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Suppression of host plant defense by bacterial small RNAs packaged in outer membrane vesicles

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Plant Communications 2024年第4期5卷 252-254页

作者： Yan Wu Sai Wang Peihong Wang Wenhan Nie Iftikhar Ahmad Panagiotis f.Sarris Gongyou Chen Bo Zhu Shanghai Yangtze River Delta Eco-Environmental Change and Management Observation and Research Station Shanghai Cooperative Innovation Center for Modern Seed Industry School of Agriculture and Biology Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China Department of Environmental Sciences COMSATS University Islamabad Vehari-Campus Vehari 61100 Pakistan Department of Biology University of Crete 714 09 Heraklion Crete Greece Shanghai Jiao Tong University Chongqing Research Institute Shanghai China

(Plant Communications 5,100817;April 82024)After a careful,in-depth examination,the authors found some additional errors in the published *** revision,the authors created a mutant DXosr001(in which the full-length Xosr001 was deleted)and a mutant DXosr001’(in which the predicted binding motif of Xosr001 was deleted)as shown in figure S4 of the original *** RNA-fISH assays,Xosr001 transcript could not be detected in leaves inoculated with DXosr001-OMVs,while leaves inoculated with WT-and DXosr001’-OMVs could emit green fluorescence.

关键词： deleted figure outer

SARS-CoV-2 variants are associated with different clinical courses in children with MIS-C

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第2期20卷 143-152页

作者： Andres f.Moreno Rojas Emelia Bainto Helen Harvey Adriana H.Tremoulet Jane C.Burns Kirsten B.Dummer Department of Pediatrics Division of Pediatric CardiologyUniversity of California San Diegoand Rady Children’s Hospital3020 Children’s Way MC 5004San DiegoCA 92123USA Kawasaki Disease Research Center La JollaCAUSA Department of Pediatrics Division of Pediatric Critical CareUniversity of California San Diegoand Rady Children’s HospitalSan DiegoCAUSA Department of Pediatrics University of California San Diegoand Rady Children’s HospitalSan DiegoCAUSA

Background Recent infection with SARS‑CoV-2 in children has been associated with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children(MIS-C).SARS‑CoV-2 has undergone different *** publications exist about specific variants and their correlation with the severity of *** This was a single-center,retrospective study including all patients admitted with MIS-C at Rady Children’s Hospital-San Diego between May 2020 and March *** epidemiologic data,including viral genomic information,were obtained from public ***,clinical presentation,laboratory values,and outcomes were obtained from electronic medical *** The analysis included 104 pediatric *** MIS-C waves were *** variants in San Diego during the first wave included clades 20A to *** the second wave,there were variants from clades 20A to C,20G,21C(Epsilon),20I(Alpha),and 20J(Gamma).The third wave had Delta strains(clades 21A,21I,and 21J),and the fourth had Omicron variants(clades 21K,21L,and 22C).MIS-C presented with similar symptoms and laboratory findings across all *** patients were admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit(PICU)(74%)and required inotropic support(63%)during the second *** of the patients required mechanical circulatory support,and only two required invasive ventilatory *** was no *** The various strains of SARS-CoV-2 triggered MIS-C with differing severities,with the second wave having a more severe clinical *** the differences in disease severity across variants were due to changes in the virus or other factors remains unknown.

关键词： Complications COVID-19 MIS-C SARS-CoV-2 variants

MgO-attached graphene nanosheet(MgO@GNS)reinforced magnesium matrix nanocomposite with superior mechanical,corrosion and biological performance

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第9期31卷 2062-2076页

作者： S.Abazari A.Shamsipur H.R.Bakhsheshi-Rad M.S.Soheilirad f.Khorashadizade S.S.Mirhosseini Department of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering Amirkabir University of TechnologyTehran ***Iran Iranian National Standards Organization of Hormozgan HormozganIran Advanced Materials Research Center Department of Materials EngineeringNajafabad BranchIslamic Azad UniversityNajafabadIran Department of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering Iran University of Science and TechnologyTehranIran

Magnesium(Mg)alloys are gaining great consideration as body implant materials due to their high biodegradability and ***,they suffer from low corrosion resistance and antibacterial *** this research,semi-powder metallurgy followed by hot extrusion was utilized to produce the magnesium oxide@graphene nanosheets/magnesium(MgO@GNS/Mg)composite to improve mechanical,corrosion and cytocompatibility *** have revealed that the incorporation of MgO@GNS nanohybrids into Mg-based composite enhanced microhardness and compressive *** vitro,osteoblast cell culture tests show that using MgO@GNS nanohybrid fillers enhances osteoblast adhesion and apatite *** presence of MgO@GNS nanoparticles in the composites decreased the opening defects,micro-cracks and micro-pores of the composites thus preventing the penetration of the corrosive solution into the *** demonstrated that the MgO@GNS/Mg composite possesses excellent antibacterial properties because of the combination of the release of MgO and physical damage to bacterium membranes caused by the sharp edges of graphene nanosheets that can effectively damage the cell wall thereby facilitating penetration into the bacterial lipid ***,the MgO@GNS/Mg composite with high mechanical strength,antibacterial activity and corrosion resistance is considered to be a promising material for load-bearing implant applications.

关键词： metal matrix composites MgO@GNS nanohybrid strengthening mechanisms antibacterial activity biocompatibility

In situ digital testing method for quality assessment of soft soil improvement with polyurethane

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第5期16卷 1732-1748页

作者： X.f.Wang C.J.Wang W.V.Yue Z.J.Zhang Z.Q.Yue Department of Civil Engineering China University of Geosciences (Beijing)BeijingChina Department of Water Science and Engineering Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina Department of Geotechnical Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghaiChina Department of Civil Engineering The University of Hong KongChina

This study purposes an in situ testing method on quality assessment of soil *** drilling data includes the spatial distribution and in situ strength of untreated and treated soil along three different drillholes measured by on-site drilling monitoring *** factual drilling data can characterize the degree of soil improvement by penetration injection with permeable *** from on-site drilling monitoring shows that the linear zones represent constant drilling speeds shown in the plot of drill bit advancement *** drilling time,which indicates the spatial distributions of soil *** soil profile at the study site is composed of four layers,which includes fill,untreated silty clay,treated silty clay,and mucky *** results of soil profile are verified by the parallel site *** constant drilling speeds profile the coring-resistant strength of drilled *** comparing with the untreated silty clay,the constant drilling speeds of the treated silty clay have been decreased by 13.0-62.8%.Two drilling-speed-based indices of 61.2%and 65.6%are proposed to assess the decreased average drilling speed and the increased in situ strength of treated silty *** tests,*** compressive strength(UCS)test,have been performed with core sample to investigate and characterize in situ strength by comparing that with drilling *** show that the average predicted strengths of treated silty clay are 2.4-6.9 times higher than the average measured strength of untreated silty *** UCS-based indices of 374.5%and 344.2%verified the quality assessment(QA)results by this new in situ *** method provides a cost-effective tool for quality assessment of soil improvement by utilizing the digital drilling data.

关键词： Drilling process monitoring system Hydraulic rotary drilling process Constant drilling speed Soil improvement Quality assessment

Prospective cohort study on facial profile changes in infants with Robin sequence and healthy controls

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第6期20卷 581-589页

作者： Cornelia Wiechers Julian Sowula Karen Kreutzer Christoph E.Schwarz Christina Weismann Michael Krimmel Christian f.Poets Bernd Koos Department of Neonatology Tuebingen University HospitalCalwerstrasse 772076 TuebingenGermany Center for Cleft Lip Palate and Craniofacial MalformationsTuebingen University HospitalTuebingenGermany Department of Orthodontics Tuebingen University HospitalTuebingenGermany Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Tuebingen University HospitalTuebingenGermany

Background Various conservative and surgical approaches exist to treat Robin sequence(RS),but their effects on facial profile and mandibular catch-up growth are unclear.A functional treatment concept,used in our centre for 25 years,includes an individualized palatal plate with a velo-pharyngeal extension and intensive feeding *** We performed a prospective study to objectively describe facial profiles in infants with RS treated with the above *** with isolated RS were admitted to our tertiary perinatal and national referral centre for craniofacial malformations between May 2018 and Nov *** with RS received 3D-photographs during clinically indicated *** controls were recruited from Dec 2018 to Sep 2019 and received 3D-photographs every 3 *** digitally measured jaw index(JI),defined as alveolar overjet(O)x maxillary arch(U)/mandibular arch(L),and the soft tissue reference points A’-point,Nasion’,B’-point angle(ANB’),describing the relative position of maxilla to mandible,were *** mixed models were used to examine time trajectories in JI and ANB’.Results A total of 2073D images,obtained in 19 infants with RS and 32 controls,were *** and ANB’decreased over time in both groups[for JI−0.18(95%CI−0.25 to−0.10);for ANB’:−0.40°per month[(95%CI−0.48 to−0.32)]]but remained lower in controls[for JI−2.5(95%CI−3.2 to−1.8);for ANB’-1.7°(95%CI−2.4 to−1.0)].Also,the ANB’model showed a significant effect of the interaction term diagnosis x *** Based on longitudinal 3D images,we describe changes in objective parameters of facial profile in infants with and without RS during the first year of *** findings indicate catch-up growth in infants treated for RS.

关键词： Infant Mandibular catch-up growth Pre-epiglottic Baton Plate Robin sequence Three-dimensional photography

Phase composition,conductivity,and sensor properties of cerium-doped indium oxide

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Nano Materials Science 2024年第2期6卷 193-200页

作者： M.I.Ikim G.N.Gerasimov V.f.Gromov O.J.Ilegbusi L.I.Trakhtenberg N.N.Semenov federal Research Center for Chemical Physics of RAS MoscowRussia University of Central florida OrlandoFLUSA Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology(State University) DolgoprudnyMoscow RegionRussia Lomonosov Moscow State University MoscowRussia

The hydrothermal synthesis of In_(2)O_(3)and CeO_(2)–In_(2)O_(3)is investigated as well as the properties of sensor layers based on these *** the synthesis of In_(2)O_(3),intermediate products In(OH)_(3)and InOOH are formed,which are the precursors of stable cubic(c-In_(2)O_(3))and metastable rhombohedral(rh-In_(2)O_(3))phases,respectively.A transition from c-In_(2)O_(3)to rh-In_(2)O_(3)is observed with the addition of CeO_(2).The introduction of cerium into rh-In_(2)O_(3)results in a decrease in the sensor response to hydrogen,while it increases in composites based on c-In_(2)O_(3).The data on the sensor activity of the composites correlate with XPS results in which CeO_(2)causes a decrease in the concentrations of chemisorbed oxygen and oxygen vacancies in rh-In_(2)O_(3).The reverse situation is observed in composites based on c-In_(2)O_(3).Compared to In_(2)O_(3)and CeO_(2)–In_(2)O_(3)obtained by other methods,the synthesized composites demonstrate maximum response to H_(2)at low temperatures by 70–100℃,and have short response time(0.2–0.5 s),short recovery time(6–7 s),and long-term stability.A model is proposed for the dependence of sensitivity on the direction of electron transfer between In_(2)O_(3)and CeO_(2).

关键词： Cerium oxide Indium oxide Nanocomposite Hydrothermal method Cubic phase Rhombohedral phase Sensor response Conductivity Hydrogen Response/recovery time

Design of a Novel Exoskeleton with Passive Magnetic Spring Self-locking and Spine Lateral Balancing

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2024年第1期21卷 236-255页

作者： Jhon f.Rodríguez-León Betsy D.M.Chaparro-Rico Daniele Cafolla francesco Lago Eduardo Castillo-Castañeda Giuseppe Carbone Centro de Investigacion en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnologia Avanzada Unidad Querétaro MecatronicaInstituto Politécnico NacionalCerro Blanco 14176090 Colinas del CimatarioQuerétaroMexico Department of Mechanical Energy and Management EngineeringUniversity of CalabriaVia P.Bucci Cubo 46 C87036 RendeItaly faculty of Science and Engineering Department of Computer ScienceSwansea UniversitySwanseaUK CESTER University of Cluj-NapocaCluj-NapocaRomania

This paper proposes a new upper-limb exoskeleton to reduce worker physical *** proposed design is based on a novel PRRRP(P-Prismatic;R-Revolute)kinematic chain with 5 passive Degrees of freedom(Dof).Utilizing a magnetic spring,the proposed mechanism includes a specially designed locking mechanism that maintains any desired task *** proposed exoskeleton incorporates a balancing mechanism to alleviate discomfort and spinal torsional effects also helping in limb weight *** paper reports specific models and simulations to demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed *** experimental characterization is performed to validate the performance of the mechanism in terms of forces and physical strain during a specific application consisting of ceiling-surface drilling *** obtained results preliminarily validate the engineering feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed exoskeleton in the intended operation task thereby requiring the user to exert significantly less force than when not wearing it.

关键词： Assistive mechanism Exoskeleton Locking mechanism Bionic robot

Sub-stoichiometric functionally graded titania fibres for water-splitting applications

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Journal of Semiconductors 2015年第6期36卷 11-16页

作者： Vaia Adamaki A.Sergejevs C.Clarke f.clemens f.Marken C.R.Bowen Mechanical Engineering Department University of Bath Electronic and Electrical Engineering Department University of Bath High Performance Ceramics EMPA Materials Science and Technology Chemistry Department University of Bath

The photo-electro-chemical （PEC） splitting of water requires semiconductor materials with a minimum energy gap of 1.23 eV along with conduction and valence bands overlapping the oxidation of H20 and reduction of H＋ respectively. This work overcomes the limitations of stoichiometric titania by manufacturing fine scale fibres that exhibit a compositional gradient of oxygen vacancies across the fibre length. In such a fibre configuration the fibre end that is chemically reduced to a relatively small extent performs as the photoanode and the oxygen vacan- cies enhance the absorption of light. The fibre end that is reduced the most consists of Magn61i phases and exhibits metallic electrical conductivity that enhances the electron-hole separation. The structure and composition of the functionally graded fibres, which were manufactured through extrusion, pressureless sintering and carbo-thermal reduction, are studied using XRD and electron microscopy. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measure- ments were performed in a three-electrode electrochemical system and showed that the oxygen vacancies in the functionally graded fibres affect the fiat band potential and have increased carrier density. The efficiency of the system was evaluated with PEC measurements that shows higher efficiency for the functionally graded fibres com- pared to homogeneous TiO2 or Magn61i phase fibres. The functionally graded and fine scale fibres have the potential to be used as an array of active fibres for water splitting applications.

关键词： titania suboxides water splitting photocurrent

Promotion of structural plasticity in area V2 of visual cortex prevents against object recognition memory deficits in aging and Alzheimer's disease rodents

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第8期19卷 1835-1841页

作者： Irene Navarro-Lobato Mariam Masmudi-Martín Manuel f.López-Aranda Juan f.López-Téllez Gloria Delgado Pablo Granados-Durán Celia Gaona-Romero Marta Carretero-Rey Sinforiano Posadas María E.Quiros-Ortega Zafar U.Khan Laboratory of Neurobiology Centro de Investigaciones Médico Sanitarias(CIMES)University of MalagaMalagaSpain Department of Medicine Faculty of MedicineUniversity of MalagaMalagaSpain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas(CIBERNED) Institute of Health Carlos IIIMadridSpain the Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour Radboud UniversityNijmegenThe Netherlands the Brain Metastasis Group National Cancer Research Centre(CNIO)MadridSpain the Department of Neurobiology University of California-Los AngelesLos AngelesCAUSA

Memory deficit,which is often associated with aging and many psychiatric,neurological,and neurodegenerative diseases,has been a challenging issue for *** till now,all potential drug candidates have failed to produce satisfa ctory ***,in the search for a solution,we found that a treatment with the gene corresponding to the RGS14414protein in visual area V2,a brain area connected with brain circuits of the ventral stream and the medial temporal lobe,which is crucial for object recognition memory(ORM),can induce enhancement of *** this study,we demonstrated that the same treatment with RGS14414in visual area V2,which is relatively unaffected in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer s disease,produced longlasting enhancement of ORM in young animals and prevent ORM deficits in rodent models of aging and Alzheimer’s ***,we found that the prevention of memory deficits was mediated through the upregulation of neuronal arbo rization and spine density,as well as an increase in brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNf).A knockdown of BDNf gene in RGS14414-treated aging rats and Alzheimer s disease model mice caused complete loss in the upregulation of neuronal structural plasticity and in the prevention of ORM *** findings suggest that BDNf-mediated neuronal structural plasticity in area V2 is crucial in the prevention of memory deficits in RGS14414-treated rodent models of aging and Alzheimer’s ***,our findings of RGS14414gene-mediated activation of neuronal circuits in visual area V2 have therapeutic relevance in the treatment of memory deficits.

关键词： behavioral performance brain-derived neurotrophic factor cognitive dysfunction episodic memory memory circuit activation memory deficits memory enhancement object recognition memory prevention of memory loss regulator of G protein signaling