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Gut microbiota in a population highly affected by obesity and type 2 diabetes and susceptibility to COVID-19

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第41期27卷 7065-7079页

作者： Jaime García-Mena Karina Corona-Cervantes Daniel Cuervo-Zanatta Tizziani Benitez-Guerrero JuanManuel Vélez-Ixta Norma Gabriela Zavala-Torres Loan Edel Villalobos-Flores Fernando Hernández-Quiroz claudia perez-cruz Selvasankar Murugesan Fernando Guadalupe Bastida-González Paola Berenice Zárate-Segura Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico NacionalMexico City 07360CDMXMexico Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular and Departamento de Farmacología Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico NacionalMexico City 07360CDMXMexico Departamento de Farmacología Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico NacionalMexico City 07360CDMXMexico Department of Mother and Child Health SIDRA MedicineDoha 26999Qatar Laboratorio Estatal de Salud Pública del Estado de México ISEMToluca de Lerdo 50180Estado de MéxicoMexico Escuela Superior de Medicina Instituto Politécnico NacionalMexico City 11340CDMXMexico

Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is a disease produced by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)and it is currently causing a catastrophic pandemic affecting humans *** disease has been lethal for approximately 3.12 million people around the world since January ***,among the most affected countries,Mexico ranks third in deaths after the United States of America and *** the high number of deceased people might also be explained by social aspects and lifestyle customs in Mexico,there is a relationship between this high proportion of deaths and comorbidities such as high blood pressure(HBP),type 2 diabetes,obesity,and metabolic *** official epidemiological figures reported by the Mexican government have indicated that 18.4%of the population suffers from HBP,close to 10.3%of adults suffer from type 2 diabetes,and approximately 36.1%of the population suffers from *** in the gut microbiota(GM)have been associated with these diseases and with COVID-19 severity,presumably due to inflammatory *** data about the association between GM dysbiosis and metabolic diseases could suggest that the high levels of susceptibility to SARSCoV-2 infection and COVID-19 morbidity in the Mexican population are primarily due to the prevalence of type 2 diabetes,obesity,and metabolic syndrome.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 High blood pressure Hypertension Type 2 diabetes Obesity Metabolic syndrome Gut microbiota Immunity

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Study of tree shrew biology and models: A booming and prosperous field for biomedical research

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Zoological Research 2024年第4期45卷 877-909页

作者： Yong-Gang Yao Li Lu Rong-Jun Ni Rui Bi Ceshi Chen Jia-Qi Chen Eberhard Fuchs Marina Gorbatyuk Hao Lei Hongli Li Chunyu Liu Long-Bao Lv Kyoko Tsukiyama-Kohara Michinori Kohara claudia perez-cruz Gregor Rainer Bao-Ci Shan Fang Shen An-Zhou Tang Jing Wang Wei Xia Xueshan Xia Ling Xu Dandan Yu Feng Zhang Ping Zheng Yong-Tang Zheng Jumin Zhou Jiang-Ning Zhou Key Laboratory of Genetic Evolution and Animal Models Yunnan Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease MechanismsKunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650204China National Research Facility for Phenotypic&Genetic Analysis of Model Animals(Primate Facility) and National Resource Center for Non-Human PrimatesKunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650107China KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases Kunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650204China Kunming College of Life Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650204China Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan 610041China Sichuan Clinical Medical Research Center for Mental Disorders ChengduSichuan 610044China German Primate Center Leibniz Institute of Primate ResearchGöttingen 37077Germany Department of Optometry and Vision Science School of OptometryUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAL 35294USA State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesWuhanHubei 430071China Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei 430074China Soong Ching Ling Institute of Maternity and Child Health International Peace Maternity and Child Health HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200030China Transboundary Animal Diseases Center Joint Faculty of Veterinary MedicineKagoshima UniversityKagoshima-cityKagoshima 890-8580Japan Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical ScienceTokyo 156-8506Japan Pharmacology Department CinvestavMexico City 07360Mexico Department of Medicine University of FribourgFribourg CH-1700Switzerland Beijing Engineering Research Center of Radiog

The tree shrew(Tupaia belangeri)has long been proposed as a suitable alternative to non-human primates(NHPs)in biomedical and laboratory research due to its close evolutionary relationship with *** recent years,significant advances have facilitated tree shrew studies,including the determination of the tree shrew genome,genetic manipulation using spermatogonial stem cells,viral vector-mediated gene delivery,and mapping of the tree shrew brain ***,the limited availability of tree shrews globally remains a substantial challenge in the ***,determining the key questions best answered using tree shrews constitutes another *** shrew models have historically been used to study hepatitis B virus(HBV)and hepatitis C virus(HCV)infection,myopia,and psychosocial stress-induced depression,with more recent studies focusing on developing animal models for infectious and neurodegenerative *** these efforts,the impact of tree shrew models has not yet matched that of rodent or NHP models in biomedical *** review summarizes the prominent advancements in tree shrew research and reflects on the key biological questions addressed using this *** emphasize that intensive dedication and robust international collaboration are essential for achieving breakthroughs in tree shrew *** use of tree shrews as a unique resource is expected to gain considerable attention with the application of advanced techniques and the development of viable animal models,meeting the increasing demands of life science and biomedical research.

关键词： Tree shrew Animal model Neurodegenerative diseases Infectious diseases Neuroscience Phenome

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Olfactory receptors in neural regeneration in the central nervous system

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2480-2494页

作者： Rafael Franco claudia Garrigós Toni Capó Joan Serrano-Marín Rafael Rivas-Santisteban Jaume Lillo Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiomedicineFacultat de BiologiaUniversitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain CiberNed Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases Spanish National Health Institute Carlos ⅢMadridSpain School of Chemistry Universitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain Department of Biochemistry and Physiology School of Pharmacy and Food SciencesUniversitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain Laboratory of Computational Medicine Biostatistics UnitFaculty of MedicineAutonomous University of BarcelonaCampus BellaterraBarcelonaSpain

Olfactory receptors are crucial for detecting odors and play a vital role in our sense of smell,influencing behaviors from food choices to emotional *** receptors also contribute to our perception of flavor and have potential applications in medical diagnostics and environmental *** ability of the olfactory system to regenerate its sensory neurons provides a unique model to study neural regeneration,a phenomenon largely absent in the central nervous *** gained from how olfactory neurons continuously replace themselves and reestablish functional connections can provide strategies to promote similar regenerative processes in the central nervous system,where damage often results in permanent *** the molecular and cellular mechanisms underpinning olfactory neuron regeneration could pave the way for developing therapeutic approaches to treat spinal co rd injuries and neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's *** ctory receptors are found in almost any cell of eve ry orga n/tissue of the mammalian *** ectopic expression provides insights into the chemical structures that can activate olfactory *** addition to odors,olfactory receptors in ectopic expression may respond to endogenous compounds and molecules produced by mucosal colonizing *** analysis of the function of olfactory receptors in ectopic expression provides valuable information on the signaling pathway engaged upon receptor activation and the receptor's role in proliferation and cell differentiation *** review explo res the ectopic expression of olfa ctory receptors and the role they may play in neural regeneration within the central nervous system,with particular attention to compounds that can activate these receptors to initiate regenerative *** suggests that olfactory receptors could serve as potential therapeutic targets for enhancing neural repair and recovery following central nervous syste

关键词： adenosine receptors adrenergic receptors ectopic expression G proteincoupled receptors glia neurons

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Design and Implementation of a Rehabilitation Upper-limb Exoskeleton Robot Controlled by Cognitive and Physical Interfaces

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2022年第5期19卷 1374-1391页

作者： Arturo Gonzalez‑Mendoza Ivett Quinones‑Uriostegui Sergio Salazar‑cruz Alberto‑Isaac perez‑Sanpablo Ricardo Lopez‑Gutierrez Rogelio Lozano LAFMIA UMI Center for Research and AdvancedStudies of National Polytechnic InstituteAv.Instituto Politecnico Nacional No.250807360 Mexico CityMexico Motion Analysis Lab National Institute of Rehabilitation Luis Guillermo Ibarra IbarraCalz.Mexico Xochimilco No.28914389 Mexico CityMexico CONACYT-CINVESTAV Av.Instituto Politecnico Nacional 250807360 Mexico CityMexico UTC-CNRS UMR Sorbonne UniversitesUTC-CNRS UMR7253 HeudiasycCompiegneFrance

This paper presents an upper limb exoskeleton that allows cognitive(through electromyography signals)and physical user interaction(through load cells sensors)for passive and active exercises that can activate neuroplasticity in the rehabilitation process of people who suffer from a neurological *** the exoskeleton to be easily accepted by patients who suffer from a neurological injury,we used the ISO9241-210:2010 as a methodology design *** the first steps of the design process,design requirements were collected from previous usability tests and ***,as a second step,a technological solution is proposed,and as a third step,the system was evaluated through performance and user *** part of the technological solution and to allow patient participation during the rehabilitation process,we have proposed a hybrid admittance control whose input is load cell or electromyography *** hybrid admittance control is intended for active therapy exercises,is easily implemented,and does not need musculoskeletal modeling to ***,electromyography signals classification models and features were evaluated to identify the best settings for the cognitive human–robot interaction.

关键词： Human Robot interaction Hybrid admittance control Surface electromyography Upper-limb exoskeletal robot

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Crystal structure evolution of complex metal aluminum hydrides upon hydrogen release

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2020年第3期29卷 133-143页

作者： claudia Weidenthaler Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung 45470 Mülheim an der RuhrGermany

Complex aluminum hydrides have been widely studied as potential hydrogen storage materials but also,for some time now, for electrochemical applications. This review summarizes the crystal structures of alkali and alkaline earth aluminum hydrides and correlates structure properties with physical and chemical properties of the hydride compounds. The crystal structures of the alkali metal aluminum hydrides change significantly during the stepwise dehydrogenation. The general pathway follows a transformation of structures built of isolated [AlH4]- tetrahedra to structures built of isolated [Al H6]3- *** crystal structure relations in the group of alkaline earth metal aluminum hydrides are much more complicated than those of the alkali metal aluminum hydrides. The structures of the alkaline earth metal aluminum hydrides consist of isolated tetrahedra but the intermediate structures exhibit chains of cornershared octahedra. The coordination numbers within the alkali metal group increase with cation sizes which goes along with an increase of the decomposition temperatures of the primary hydrides. Alkaline earth metal hydrides have higher coordination numbers but decompose at slightly lower temperatures than their alkali metal counterparts. The decomposition pathways of alkaline metal aluminum hydrides have not been studied in all cases and require future research.

关键词： Complex aluminum hydrides Hydrogen storage Crystal structure

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HOMOGENIZATION RESULTS FOR ENZYME CATALYZED REACTIONS THROUGH POROUS MEDIA

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 2009年第1期29卷 74-82页

作者： claudia Timofte Department of Mathematics Faculty of Physics University of BucharestP.O. Box MG-11

The aim of this article is to study the effective behavior of the solution of a nonlinear problem arising in the modelling of enzyme catalyzed reactions through the exterior of a domain containing periodically distributed reactive solid obstacles,with period ε.The asymptotic behavior of the solution of such a problem is governed by a new elliptic boundary-value problem,with an extra zero-order term that captures the effect of the enzymatic reactions.

关键词： Homogenization enzyme reactive flows Michaelis-Menten mechanism

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Adult mammalian neurogenesis and motivated behaviors

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Integrative Zoology 2018年第6期13卷 655-672页

作者： claudia JORGENSEN Behavioral Science Department Utah Valley UniversityOremUtahUSA

Adult neurogenesis continues to captivate the curiosity of the scientific community;and researchers seem to have a particular interest in identifying the functional implications of such *** the majority of research focuses on the association between adult neurogenesis and learning and memory(including spatial learning associated with hippocampal neurogenesis and olfactory discrimination associated with neurogenesis in the olfactory system),the following review will explore the link to motivated *** particular,goal-directed behaviors such as sociosexual,parental,aggressive,as well as depression-and anxiety-like behaviors and their reciprocal association to adult neurogenesis will be *** review will detail research in humans and other mammalian ***,the potential mechanisms underlying these neurogenic alterations will be ***,the review will conclude with a discussion on the functional significance of these newly generated cells in mediating goal-directed behaviors.

关键词： adult neurogenesis aggression anxiety depression reproduction

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Interactions of primary neuroepithelial progenitor and brain endothelial cells: distinct effect on neural progenitor maintenance and differentiation by soluble factors and direct contact

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Cell Research 2007年第7期17卷 619-626页

作者： Miguel A Gama Sosa Rita De Gasperi Anne B Rocher Gissel M perez Keila Simons Daniel E cruz Patrick R Hof Gregory A Elder Departments of Psychiatry Research and Development Service James J. Peters Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center 130 West Kingsbridge Road Bronx New York 10468 USA Neuroscience Mount Sinai School of Medicine of New York University New York NY Department of Research and Development Service James J. Peters Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center 130 West Kingsbridge Road Bronx New York 10468 USA

Neurovascular interactions are crucial for the normal development of the central nervous system. To study suchinteractions in primary cultures, we developed a procedure to simultaneously isolate neural progenitor and endothelialcell fractions from embryonic mouse brains. Depending on the culture conditions endothelial cells were found to favormaintenance of the neuroprogenitor phenotype through the production of soluble factors, or to promote neuronal differ-entiation of neural progenitors through direct contact. These apparently opposing effects could reflect differential cellularinteractions needed for the proper development of the brain.

关键词： differentiation culture endothelial cells neuroepithelial cells

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Improving Scalability of Cloud Monitoring Through PCA-Based Clustering of Virtual Machines

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2014年第1期29卷 38-52页

作者： claudia Canali Riccardo Lancellotti IEEE Department of Information Engineering University of Modena and Reggio Emilia ACM

Cloud computing has recently emerged as a leading paradigm to allow customers to run their applications in virtualized large-scale data centers. Existing solutions for monitoring and management of these infrastructures consider virtual machines （VMs） as independent entities with their own characteristics. However, these approaches suffer from scalability issues due to the increasing number of VMs in modern cloud data centers. We claim that scalability issues can bc addressed by leveraging the similarity among VMs behavior in terms of resource usage patterns. In this paper we propose an automated methodology to cluster VMs starting from the usage of multiple resources, assuming no knowledge of the services executed on them. The innovative contribution of the proposed methodology is the use of the statistical technique known as principal component analysis （PCA） to automatically select the most relevant information to cluster similar VMs. We apply the methodology to two case studies, a virtualized testbed and a real enterprise data center. In both case studies, the automatic data selection based on PCA allows us to achieve high performance, with a percentage of correctly clustered VMs between 80% and 100% even for short time series （1 day） of monitored data. Furthermore, we estimate the potential reduction in the amount of collected data to demonstrate how our proposal may address the scalability issues related to monitoring and management in cloud computing data centers.

关键词： cloud computing resource monitoring principal component analysis k-means clustering

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Tuning two-dimensional electron and hole gases at LaInO_(3)/BaSnO_(3) interfaces by polar distortions,termination,and thickness

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npj Computational Materials 2021年第1期7卷 1584-1591页

作者： Wahib Aggoune claudia Draxl Institut für Physik and IRIS Adlershof Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin12489 BerlinGermany

Two-dimensional electron gases(2DEG),arising due to quantum confinement at interfaces between transparent conducting oxides,have received tremendous attention in view of electronic ***,we explore the potential of interfaces formed by two lattice-matched wide-gap oxides of emerging interest,i.e.,the polar,orthorhombic perovskite LaInO_(3)and the nonpolar,cubic perovskite BaSnO_(3),employing first-principles *** find that the polar discontinuity at the interface is mainly compensated by electronic relaxation through charge transfer from the LaInO_(3)to the BaSnO_(3)*** leads to the formation of a 2DEG hosted by the highly dispersive Sn-s-derived conduction band and a 2D hole gas of O-p character,strongly localized inside LaInO_(3).We rationalize how polar distortions,termination,thickness,and dimensionality of the system(periodic or non-periodic)can be exploited in view of tailoring the 2DEG characteristics,and why this material is superior to the most studied prototype LaAlO_(3)/SrTiO_(3).

关键词： termination gases distortion

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