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Neural Regeneration Research 2015年第9期10卷 1376-1378页

作者： clarissa s.schitine Fernando G.de Mello Ricardo A.M.Reis Laboratório de Neuroquímica Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Laboratório de Neuroanatomia Celular Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro

The retina is a multilayered tissue that develops following a central-to-peripheral gradient. Its structure derives from multipotent precursors, as shown through clonal analysis of retinal cell lineage. These progenitors generate diverse cell types, controlled by complex influences of intrinsic and extrinsic factors （Hatakevama and Kagevama, 2004）.

关键词： GAT Neurochemical plasticity of M ller cells after retinal injury overexpression of GAT-3 may potentiate excitotoxicity RGCs

Metabolic cost of level,uphill,and downhill running in highly cushioned shoes with carbon-fiber plates

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Journal of sport and Health science 2022年第3期11卷 303-308页

作者： clarissa s.Whiting Wouter Hoogkamer Rodger Kram Locomotion Laboratory Department of Integrative PhysiologyUniversity of ColoradoBoulderCO 80309USA Integrative Locomotion Lab Department of KinesiologyUniversity of MassachusettsAmherstMA 01003USA

Background:Compared to conventional racing shoes,Nike Vaporfly 4% running shoes reduce the metabolic cost of level treadmill running by4%.The reduction is attributed to their lightweight,highly compliant,and resilient midsole foam and a midsole-embedded curved carbon-fiber *** investigated whether these shoes also could reduce the metabolic cost of moderate uphill(+3°) and downhill(-3°) *** tested the null hypothesis that,compared to conventional racing shoes,highly cushioned shoes with carbon-fiber plates would impart the same ~4%metabolic power(W/kg) savings during uphill and downhill running as they do during level ***:After familiarization,16 competitive male runners performed six 5-min trials(2 shoes × 3 grades) in 2 Nike marathon racing-shoe models(streak 6 and Vaporfly 4%) on a level,uphill(+3°),and downhill(-3°) treadmill at 13 km/h(3.61 m/s).We measured submaximal oxygen uptake and carbon dioxide production during Minutes 4-5 and calculated metabolic power(W/kg) for each shoe model and grade ***:Compared to the conventional shoes(streak 6),the metabolic power in the Vaporfly 4% shoes was 3.83%(level),2.82%(uphill),and2.70%(downhill)less(all p s less compared to level running(p=0.04;effect size(Es)=0.561) but was not statistically different between downhill and level running(p=0.17;Es=0.356).Conclusion:On a running course with uphill and downhill sections,the metabolic savings and hence performance enhancement provided by Vaporfly 4% shoes would likely be slightly less overall,compared to the savings on a perfectly level race course.

关键词： Energetics Incline Locomotion Oxygen consumption Running economy

Human-Exoskeleton Joint Coordination Assessment:A Case study on the shoulder and Elbow Joints

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2022年第6期19卷 1712-1721页

作者： Pablo Delgado clarissa Rincon Yimesker Yihun Mechanical Engineering Wichita State University1845 FairmountWichitaKS67260USA Biomedical Engineering Wichita State University1845 FairmountWichitaKS67260USA

This study is aimed at developing a methodology to assess and quantify the human limb motions and interactions with the exoskeleton in relation to *** different basic and common upper arm joint movements and their interaction with a joint-based exoskeleton are considered:shoulder vertical and horizontal abduction-adduction,and elbow *** exoskeleton and the human model are aligned to the respective joints inside a Musculoskeletal Modeling *** the range of motion,the linear and angular displacement errors were analyzed,and the effect of those errors on the length of the associated tendons was *** have shown a noticeable variation of the muscle-tendon lengths up to 65.7 mm and a change in the pattern on different muscle groups of the ***,about 4 mm muscle-tendon length changes observed particularly at the elbow anconeus *** changes of length could cause unwanted stresses at the joints,specially for people with disabilities due to stroke that might not have the flexibility to accommodate those extra pose variations imposed by the exoskeleton.

关键词： Exoskeleton Upper limb Rehabilitation Misalignment Opensim Computational modeling Bioinspiration

Early life stress-induced neuroinflammation and neurological disorders: a novel perspective for research

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第9期17卷 1971-1972页

作者： clarissa Catale Valeria Carola Maria Teresa Viscomi Division of Experimental Neuroscience IRCCS Santa Lucia FoundationRomeItaly Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology and Health StudiesSapienza University of RomeRomeItaly Department of Life science and Public Health Section of Histology and EmbryologyUniversitàCattolica del S.CuoreRomeItaly

Childhood maltreatment(CM)has been consistently linked with numerous detrimental outcomes concerning physical and psychological ***,few studies have explored vulnerability to neurological disorders after *** life adversity,in the form of poverty,stress and abuse,has been associated with decline in cognitive function and dementia later in life(short and Baram,2019).Robust preclinical data suggest that early life stress(ELs)may increase the risk and worsen the course of neurological disorders such as Alzheimer’s(AD)and Parkinson’s(PD)diseases,and traumatic brain injury(TBI)(Lesuis et al.,2018;short and Baram,2019;He et al.,2020;Catale et al.,2021;sanchez et al.,2021).

关键词： neurological disorders inflammation

Adipose tissue lipolysis and remodeling during the transition period of dairy cows

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Journal of Animal science and Biotechnology 2017年第4期8卷 787-798页

作者： G.Andres Contreras clarissa strieder-Barboza William Raphael Department of Large Animal Clinical sciences College of Veterinary MedicineMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA

Elevated concentrations of plasma fatty acids in transition dairy cows are significantly associated with increased disease susceptibility and poor lactation performance. The main source of plasma fatty acids throughout the transition period is lipolysis from adipose tissue depots. During this time, plasma fatty acids serve as a source of calories mitigating the negative energy balance prompted by copious milk synthesis and limited dry matter *** research has demonstrated that lipolysis in the adipose organ is a complex process that includes not only the activation of lipolytic pathways in response to neural, hormonal, or paracrine stimuli, but also important changes in the structure and cellular distribution of the tissue in a process known as adipose tissue remodeling. This process involves an inflammatory response with immune cell migration, proliferation of the cellular components of the stromal vascular fraction, and changes in the extracellular matrix. This review summarizes current knowledge on lipolysis in dairy cattle, expands on the new field of adipose tissue remodeling, and discusses how these biological processes affect transition cow health and productivity.

关键词： Adipose tissue macrophages Adipose tissue remodeling Lipolysis Transition dairy cows

Horizontally solidified Al-3 wt%Cu-(0.5 wt%Mg)Alloys:Tailoring Thermal Parameters,Microstructure,Microhardness,and Corrosion Behavior

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Acta Metallurgica sinica(English Letters) 2019年第6期32卷 695-709页

作者： Andre Barros clarissa Cruz Adrina P.silva Noe Cheung Amauri Garcia Otavio Rocha Antonio Moreira Institute of Technology Federal University of Para-UFPABelemPA 66075-110Brazil Federal Institute of Education Science and Technology of Para-IFPABelemPA 66093-020Brazil Department of Manufacturing and Materials Engineering University of Campinas-UNICAMPCampinasSP 13083-860Brazil

In the present experimental investigation,Al–3 wt%Cu and Al–3 wt%Cu–0.5 wt%Mg alloys castings are produced by a horizontal solidification technique with a view to examining the interrelationship among growth rate(GR),cooling rate(CR),secondary dendrite arm spacing(λ2),Vickers microhardness(HV),and corrosion behavior in a 0.5 M NaCl *** intermetallic phases of the as-solidified microstructures,that is,h-Al2Cu,s–Al2CuMg,and x-Al7Cu2 Fe,are subjected to a comprehensive characterization by using calculations provided by computational thermodynamics software,optical microscopy,and scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive ***,electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and potentiodynamic polarization tests have been applied to analyze the corrosion performance of samples of both alloys ***–Petch-type equations are proposed to represent the HV dependence onλ*** is shown that the addition of Mg to the Al–Cu alloy has led to a considerable increase in HV;however,the Al–Cu binary alloy is shown to have lower corrosion current density(icorr)as well as higher polarization resistance as compared to the corresponding results of the Al–Cu–Mg ternary alloy.

关键词： Aluminum alloys solidification Dendritic microstructure Intermetallic phases Microhardness Corrosion resistance

Localization and role of metabotropic glutamate receptors subtype 5 in the gastrointestinal tract

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第25期23卷 4500-4507页

作者： Andrea Ferrigno clarissa Berardo Laura G Di Pasqua Veronica siciliano Plinio Richelmi Mariapia Vairetti Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics (Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology) University of Pavia

Metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 5 (mGluR5) is a Group I mGlu subfamily of receptors coupled to the inositol trisphosphate/diacylglycerol pathway. Like other mGluR subtypes, mGluR5s contain a phylogenetically conserved, extracellular orthosteric binding site and a more variable allosteric binding site, located on the heptahelical transmembrane domain. The mGluR5 receptor has proved to be a key pharmacological target in conditions affecting the central nervous system (CNs) but its presence outside the CNs underscores its potential role in pathologies affecting peripheral organs such as the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and accessory digestive organs such as the tongue, liver and pancreas. Following identification of mGluR5s in the mouth, various studies have subsequently demonstrated its involvement in mechanical allodynia, inflammation, pain and oral cancer. mGluR5 expression has also been identified in gastroesophageal vagal pathways. Indeed, experimental and human studies have demonstrated that mGluR5 blockade reduces transient lower sphincter relaxation and reflux episodes. In the intestine, mGluR5s have been shown to be involved in the control of intestinal inﬂammation, visceral pain and the epithelial barrier function. In the liver, mGluR5s have a permissive role in the onset of ischemic injury in rat and mice hepatocytes. Conversely, livers from mice treated with selective negative allosteric modulators and mGluR5 knockout mice are protected against ischemic injury. similar results have been observed in experimental models of free-radical injury and in vivo mouse models of acetaminophen intoxication. Finally, mGluR5s in the pancreas are associated with insulin secretion control. The picture is, however, far from complete as the review attempts to establish in particular as regards identifying specific targets and innovative therapeutic approaches for the treatment of GI disorders.

关键词： Metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 5 Esophagus Intestine Liver Pancreas

DuPont CEO sees sustainability as Major Growth Opportunity for China

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China Chemical Reporter 2008年第10期19卷 7-7页

作者： clarissa Zhang

China has a major opportunity to innovate,influence and grow in pursuit of sustainability,DuPont Chairman and CEO Charles ***,*** at the ninth annual China Development Forum in Beijing on March 24th."In 2020,sustainability will be a fact of life for all industries,all governments,and all societies around the world,"said Holliday,who is serving as the Forum’s co-chair."Technology will continue to shape our lives and livelihoods in ways that are both expected and *** of the sheer size and influence of the Chinese economy,China is in a unique position to influence how these technologies will evolve

关键词： Major Chairman sustainability opportunity serving

Exposures to violence and trauma among children and adolescents

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Health 2013年第2期5卷 298-305页

作者： clarissa Agee shavers The safer Tomorrows:Injury Prevention and Violence Reduction Project^(■) Primary Care OfficeDetroitUSA

Children and adolescents (youth) may be exposed to various forms of violence and trauma in a number of ways. Research and clinical studies have revealed that youth may be significantly impacted by isolated, single or repetitive exposures to violence and trauma. Further, these exposures may ultimately impact the overall psycho-social-emotional, and mental health, as well as, the mental health care of this population of youth who self-report, who are at-risk and who may or may not be at risk for exposure to violence and trauma in their lives. Thus, consequently, health care providers (HCP’s) who do not view or understand that exposures to violence and trauma among youth, as well as, exposures to adverse environments or situations may pose as a serious or potential psychosocial-emotional and mental health care con- sequence for this population of youth may in- advertently impede or delay timely access to appropriate health care for this population. Hence, as a consequence of this delay in timely access to appropriate psycho-social-emotional and mental health care services for this population of youth, may significantly compromise their overall psycho-social-emotional and mental health care status. This article reviews the impact of exposures to violence and trauma among youth, with a focus on current empirical findings noted in the literature regarding victimized and traumatized children and adolescents, and the implications of these findings in promoting the healing and restoration for this population of youth for HCP’s. In addition, a brief discussion of an empirical evidence-based psycho-social-emotional intervention/project referred to as The safer Tomorrows: Injury Prevention and Violence Reduction Project? which has been designed for children and adolescents who may or may not be at-risk for exposures to violence and trauma is presented. The importance of early identification, screening, assessment and treatment among victimized and traumatized children and adole

关键词： Violence Trauma Children Adolescents Prevention

From the silk Road to the Imperial Court: Chinese Textiles in the Cleveland Museum of Art

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China & The World Cultural Exchange 2018年第11期84卷 39-48页

作者： clarissa Von spee 不详

The Cleveland Museum of Art (CMA)opened its doors to the public over a century ago,in *** then,the museum's collections have been free of admission and "for the benefit of all the people forever". Cleveland was at the time one of the nation's largest and wealthiest cities, with a diverse community including a high percentage of immigrants and industrial workers.

关键词：博物馆藏品