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A finite volume method for global electromagnetic induction forward modeling on collocated unstructured grids

Earth and Planetary Physics 2023年第1期7卷 57-65页

作者： Liang Yin ZhengYong Ren HongBo Yao Cong Yang State Key Laboratory of Lunar and Planetary Sciences Macao University of Science and TechnologyMacaoChina CNSA Macao Center for Space Exploration and Science MacaoChina School of Geosciences and Info-Physics Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China Key Laboratory of Metallogenic Prediction of Nonferrous Metals and Geological Environment Monitoring Ministry of Education(Central South University)Changsha 410083China Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Resources and Geological Hazards Exploration Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China

Global electromagnetic induction provides an efficient way to probe the electrical conductivity in the Earth’s deep interior.Owing to the increasing geomagnetic data especially from high-accuracy geomagnetic satellites,inverting the Earth’s three-dimensional conductivity distribution on a global scale becomes attainable.A key requirement in the global conductivity inversion is to have a forward solver with high-accuracy and efficiency.In this study,a finite volume method for global electromagnetic induction forward modeling is developed based on unstructured grids.Arbitrary polyhedral grids are supported in our algorithms to obtain high geometric adaptability.We employ a cell-centered collocated variable arrangement which allows convenient discretization for complex geometries and straightforward implementation of multigrid technique.To validate the method,we test our code with two synthetic models and compare our finite volume results with an analytical solution and a finite element numerical solution.Good agreements are observed between our solution and other results,indicating acceptable accuracy of the proposed method.

关键词： global electromagnetic induction mantle electrical conductivity finite volume method unstructured grids

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The disruption of intestinal homeostasis when foods are colored red

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2022年第7期19卷 855-857页

作者： Wenjing yang Yingzi cong Department of Microbiology and Immunology The University of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTX 77555USA

Food colorant Red 40 has been shown to induce colitis in the context of dysregulated IL-23.However,the mechanism involved is still not fully understood.A study by Chen et al.in this issue of Cellular Molecular Immunology[1]demonstrates that under dysregulated IL-23 production from myeloid cells,Red 40 induces IFNγ^(+)cytotoxic CD4^(+)T cells to promote colitis.

关键词： homeostasis Immunology

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Constructing Ti_(3)C_(2) MXene/ZnIn_(2)S_(4) heterostructure as a Schottky catalyst for photocatalytic environmental remediation

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Green Energy & Environment 2022年第2期7卷 246-256页

作者： Sijian Li Luhua Shao Zhenfei yang Shu Cheng Cong Yang Yutang Liu Xinnian Xia College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hunan UniversityChangshaHunan410082China College of Environmental Science and Engineering Hunan UniversityLushan South RoadYuelu DistrictChangshaHunan410082China

It is highly demanded to steer the charge flow in semiconductor for efficient photocatalytic environmental remediation.Herein,we designed an interfacial contact Ti_(3)C_(2) MXene/ZnIn_(2)S_(4) nanosheets(TC/ZISNS) Schottky heterostructure which could greatly enhance photogenerated charge separation of ZnIn_(2)S_(4) (ZIS).Through TEM and XPS measurement,the strong interface coupling between 2D ZnIn_(2)S_(4) nanosheets and 2D Ti_(3)C_(2) MXene were explained,and the formation of Schottky heterostructure was demonstrated by electrochemical method.To investigate the photocatalytic activity of as-prepared samples,the photocatalytic reduction of Cr(VI) and photocatalytic oxidation degradation tetracycline hydrochloride(TC-H) experiments were carried out.The results showed that the Schottky catalyst(10%-TC/ZISNS) possessed the optimum photocatalytic efficiency.Especially,the apparent rate constant of Cr(VI) reduction with 10%-TC/ZISNS was 3.9 times than that of pure ZIS.The photocatalytic performance of 10%-TC/ZISNS toward degradation rate of TC-H was 1.8 times than that of pure ZIS.Finally,a possible mechanism for great enhancement of visible-light driven photocatalytic activity in the TC/ZISNS system was provided.On the whole,this work provided a new insight on 2D/2D contact Schottky heterostructure for enhancing photocatalytic activity.

关键词： Schottky heterostructure charge

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Deterministic Learning-Based Neural PID Control for Nonlinear Robotic Systems

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第5期11卷 1227-1238页

作者： Qinchen yang Fukai Zhang cong Wang The authors are with the School of Control Science and Engineering Shandong UniversityJinan 250061China

Traditional proportional-integral-derivative(PID)controllers have achieved widespread success in industrial applications.However,the nonlinearity and uncertainty of practical systems cannot be ignored,even though most of the existing research on PID controllers is focused on linear systems.Therefore,developing a PID controller with learning ability is of great significance for complex nonlinear systems.This article proposes a deterministic learning-based advanced PID controller for robot manipulator systems with uncertainties.The introduction of neural networks(NNs)overcomes the upper limit of the traditional PID feedback mechanism’s capability.The proposed control scheme not only guarantees system stability and tracking error convergence but also provides a simple way to choose the three parameters of PID by setting the proportional coefficients.Under the partial persistent excitation(PE)condition,the closed-loop system unknown dynamics of robot manipulator systems are accurately approximated by NNs.Based on the acquired knowledge from the stable control process,a learning PID controller is developed to further improve overall control performance,while overcoming the problem of repeated online weight updates.Simulation studies and physical experiments demonstrate the validity and practicality of the proposed strategy discussed in this article.

关键词： PID robot system

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Gut microbiota-derived metabolites in the regulation of host immune responses and immune-related inflammatory diseases

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第4期18卷 866-877页

作者： Wenjing yang Yingzi cong Department of Microbiology and Immunology University of Texas and 2Department of Pathology University of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTXUSA

The gut microbiota has a critical role in the maintenance of immune homeostasis.Alterations in the intestinal microbiota and gut microbiota-derived metabolites have been recognized in many immune-related inflammatory disorders.These metabolites can be produced by gut microbiota from dietaiy components or by the host and can be modified by gut bacteria or synthesized de novo by gut bacteria.Gut microbiota-derived metabolites influence a plethora of immune cell responses,including T cells,B cells,dendritic cells,and macrophages.Som e of these metabolites are involved in the pathogenesis of immune-related inflammatory diseases,such as inflammatory bowel diseases,diabetes,rheumatoid arthritis,and systemic lupus erythematosus.Here,we review the role of microbiota-derived metabolites in regulating the functions of different immune cells and the pathogenesis of chronic immune-related inflammatory diseases.

关键词： gut microbiota metabolites T cells B cells autoimmune diseases

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High-precision modeling of tide-induced 3-D magnetic field and analysis of geomagnetic satellite orbit requirements

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第1期67卷 165-178页

作者： Zhengyong REN Cong Yang Hongbo YAO Xu TANG Jingtian TANG Keke ZHANG Key Laboratory of Metallogenic Prediction of Nonferrous Metals and Geological Environment Monitoring Ministry of Education Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Resources and Geological Hazards Exploration Changsha 410083China School of Geosciences and Info-Physics Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China State Key Laboratory of Lunar and Planetary Sciences Macao University of Science and TechnologyMacao 999078China

Ground-based magnetic observatories and geomagnetic satellites can observe the induced magnetic field generated by the motion of seawater containing sodium and chlorine ions.Calculating the three-dimensional(3-D)spatial distribution of tide-induced magnetic fields(TIMF)is crucial for inverting the electrical conductivity structure of the oceanic lithosphere.It also serves as an essential basis for designing optimal geomagnetic observatories and satellite orbits.However,existing methods for simulating TIMF suffer from limitations in inaccurately modeling realistic coastlines,heterogeneous land and sea surface properties,and complex deep Earth structures,thereby the interpretational level of TIMF data is reduced.To overcome this issue,we developed a tetrahedral-based finite element method for simulating TIMF,which can efficiently approximate realistic coastlines,heterogeneous land and sea surface properties,and complex deep Earth structures.Firstly,we derived the boundary value problem for the seawater motion-induced electromagnetic field,which was solved using the vector finite element method based on tetrahedral elements.Secondly,using the latest ocean depth and seafloor sediment layer models,we constructed a 3-D conductivity model of the Earth,which includes realistic coastlines,heterogeneous land and sea conductivity distributions.We then computed the TIMF using the M_(2)tidal source as an example and validated our method by comparing it with results obtained from spherical harmonic finite element and integral equation methods.Finally,utilizing the computed high-precision M_(2),N_(2),and O1 TIMF signals,we marked global observatories capable of observing strong M_(2),N_(2),and O1 TIMF signals and predicted alternative stations suitable for tide signal observations.Additionally,we calculated TIMF at heights of 450 and 200 km for the Macao Science Satellite 1 and its subsequent satellites.The results indicate that the amplitude of the tidal-induced magnetic field at 200 km is approximately twice that at 450 km.Th

关键词： Ocean motional induction Electromagnetic induction Ocean tides Geomagnetic satellite Macao Science Satellite 1

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Seg-CapNet:A Capsule-Based Neural Network for the Segmentation of Left Ventricle from Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2021年第2期36卷 323-333页

作者： yang-Jie Cao Shuang Wu Chang Liu Nan Lin Yuan Wang Cong Yang Jie Li School of Software Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450000China Center of Modern Analysis and Gene Sequencing Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450000China Department of Computer Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200000China

Deep neural networks(DNNs)have been extensively studied in medical image segmentation.However,existing DNNs often need to train shape models for each object to be segmented,which may yield results that violate cardiac anatomical structure when segmenting cardiac magnetic resonance imaging(MRI).In this paper,we propose a capsulebased neural network,named Seg-CapNet,to model multiple regions simultaneously within a single training process.The Seg-CapNet model consists of the encoder and the decoder.The encoder transforms the input image into feature vectors that represent objects to be segmented by convolutional layers,capsule layers,and fully-connected layers.And the decoder transforms the feature vectors into segmentation masks by up-sampling.Feature maps of each down-sampling layer in the encoder are connected to the corresponding up-sampling layers,which are conducive to the backpropagation of the model.The output vectors of Seg-CapNet contain low-level image features such as grayscale and texture,as well as semantic features including the position and size of the objects,which is beneficial for improving the segmentation accuracy.The proposed model is validated on the open dataset of the Automated Cardiac Diagnosis Challenge 2017(ACDC 2017)and the Sunnybrook Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging(MRI)segmentation challenge.Experimental results show that the mean Dice coefficient of Seg-CapNet is increased by 4.7%and the average Hausdorff distance is reduced by 22%.The proposed model also reduces the model parameters and improves the training speed while obtaining the accurate segmentation of multiple regions.

关键词： capsule neural network image segmentation left ventricle segmentation cardiac magnetic resonance imaging

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Camouflaged people detection based on a semi-supervised search identification network

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2023年第3期21卷 176-183页

作者： yang Liu cong-qing Wang Yong-jun Zhou College of Automation Engineering Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing211106China Science and Technology on Near-Surface Detection Laboratory Wuxi214000China

Automated detection of military people based on the images in different environments plays an important role in accurately completing military missions.With the equipment gradually moving towards intelligence,unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs)will be widely used for integrated reconnaissance/attack in the future.The lightweight and compact design of the small UAV allows it to travel through dense forests and other environments to capture images with its convenient mobility.However,as the camouflage has been designed to blend in with surroundings,which greatly reduces the probability of the target being discovered.Moreover,the lack of training data on camouflaged people detection will inhibit the training of a deep model.To address these problems,a novel semi-supervised camouflaged military people detection network is proposed to automatically detect the target from the images.In this paper,the camouflaged object detection dataset(COD10K)is first supplemented according to our mission requirements,then the edge attention is utilized to enhance the boundaries based on search identification network.Further,a semi-supervised learning strategy is presented to take advantage of the unlabeled data which can alleviate insufficient data and improve the detection accuracy.Experiments demonstrate that the proposed semi-supervised search identification network(Semi-SINet)performs well in camouflaged people detection compared with other object detection methods.

关键词： network environments utilized

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Morphology Engineering for Covalent Organic Frameworks (COFs) by Surfactant Mediation and Acid Adjustment

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2022年第4期40卷 338-344页

作者： Guang-Hui yang Zhe Zhang cong-cong Yin Xian-Song Shi Yong Wang State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering College of Chemical EngineeringNanjing Tech UniversityNanjing 211816China

Two-dimensional covalent organic frameworks(COFs)with specific morphologies including nanofibers and nanoplates are highly desired in both nanoscience research and practical applications.Thus far,however,morphology engineering for COFs remains challenging because the mechanism underlying the morphology formation and evolution of COFs is not well understood.Herein,we propose a strategy of surfactant mediation coupled with acid adjustment to engineer the morphology of aβ-ketoenamine-linked COF,TpPa,during solvothermal synthesis.The surfactants function as stabilizers that can encapsulate monomers and prepolymers to create micelles,enabling the formation of fiber-like and plate-like morphologies of TpPa rather than irregularly shaped aggregates.It is also found that acetic acid is important in regulating such morphologies,as the amino groups inside the prepolymers can be precisely protonated by acid adjustment,leading to an inhibited ripening process for the creation of specific morphologies.Benefitting from the synergistic enhancement of surfactant mediation and acid adjustment,TpPa nanofibers with a diameter down to~20 nm along with a length of up to a few microns and TpPa nanoplates with a thickness of~18 nm are created.Our work sheds light on the mechanism underlying the morphology formation and evolution of TpPa,providing some guidance for exquisite control over the growth of COFs,which is of great significance for their practical applications.

关键词： Covalent organic frameworks(COFs) Morphology engineering Surfactants Nanofibers Nanoplates

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RT-qPCR normalization of reference genes in different lifehistory stages of Gracilaria vermiculophylla(Rhodophyta)

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2023年第5期41卷 1910-1917页

作者： Yingyue ZHANG Jinxin yang Ze yang cong QI Di XU Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding Ministry of EducationCollege of Marine Life SciencesOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266003China

The quantitative realtime polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR)is a powerful and sensitive method to measure expression of targeted gene but it highly relies on the use of suitable reference genes for data normalization.We evaluated the expressions of 8 housekeeping genes:18S ribosomal rDNA(18S rDNA),28S ribosomal r DNA(28S rDNA),rubisco large subunit(rbc-L),β-actin(ACT),glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase(GAPDH),elongation factor 1(EF1),β-tubulin(Tub B),and P-phycoerythrin B(PEB),to select the suitable reference genes for different life-history stages(tetrasporophyte,carposporophyte,and male/female gametophyte)of Gracilaria vermiculophylla by absolute quantitative method.Softwares geNorm and BestKeeper were used to verify the results acquired from copy number analysis.Results show that the expression of identified reference genes varied in comparing groups composed of different type of life stages.It is suggested that 18S rDNA and TubB could be used for highly complex samples composed of mixed ploidy and phases.18S rDNA and 28S rDNA were also preferred for using among the matured isomorphic samples.But for samples with different maturities,TubB and ACT were recommended for tetrasporophytes and gametophytes respectively.

关键词： reference gene Gracilaria vermiculophylla life-history stage quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR) red algae

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