cross-over from femoral to radial(4/245),but did not meet the predetermined level of statistical significance(OR2.92,95% CI 0.81 to 10.52,p=0.088) and did not impact median procedural *** angiographic reperfusion,first pass reperfusion,embolisation to new territory and symptomatic intracranial haemorrhage were similar in both *** was a significant difference in major access site complications requiring an additional *** of the TRA cases had a major access site complication but 6.5%(16/245)of the TFA cases did(p=0.003).Conclusion This study suggests that using TRA for anterior circulation MT is fast,efficacious,safe and not inferior to the gold standard of TFA.

关键词： service radial cases