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Persistent hypertransaminasemia in asymptomatic children: A stepwise approach

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第18期19卷 2740-2751页

作者： Pietro Vajro Sergio Maddaluno claudio Veropalumbo Department of Medicine and Surgery Pediatrics University of Salerno 84081 Baronissi Italy European Laboratory for Food Induced Disease 84081 Baronissi Italy Department of Translational Medical Sciences Pediatrics Medical School of the University of Naples "Federico Ⅱ" 80131 Naples Italy

We aimed to examine the major causes of isolated chronic hypertransaminasemia in asymptomatic children and develop a comprehensive diagnostic flow diagram. A MEDLINE search inclusive of publications throughout August 2012 was performed. We found only a small number of publications that had comprehensively investigated this topic. Consequently, it was difficult to construct a diagnostic flowchart similar to those already available for adults. In children, a "retesting panel" prescription, including gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase and creatine kinase in addition to aminotransferases, is considered a reasonable approach for proficiently confirming the persistence of the abnormality, ruling out cholestatic hepatopathies and myopathies, and guiding the subsequent diagnostic steps. If re-evaluation of physical and historical findings suggests specific etiologies, then these should be evaluated in the initial enzyme retesting panel. A simple multistep diagnostic algorithm incorporating a large number of possible pediatric scenarios, in addition to the few common to adults, is available. Accurately classifying a child with asymptomatic persistent hypertransaminas-emia may be a difficult task, but the results are critical for preventing the progression of an underlying, possibly occult, condition later in childhood or during transition. Given the high benefit/cost ratio of preventing hepatic deterioration, no effort should be spared in diagnosing and properly treating each case of persistent hypertransaminasemia in pediatric patients.

关键词： Transaminase Aminotransferase Hyper-transaminasemia Liver disease Children

Role of monoclonal antibody drugs in the treatment of COVID-19

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2020年第19期8卷 4280-4285页

作者： claudio Ucciferri Jacopo Vecchiet Katia Falasca Clinic of Infectious Diseases Department of Medicine and Science of AgingUniversity“G.d'Annunzio”Chieti-PescaraChieti 66100Italy Department of Medicine and Health Sciences University of MoliseCampobasso 66100Italy

Currently clinicians all around the world are experiencing a pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2).The clinical presentation of this pathology includes fever,dry cough,fatigue and acute respiratory distress syndrome that can lead to death infected *** studies on coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)continue to highlight the urgent need for an effective *** therapeutic strategies have been used until now but,to date,there is no specific effective treatment for SARS-CoV-2 *** inflammatory cytokines have been reported in patients with *** suggests that elevated cytokine levels,reflecting a hyperinflammatory response secondary to SARS-CoV-2 infection,are responsible for multi-organ damage in patients with *** these reason,numerous randomized clinical trials are currently underway to explore the effectiveness of biopharmaceutical drugs,such as,interleukin-1 blockers,interleukin-6 inhibitors,Janus kinase inhibitors,in *** aim of the present paper is to briefly summarize the pathogenetic rationale and the state of the art of therapeutic strategy blocking hyperinflammation.

关键词： Tocilizumab Anakinra Canakinumab Ruxolitinib Clazakizumab Siltuximab Sarilumab Baricitinib Tofacitinib

An Adaptive hp-DG-FE Method for Elliptic Problems: Convergence and Optimality in the 1D Case

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Communications on Applied Mathematics and Computation 2019年第3期1卷 309-331页

作者： Paola Antonietti claudio Canuto Marco Verani MOX-Dipartimento di Matematica Politecnico di MilanoP.zza Leonardo Da Vinci 3220133 MilanItaly Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche Politecnico di TorinoCorso Duca degli Abruzzi 2410129 TurinItaly

We propose and analyze an hp-adaptive DG-FEM algorithm, termed hp-ADFEM, and its one-dimensional realization, which is convergent, instance optimal, and h- and p-robust. The procedure consists of iterating two routines:one hinges on Binev's algorithm for the adaptive hp-approximation of a given function, and finds a near-best hp-approximation of the current discrete solution and data to a desired accuracy;the other one improves the discrete solution to a finer but comparable accuracy, by iteratively applying D?rfler marking and h refinement.

关键词： Elliptic problem Discontinuous Galerkin method hp-adaptivity Convergence and optimality

Development of AI-and Cu-based nanocomposites reinforced by graphene nanoplatelets： Fabrication and characterization

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Frontiers of Materials Science 2017年第2期11卷 171-181页

作者： Abdollah SABOORI Matteo PAVESE claudio BADINI Paolo FINO Department of Applied Science and Technology Politecnico Di Torino Corso Duca Degli Abruzzi 24 10129 Torino Italy

Aluminum and copper matrix nanocomposites reinforced by graphene nanoplatelets （GNPs） were successfully fabricated by a wet mixing method followed by conventional powder metallurgy. The uniform dispersion of GNPs within the metal matrices showed that the wet mixing method has a great potential to be used as a mixing technique. However, by increasing the GNPs content, GNPs agglomeration was more visible. DSC and XRD of AI/GNPs nanocomposites showed that no new phase formed below the melting point of AI. Microstructural observations in both nanocomposites reveal the evident grain refinement effect as a consequence of GNPs addition. The interfacial bonding evaluation shows a poor interfacial bonding between GNPs and AI, while the interfacial bonding between Cu and GNPs is strong enough to improve the properties of the Cu/GNPs nanocomposites. In both composites, the coefficient of thermal expansion decreases as a function of GNPs while, their hardness is improved by increasing the GNPs content as well as their elastic modulus.

关键词： nanocomposite aluminum copper graphene microstructure thermal expansion

Phase-matching-free parametric oscillators based on two-dimensional semiconductors

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Light(Science & Applications) 2018年第1期7卷 992-1000页

作者： Alessandro Ciattoni Andrea Marini Carlo Rizza claudio Conti Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche(CNR-SPIN) Via Vetoio 1067100 L’AquilaItaly Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences University of L’AquilaVia Vetoio 1067100 L’AquilaItaly Institute for Complex Systems(ISC-CNR) Via dei Taurini 1900185 RomeItaly ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology08860 CastelldefelsBarcelonaSpain Department of Industrial and Information Engineering and Economics University of L’AquilaVia G.Gronchi 18I-67100 L’AquilaItaly Department of Physics University SapienzaPiazzale Aldo Moro 500185 RomeItaly

Optical parametric oscillators are widely used as pulsed and continuous-wave tunable sources for innumerable applications,such as quantum technologies,imaging,and biophysics.A key drawback is material dispersion,which imposes a phase-matching condition that generally entails a complex design and setup,thus hindering tunability and *** we show that the burden of phase-matching is surprisingly absent in parametric microresonators utilizing mono-layer transition-metal dichalcogenides as quadratic nonlinear *** the exact solution of nonlinear Maxwell equations and first-principle calculations of the semiconductor nonlinear response,we devise a novel kind of phase-matching-free miniaturized parametric oscillator operating at conventional pump *** find that different two-dimensional semiconductors yield degenerate and non-degenerate emission at various spectral regions due to doubly resonant mode excitation,which can be tuned by varying the incidence angle of the external pump *** addition,we show that high-frequency electrical modulation can be achieved by doping via electrical gating,which can be used to efficiently shift the threshold for parametric *** results pave the way for the realization of novel ultra-fast tunable micron-sized sources of entangled photons—a key device underpinning any quantum *** miniaturized optical parametric oscillators may also be employed in lab-on-chip technologies for biophysics,detection of environmental pollution and security.

关键词： parametric matching degenerate

On the fractional doubly parabolic Keller-Segel system modelling chemotaxis

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Science China Mathematics 2022年第9期65卷 1827-1874页

作者： Mario Bezerra claudio Cuevas Clessius Silva Herme Soto Department of Mathematics Federal University of PernambucoRecife 50540-740Brazil Department of Mathematics Rural Federal University of PernambucoRecife 52171-900Brazil Department of Mathematics and Statistics University of La FronteraTemucoCasilla 54-DChile

This work is concerned with the time-fractional doubly parabolic Keller-Segel system in R^(N)(N≥1),and we derive some refined results on the large time behavior of solutions which are presupposed to enjoy some uniform boundedness ***,the well-posedness and the asymptotic stability of solutions in Marcinkiewicz spaces are *** results are achieved by means of an appropriate estimation of the system nonlinearity in the course of an analysis based on Duhamel-type representation formulae and the Kato-Fujita framework which consists in constructing a fixed-point argument by using a suitable time-dependent space.

关键词： chemotaxis aggregation Keller-Segel model decay properties asymptotic profiles global solutions

Behavioral constraints and the evolution of faithful social learning

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Current Zoology 2012年第2期58卷 307-318页

作者： Alberto ACERBI Pierre O. JACQUET claudio TENNIE Center for the Study of Cultural Evolution University of Stockholm 106 91 Stockholm Sweden Department of Psychology University of Bologna Bologna Italy INSERM U1028 CNRS UMR5292 Lyon Neuroscience Research Center ImpAct Team Lyon France Department of Developmental and Comparative Psychology Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology Leipzig Germany

Behavioral ＂traditions＂, i.e. behavioral patterns that are acquired with the aid of social learning and that are relatively stable in a group, have been observed in several species. Recently, however, it has been questioned whether non-human social learning is faithful enough to stabilize those patterns. The observed stability could be interpreted as a result of various constraints that limit the number of possible alternative behaviors, rather than of the fidelity of transmission mechanisms. Those constraints can be roughly described as ＂internal＂, such as mechanical （bodily） properties or cognitive limitations and predispositions, and ＂ex- ternal＂, such as ecological availability or pressures. Here we present an evolutionary individual-based model that explores the re- lationships between the evolution of faithful social learning and behavioral constraints, represented both by the size of the beha- vioral repertoire and by the ＂shape＂ of the search space of a given task. We show that the evolution of high-fidelity transmission mechanisms, when associated with costs （e.g. cognitive, biomechanical, energetic, etc.）, is only likely if the potential behavioral repertoire of a species is large and if the search space does not provide information that can be exploited by individual learning. Moreover we show how stable behavioral patterns （＂traditions＂） can be achieved at the population level as an outcome of both high-fidelity and low-fidelity transmission mechanisms, given that the latter are coupled with a small behavioral repertoire or with a search space that provide substantial feedback. Finally, by introducing the possibility of environmental change, we show that intermediate rates of change favor the evolution of faithful social learning

关键词： Animal social learning Cultural evolution Cultural transmission Copying fidelity Individual based modeling

European digital archive on soil maps (EuDASM): preserving important soil data for public free access

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2011年第5期4卷 434-443页

作者： Panos Panagos Arwyn Jones claudio Bosco PSSenthil Kumar Joint Research Centre of the European Commission Institute for Environment and SustainabilityIspra(VA)Italy Department of Soil Science&Agricultural Chemistry Faculty of AgricultureAnnamalai UniversityTamil NaduIndia

Historical soil survey paper maps are valuable resources that underpin strategies to support soil protection and promote sustainable land use practices,especially in developing countries where digital soil information is often ***,many of the soil maps,in particular those for developing countries,are held in traditional archives that are not easily accessible to potential ***,many of these documents are over 50 years old and are beginning to *** the need to conserve this information,the Joint Research Centre(JRC)and the ISRIC-World Soil Information foundation have created the European Digital Archive of Soil Maps(EuDASM),through which all archived paper maps of ISRIC has been made accessible to the public through the *** immediate objective is to transfer paper-based soil maps into a digital format with the maximum possible resolution and to ensure their preservation and easy *** than 6,000 maps from 135 countries have been captured and are freely available to users through a user-friendly web-based *** feedback has been very positive,especially from users in Africa,South America and Asia to whom archived soil maps were made available to local users,often for the first ***:http://***/library/maps/country_maps/list_***.

关键词： soil maps digital archive electronic restoration digital earth online catalogue

Oxygen-vacancy induced magnetic phase transitions in multiferroic thin films

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npj Computational Materials 2020年第1期6卷 1047-1055页

作者： César Menéndez Dewei Chu claudio Cazorla School of Materials Science and Engineering UNSW SydneySydneyNSW 2052Australia

Multiferroics in which giant ferroelectric polarization and magnetism coexist are of tremendous potential for engineering disruptive applications in information storage and energy *** the functional properties of multiferroics are thought to be affected detrimentally by the presence of point defects,which may be abundant due to the volatile nature of some constituent atoms and the high temperatures involved in the synthesis of ***,we demonstrate with theoretical methods that oxygen vacancies may enhance the functionality of multiferroics by radically changing their magnetic interactions in thin ***,oxygen vacancies may restore missing magnetic super-exchange interactions in large axial ratio phases,leading to full antiferromagnetic spin ordering,and induce the stabilization of ferrimagnetic states with considerable net *** theoretical study should help to clarify the origins of long-standing controversies in bismuth ferrite and improve the design of technological applications based on multiferroics.

关键词： magnetic Oxygen transitions