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Compromised nutritional status in patients with end-stage liver disease:Role of gut microbiota

Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2018年第4期17卷 290-300页

作者： Maria Vasco Rossella Paolillo Concetta Schiano Linda Sommese Oreste Cuomo claudio Napoli U.O.C.Division of Clinical Immunology ImmunohematologyTransfusion Medicine and Transplant ImmunologyRegional Reference Laboratory of Transplant ImmunologyDepartment of Internal and Specialty MedicineAzienda Ospedaliera UniversitariaUniversitàdegli Studi della Campania“Luigi Vanvitelli”Naples 80138Italy IRCCS SDN NaplesItaly Department of Experimental Medicine Universitàdegli Studi della Campania“Luigi Vanvitelli”Naples 80138Italy Department of Liver Transplant AORN A.CardarelliNaplesItaly Department of Medical SurgicalNeurologicalMetabolic and Geriatric SciencesUniversitàdegli Studi della Campania“Luigi Vanvitelli”NaplesItaly

Background: Patients with end-stage liver disease(ESLD) have a compromised nutritional status because of the liver crucial role in regulating metabolic homeostasis and energy *** sources: A systematic review of literature based on extensive relevant articles published from 2001 to 2017 in English in Pub Med database was performed by searching keywords such as liver disease, nonalcoholic liver disease, alcoholic liver disease, malnutrition, epigenetics, gut microbiota, and ***: Liver transplantation would be one eligible therapy for ESLD patients, even if, the clinical outcome is negatively influenced by malnutrition and/or infections. The malnutrition is a condition of nutrient imbalance with a high incidence in ESLD patients. An accurate evaluation of nutritional status could be fundamental for reducing complications and prolonging the survival of ESLD patients including those undergoing liver transplantation. In addition, the interaction among nutrients, diet and genes via epigenetics has emerged as a potential target to reduce the morbidity and mortality in ESLD patients. The malnutrition induces changes in gut microbiota causing dysbiosis with a probable translocation of bacteria and/or pathogen-derived factors from the intestine to the liver. Gut microbiota contribute to the progression of chronic liver diseases as well as hepatocellular carcinoma. The administration of probiotics modulating gut microbiota could improve all chronic liver ***: This review provides an update on malnutrition status linked to epigenetics and the potential benefit of some probiotics on the management of ESLD patients. In support of this view and to reveal the constant and growing interest in this field, some clinical trials are reported.

关键词： Liver diseases Liver transplantation Epigenetics Malnutrition Probiotics

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The Second Edition of the Integrative Levels Classification: Evolution of a KOS

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Journal of Data and Information Science 2020年第1期5卷 39-50页

作者： Ziyoung Park claudio Gnoli Daniele P.Morelli Department of Library&Information Science Hansung UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea Science and Technology Library University of PaviaPavia27100Italy Kaboom Torino 10138Italy

Purpose:This paper informs about the publication of the second edition of the Integrative Levels Classification(ILC2),a freely-faceted knowledge organization system(KOS),and reviews the main changes that have been introduced as compared to its first edition(ILC1).Design/methodology/approach:The most relevant changes are illustrated,with special reference to those of interest to general classification theory,by means of examples of notation for individual classes and combinations of ***:Changes introduced in ILC2 include:the names and order of some main classes;the development of subclasses for various phenomena,especially quantities and algebraic structures;the order of facet categories and the new category of Disorder;notation for special facets;distinction of the semantical function of facets(attributes)from their syntactic *** system can be freely accessed online through a PHP browser as well as in SKOS *** limitations:Only a selection of changed classes is discussed for space *** implications:ILC1 has been previously applied to the BARTOC directory of *** of BARTOC data to ILC2 and application of ILC2 to further information systems are *** methods for reclassifying BARTOC with ILC2 are ***:ILC is a newly developed classification system,based on phenomena instead of traditional disciplines and featuring various innovative *** paper is an original account of its most recent evolution.

关键词： Freely faceted classification Fundamental categories Knowledge organization system Phenomenon-based classification

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Translational approaches: From fatty liver to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第27期20卷 9038-9049页

作者： Natalia Rosso Norberto C Chavez-Tapia claudio Tiribelli Stefano Bellentani Fondazione Italiana Fegato 34149 Trieste Italy Obesity and Digestive Diseases Unit Médica Sur Clinic and FoundationMexico 14050 México Department of Medical Sciences University of Trieste Department of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Azienda USL di ModenaOspedale "Ramazzini" 41012 Carpi (Modena) Italy

Over the past few decades, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) has become one, if not the most common,cause of chronic liver disease affecting both adults and children. The increasing number of cases at an early age is the most worrying aspect of this pathology, since it provides more time for its evolution. The spectrum of this disease ranges from liver steatosis to steatohepatitis, fibrosis and in some cases, hepatocellular carcinoma. NAFLD may not always be considered a benign disease and hepatologists must be cautious in the presence of fatty liver. This should prompt the use of the available experimental models to understand better the pathogenesis and to develop a rational treatment of a disease that is dangerously increasing. In spite of the growing efforts, the pathogenesis of NAFLD is still poorly understood. In the present article we review the most relevant hypotheses and evidence that account for the progression of NAFLD to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH) and fibrosis. The available in vitro and in vivo experimental models of NASH are discussed and revised in terms of their validity in translational studies. These studies must be aimed at the discovery of the still unknown triggers or mediators that induce the progression of hepatic inflammation, apoptosis and fibrosis.

关键词： Fatty Liver Obesity Metabolic syndrome Inflammation In vitro Experimental model

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Immune response to vaccines in children with celiac disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第18期23卷 3205-3213页

作者： Caterina Anania Francesca Olivero Alessandra Spagnolo claudio Chiesa Lucia Pacifico Policlinico Umberto I Sapienza University of Rome Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases Sapienza University of Rome Institute of Translational Pharmacology National Research Council

Celiac disease(CD) is an immune-mediated systemic condition evoked by ingestion of gluten and related prolamines in genetically susceptible subjects. The disease is featured by a variable combination of clinical signs, specific antibodies, HLA-DQ2 and HLA-DQ8 haplotypes, and enteropathy. Vaccination is the most potent intervention for infectious disease prevention. Several factors including age, gender, ethnicity, quality and quantity of vaccine antigen, doses, and route of administration can influence immune response to vaccination, although the main cause of variation in the responsiveness among vaccine recipients is host genetic variability. The HLA system has a fundamental role in identifying the antigens introduced into the host with the vaccines and in the development of specific antibodies, and some HLA phenotypes have been associated with a less effective immunological response. The available literature indicates that the immunological response to vaccines in CD children does not differ markedly from that of general population and antibody titres are high enough to provide long-term protection, except for hepatitis B virus vaccine. In this article, we review and discuss the scarce literature in this field in order to provide clinical practice guidelines to achieve the most efficient monitoring of the response to vaccines in pediatric CD patients.

关键词： Celiac disease Children Infection Vaccines Hepatitis B vaccine HLA Gluten free diet

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Th17 involvement in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease progression to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第41期22卷 9096-9103页

作者： Carla Melisa Chackelevicius Sabrina Eliana Gambaro claudio Tiribelli Natalia Rosso Italian Liver Foundation Area Science Park

The nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) is the hepatic manifestation of the metabolic syndrome. NAFLD encompasses a wide histological spectrum ranging from benign simple steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH). Sustained inflammation in the liver is critical in this process. Hepatic macrophages, including liver resident macropaghes(Kupffer cells), monocytes infiltrating the injured liver, as well as specific lymphocytes subsets play a pivotal role in the initiation and perpetuation of the inflammatory response, with a major deleterious impact on the progression of fatty liver to fibrosis. During the last years, Th17 cells have been involved in the development of inflammation not only in liver but also in other organs, such as adipose tissue or lung. Differentiation of a na?ve T cell into a Th17 cell leads to pro-inflammatory cytokine and chemokine production with subsequent myeloid cell recruitment to the inflamed tissue. Th17 response can be mitigated by T regulatory cells that secrete anti-inflammatory cytokines. Both T cell subsets need TGF-β for their differentiation and a characteristic plasticity in their phenotype may render them new therapeutic targets. In this review, we discuss the role of the Th17 pathway in NAFLD progression to NASH and to liver fibrosis analyzing different animal models of liver injury and human studies.

关键词： Th17 Interleukin-17 Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis Inflammation

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Partially hydrolyzed guar gum in pediatric functional abdominal pain

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第2期19卷 235-240页

作者： claudio Romano Donatella Comito Annalisa Famiani Sabrina Calamarà Italia Loddo Pediatric Department University of MessinaMessina 98100Italy

AIM:To assess the effects of partially hydrolyzed guar gum(PHGG) diet supplement in pediatric chronic abdominal pain(CAP) and irritable bowel syndrome(IBS).METHODS:A randomized,double-blind pilot study was performed in sixty children(8-16 years) with functional bowel disorders,such as CAP or IBS,diagnosed according to Rome Ⅲ *** patients underwent ultrasound,blood and stool examinations to rule out any organic *** were allocated to receive PHGG at dosage of 5 g/d(n = 30) or placebo(fruitjuice n = 30) for 4 *** evaluation of the efficacy of fiber supplement included IBS symptom severity score(Birmingham IBS Questionnaire),severity of abdominal pain(Wong-Baker Face Pain Rating Score) and bowel habit(Bristol Stool Scale).Symptom scores were completed at 2,4,and 8 *** change from baseline in the symptom severity scale at the end of treatment and at 4 wk follow-up after treatment was the primary *** secondary endpoint was to evaluate compliance to supplementation with the PHGG in the pediatric *** within groups during the treatment period and follow-up were evaluated by the Wilcoxon signed-rank ***:The results of the study were assessed considering some variables,such as frequency and intensity of symptoms with modifications of the bowel *** groups were balanced for baseline characteristics and all patients completed the *** A(PHGG group) presented a higher level of efficacy compared to group B(control group),(43% vs 5%,P = 0.025) in reducing clinical symptoms with modification of Birmingham IBS score(median 0 ± 1 vs 4 ± 1,P = 0.025),in intensity of CAP assessed with the Wong-Baker Face Pain Rating Score and in normalization of bowel habit evaluated with the Bristol Stool Scale(40% vs 13.3%,P = 0.025).In IBS subgroups,statistical analysis shown a tendency toward normalization of bowel movements,but there was no difference in the prevalence of improvement in two bowel habit *** was th

关键词： Functional bowel disorders Partially hydrolyzed guar gum Pediatric chronic abdominal pain Fiber diet

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Nutraceutical profile of goji(Lycium barbarum L.)berries in relation to environmental conditions and harvesting period

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Food Bioscience 2022年第5期49卷 960-969页

作者： Letizia Poggioni Marco Romi Massimo Guarnieri Giampiero Cai claudio Cantini Department of Life Sciences University of Siena53100SienaItaly National Research Council of Italy Institute for BioEconomy(CNR-IBE)58022FollonicaItaly

Goji(Lycium barbarum L.)berries are well known for their biological activities and health-promoting antioxidant *** and climatic factors can greatly affect accumulation of secondary metabolites,carotenoids and other antioxidants in *** determined the content and composition of main functional constituents of goji berries produced in central Italy in relation to the time of harvesting during two ripening seasons by analyzing the main environmental variables *** highest flavonoids content(0,19±0,006 mg QE/g)and antioxidant power(0,03±0,001 mmol Fe^(2+)eq/g)were found at the beginning of the fruiting *** September,berries show the highest total polyphenols(3,22±0,09 mg GAE/g)and zeaxanthin contents(339,79±14,12μg/g).Our study focused on some important aspects related to the production of goji fruits with high nutraceutical characteristics in a non-experimental *** results could provide reliable information on Goji performance in the European climate to be used for the exploitation of the species suggesting the best harvesting timing in terms of antioxidant power and nutraceutical features of *** information could be particularly useful for farmers eager to improve the quality of their products.

关键词： Goji Polyphenols Antioxidants Carotenoids Nutraceuticals Harvest year Harvest time

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Petrology and geochemistry of mafic and ultramafic cumulate rocks from the eastern part of the Sabzevar ophiolite(NE Iran): Implications for their petrogenesis and tectonic setting

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Geoscience Frontiers 2020年第6期11卷 2347-2364页

作者： Fatemeh Rahmani Mohamad Ali Mackizadeh Moussa Noghreyan claudio Marchesi Carlos J.Garrido Department of Geology Faculty of SciencesUniversity of IsfahanP.O.Box:81746-73441IsfahanIran Instituto Andaluz de Ciencias de La Tierra(IACT) CSIC-Universidad de GranadaAvenida de Las Palmeras 418100ArmillaGranadaSpain Departamento de Mineralogía y Petrología Facultad de CienciasUniversidad de GranadaAvenida Fuentenueva s/n18002GranadaSpain

The Late Cretaceous Sabzevar ophiolite represents one of the largest and most complete fragments of Tethyan oceanic lithosphere in the NE *** is mainly composed of serpentinized mantle peridotites slices;nonetheless,minor tectonic slices of all crustal sequence constituents are observed in this *** crustal sequence contains a well-developed ultramafic and mafic cumulates section,comprising plagioclase-bearing wehrlite,olivine clinopyroxenite,olivine gabbronorite,gabbronorite,amphibole gabbronorite and quartz gabbronorite with adcumulate,mesocumulate,heteradcumulate and orthocumulate *** crystallization order for these rocks is olivine±chromian spinel→clinopyroxene→plagioclase→orthopyroxene→*** presence of primary magmatic amphiboles in the cumulate rocks shows that the parent magma evolved under hydrous ***,the studied rock units are characterized by low TiO2(0.18-0.57 wt.%),P2 O5(<0.05 wt.%),K2 O(0.01-0.51 wt.%)and total alkali contents(0.12-3.04 wt.%).They indicate fractionated trends in the chondrite-normalized rare earth element(REE)plots and multi-element diagrams(spider diagrams).The general trend of the spider diagrams exhibit slight enrichment in large ion lithophile elements(LILEs)relative to high field strength elements(HFSEs)and positive anomalies in Sr,Pb and Eu and negative anomalies in Zr and Nb relative to the adjacent *** REE plots of these rocks display increasing trend from La to Sm,positive Eu anomaly(Eu/Eu*=1.06-1.54)and an almost flat pattern from medium REE(MREE)to heavy REE(HREE)region[(Gd/Yb)N=1-1.17].Moreover,clinopyroxenes from the cumulate rocks have low REE contents and show marked depletion in light REE(LREE)compared to MREE and HREE[(La/Sm)N=0.10-0.27 and(La/Yb)N=0.08-0.22].The composition of calculated melts in equilibrium with the clinopyroxenes from less evolved cumulate samples are closely similar to island arc tholeiitic(IAT)*** mineralogy,geochemical features

关键词： Petrology Geochemistry Cumulate rocks Sabzevar ophiolite Supra-subduction zone Iran

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Convenient model of hard tissue simulation for dental radiographic research and instruction

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World Journal of Methodology 2024年第1期14卷 80-86页

作者： Etiene Andrade Munhoz claudio Roberto Gaiao Xavier Roberto Ponce Salles Ana Lúcia Alvares Capelozza augusto Vanni Bodanezi Department of Dentistry Health Science CentreFederal University of Santa CatarinaFlorianopolis 88040-379Brazil Department of Stomatology Radiology and Oral SurgerySchool of DentistryUniversity of São PauloBauru 17012-901Brazil

BACKGROUND The authors describe a technique for building an alternative jawbone phantom using dental gypsum and rice for research and dental radiology *** To investigate the potential of an alternative phantom to simulate the trabecular bone aspect of the human maxilla in periapical *** Half-maxillary phantoms built from gypsum-ground rice were exposed to X-rays,and the resulting images(experimental group)were compared to standardized radiographic images produced from dry human maxillary bone(control group)(n=7).The images were blindly assessed according to strict criteria by three examiners for the usual trabecular aspects of the surrounding bone,and significant differences between groups and in assessment reliability were compared using Fisher’s exact and kappa tests(α=0.05).RESULTS The differences in the trabecular aspects between groups were not statistically *** addition,interobserver agreement among observers was 0.43 and 0.51 for the control and experimental groups,respectively,whereas intraobserver agreement was 0.71 and 0.73,*** The tested phantom seemed to demonstrate potential for trabecular bone image Munhoz EA et *** of hard tissue simulation for dental radiography WJM https://*** 2 March 20,2024 Volume 14 Issue 1 simulation on maxillary periapical radiographs.

关键词： Phantom Radiology Education Endodontic treatment Bone trabecular

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MACHINE LEARING FOR MOBILE EDGE COMPUTING

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China Communications 2021年第11期18卷 I0003-I0005页

作者： Shangguang Wang Qiang Duan Kok-Seng Wong claudio A.Ardagna the School of Computer Science and Engineering Beijing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsChina Information Sciences and Technology at the Pennsylvania State University Abington College the College of Engineering and Computer Science VinUniversity the Data Science Research Center at Universitàdegli Studi di Milano

In recent years,mobile edge computing has attracted a considerable amount of attention from both academia and industry through its many advantages(such as low latency,computation efficiency and privacy)caused by its l... 详细信息

关键词： EDGE mobile computation

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