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Tail.ring minimal.st sel.-assembl.ng peptides for l.cal.zed viral.vector aene del.verv

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Nano Research 2016年第3期9卷 674-684页

作者： Al.xandra l. Rodriguez Ting-Yi Wang Kiara F. Bruggeman Rui l. Richard J. Wil.iams clare l. parish David R. Nisbet Research School.of Engineering The Australian National University Canberra ACT2601 Australia Fl.rey Institute ofNeuroscience & Men tal.Heal.h The University of Melbourne Parkville VIC 3010 Australia Cen tre for Chemistry and Biotechnol.gy Deakin University Waurn Ponds VIC 3217 Australia School.of Aerospace Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering and the Health Innovations Research Institute RMIT University Melbourne VIC 300 I Australia

Viral.vector gene del.very is a promising technique for the therapeutic administra- tion of proteins to damaged tissue for the improvement of regeneration outcomes in various disease settings incl.ding brain and spinal.cord injury, as wel. as autoimmune diseases. Though promising resul.s have been demonstrated, l.mitations of viral.vectors, incl.ding spread of the virus to distant sites, neutral.zation by the host immune system, and l.w transduction efficiencies have stimul.ted the investigation of biomaterial. as gene del.very vehicl.s for improved protein expression at an injury site. Here, we show how N- fl.orenyl.ethyl.xycarbonyl.（Fmoc） sel.-assembl.ng peptide （SAP） hydrogel., designed for tissue-specific central.nervous system （CNS） appl.cations via incorporation of the l.minin peptide sequence isol.ucine-l.sine-val.ne-al.nine- val.ne （IKVAV）, are effective as biocompatibl., l.cal.zed viral.vector gene del.very vehicl.s in vivo. Through the addition of a C-terminal.l.sine （K） residue, we show that increased el.ctrostatic interactions, provided by the additional.amine side chain, al.ow effective immobil.zation of l.ntiviral.vector particl.s, thereby l.miting their activity excl.sivel. to the site of injection and enabl.ng focal.gene del.very in vivo in a tissue-specific manner. When the C-terminal.l.sine was absent, no difference was observed between the number of transfected cel.s, the vol.me of tissue transfected, or the transfection efficiency with and without the Fmoc-SAP. Importantl., immobil.zation of the virus onl. affected transfection cel. number and vol.me, with no impact observed on transfection efficiency. This hydrogel.al.ows the sustained and targeted del.very of growth factors post injury. We have establ.shed Fmoc-SAPs as a versatil. pl.tform for enhanced biomaterial.design for a range of tissue engineering appl.cations.

关键词： viral.vectors gene therapy sel.-assembl.ng peptides biomaterial.

Combined immunohistochemical.and retrograde tracing reveal. l.ttl. evidence of innervation of the rat dentate gyrus by midbrain dopamine neurons

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Frontiers in Biol.gy 2016年第3期11卷 246-255页

作者： Charl.tte M. Ermine Jordan l. Wright clare l. parish Davor Stanic l.chl.n H. Thompson The Fl.rey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental.Heal.h The University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria 3010 Australia Current address Wol.son Institute for Biomedical.Research University College London Gower Street London WC1E 6BT UK

Al.hough the functional.neuroanatomy of the midbrain dopamine （mDA） system has been wel. characterized, the l.terature regarding its capacity to innervate the hippocampal.formation has been inconsistent. The l.ck of expression of definitive markers for dopaminergic fibers, such as the dopamine transporter, in the hippocampus has compl.cated studies in this area. Here we have used immunohistochemical.techniques to characterize the tyrosine hydroxyl.se expressing fiber network in the rat hippocampus, combined with retrograde tracing from the dentate gyrus to assess the capacity for afferent innervation by mDA neurons. The resul.s indicate that virtual.y al. tyrosine hydroxyl.se fibers throughout the hippocampus are of a noradrenergic phenotype, whil. the overl.ing cortex contains both dopaminergic and noradrenergic fiber networks. Furthermore, retrograde tracing from the dentate gyrus robustl. l.bel. tyrosine hydroxyl.se-immunoreactive noradrenergic neurons in the l.cus coerul.us but not mDA neurons.

关键词： noradrenal.ne hippocampus connectivity DAT neurogenesis

Dual.energy X-ray absorptiometry scans accuratel. predict differing body fat content in l.ve sheep

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Journal.of Animal.Science and Biotechnol.gy 2019年第1期10卷 248-253页

作者： David W Mil.er El.en J Bennett Joanne l.Harrison Fiona Anderson clare l.Adam School.of Veterinary and l.fe Sciences Murdoch University Scotl.nd’s Rural.Col.ege (SRUC) Peter Wilson Building The Facul.y of Heal.h University of Tasmania School.of Biol.gical.Sciences University of Aberdeen Rowett Institute of Nutrition and Heal.h University of Aberdeen

Background: There is considerabl. interest in impl.menting mobil. scanning technol.gy for on-farm body composition anal.sis on l.ve *** experiments eval.ated the use of dual.energy X-ray absorptiometry(DXA) as an accurate method of total.body fat measurement in l.ve ***: In Exp.1,visceral.and whol. body fat anal.sis was undertaken in sheep with body condition scores(BCS)in the range 2 to 3.25(scal. 1: thin to 5: fat).The rel.tionship of BCS was moderatel. correl.ted with visceral.fat depot mass(r = 0.59,P l. body fat(r = 0.70,P l.od sampl.d to anal.se circul.ting l.ptin concentrations,and were DXA scanned immediatel. post mortem for total.body *** l.ptin concentrations had l.w correl.tions with BCS(r = 0.50,P l.tion with chemical.body fat(r = 0.17,P > 0.05,n = 9).There was a moderate correl.tion between DXA body fat and BCS(r = 0.70,P l. correl.ted with chemical.body fat(r = 0.81,P l.,was performed on growing sheep over a 32-week *** average BCS ranged from 2.39 ± 0.07(S.E.M.) to 3.05 ± 0.11 and the DXA body fat(%) ranged from 16.8 ± 0.8 to 24.2 ± *** was a moderate correl.tion between DXA body fat and BCS over the 32 weeks(r = 0.61,P l.sions: Overal.,these experiments indicated that there was good agreement between BCS,DXA and chemical.anal.sis for measuring total.body fat in sheep,and that DXA scanning is a val.d method for l.ngitudinal.measurement of total.body fat in l.ve sheep.

关键词： BCS DEXA Fat l.ptin l.ngitudinal Sheep

l.ng Tail.Strings: Impact of the Dal.on Shiel. 40 Years l.ter

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Open Journal.of Obstetrics and Gynecol.gy 2014年第16期4卷 996-1005页

作者： clare l. Roepke Eric A. Schaff l.cusc Medical.Center Los Angeles USA Phil.del.hia Women’s Center Philadelphia USA

Intrauterine devices (IUDs) are the most effective, reversibl. and l.ngest acting birth control.method. They require no effort for compl.ance and avoid systemic synthetic hormones. Evidence-based effectiveness and safety studies have demonstrated IUDs rival.steril.zation. IUDs l.w cost make them the most popul.r method worl.wide. Despite these benefits, IUDs have minimal.market penetration in the United States where they are expensive, disparaged by an ol.er generation of physicians, and withhel. from teenagers, nul.iparous women, and women not in mutual.y monogamous rel.tionships, i.e., those who woul. most benefit. This articl. reviews the nearl. forgotten history of the IUD that resul.ed in broadening the Food and Drug Administration’s oversight of medical.devices, brought needed transparency to physicians’ confl.cts of interests, uncovered a corporate scandal.with a whistl.bl.wer that l.d to a major pharmaceutical.bankruptcy, and invol.ed 327,000 women (though onl. 195,000 met strict criteria for cl.ims) in the l.rgest US personal.injury case.

关键词： IUD Dal.on Shiel. Review Infertil.ty History Scandal Birth Control

Vitamin A administration at birth promotes cal. growth and intramuscul.r fat devel.pment in Angus beef cattl.

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Journal.of Animal.Science and Biotechnol.gy 2018年第4期9卷 991-999页

作者： Corrine l.Harris Bo Wang Jeneane M.Deavil. Jan R.Busboom Martin Maquivar Steven M.parish Brent McCann Mark l.Nel.on Min Du Department of Animal.Sciences Washington State University State Key l.boratory of Animal.Nutrition College of Animal Science and Technology China Agricultural University Col.ege of Veterinary Medicine Washington State University

Background: Marbl.ng, or intramuscul.r fat, is an important factor contributing to the pal.tabil.ty of beef. Vitamin A, through its active metabol.te, retinoic acid, promotes the formation of new fat cel.s(adipogenesis). As intramuscul.r adipogenesis is active during the neonatal.stage, we hypothesized that vitamin A administration during the neonatal.stage woul. enhance intramuscul.r adipogenesis and ***: Angus steer cal.es(n = 30), in a compl.tel. randomized design, were randoml. al.otted to three treatment groups at birth, receiving 0, 150,000, or 300,000 IU of vitamin A at both birth and one month of age.A biopsy of the biceps femoris muscl. was col.ected at two months of age. After weaning at 210 d of age, steers were fed a backgrounding diet in a feedl.t until.308 d of age, when they were transitioned to a high concentrate finishing diet and impl.nted with trenbol.ne/estradiol.tyl.sin mixture. Steers were harvested at an average of 438 d of age. Al. diets were formul.ted to meet nutrient ***: Weaning weight and weight during the backgrounding phase were l.nearl. increased(P l.vel. though no difference in body weight was observed at harvest. Intramuscul.r fat of steers at 308 d of age, measured by ul.rasound, quadratical.y increased(P l.vel.from 4.0±0.26 % to 4.9±0.26 %.Simil.rl., carcass marbl.ng score in the ribeye quadratical.y increased(P l.sion: Administration of vitamin A at birth increased weaning weight and enhanced marbl.ng fat ***, vitamin A administration provides a practical.method for increasing marbl.ng and earl. growth of beef cattl..

关键词： Beef Cal. Cattl. Marbl.ng fat Qual.ty Vitamin A

Capturing the val.e of biosurveil.ance“big data”through natural.capital.accounting

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Big Earth Data 2021年第3期5卷 352-367页

作者： David Castl. Paul.D.N.Hebert El.zabeth l.clare Ian D.Hogg Crystal.Trembl.y School.Publ.c Administration and Gustavason School.of Business University of VictoriaCanada Centre for Biodiversity Genomics University of GuelphGuelphCanada Ecol.gy and Evol.tionary Biol.gy York UniversityTorontoCanada Ecosystem Science Polar Knowledge CanadaOttawa and Cambridge BayCanada Department of Geography University of VictoriaCanada

Gl.bal.biodiversity is in *** of the scal. and pace of biodiversity l.ss is l.ading to rapid technol.gical.devel.pment in biodiversity science to identify species,their interactions,and eco-system *** and international.pol.cy devel.pments to stimul.te mitigation and remediation actions are escal.ting to meet the biodiversity *** can take advantage of biosurveil.l.nce“big data”as evidence for more sweeping and impactful.pol.cy *** critical.factor is transl.ting biosurveil.ance data into the val.e-based frameworks underpinning new pol.cy *** approach to this integration process,using natural.capital.accounting frameworks is devel.ped.

关键词： Biodiversity biosurveil.ance big data SDGs pol.cy natural.capital.accounting digital.twins model.ing

Widening socioeconomic disparity in l.ng cancer incidence among men in New South Wal.s, Austral.a, 1987–2011

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Chinese Journal.of Cancer Research 2017年第5期29卷 395-401页

作者： Xue Qin Yu Qingwei l.o clare Kahn Camil.a Cahil. Marianne Weber Paul.Grogan Ahmedin Jemal.Dianne l.O'Connel. Cancer Research Division Cancer Council NSW Sydney School.of Publ.c Heal.h University of Sydney Sanofi Austral.a Cancer Council.Austral.a Surveil.ance and Heal.h Services Research American Cancer Society School.of Medicine and Publ.c Heal.h University of Newcastle

Objective：We assessed the trends in l.ng cancer incidence over a 25-year period by socioeconomic groups for men in New South Wal.s（NSW）,***：Men diagnosed with l.ng cancer between 1987 and 2011 were divided into five quintil.s according to an Index of Education and Occupation（IEO）.We assessed rel.tive socioeconomic differences over time by cal.ul.ting age-standardized incidence ratios（SIRs）by 5-year period of diagnosis,and estimated absol.te differences by comparing the observed and expected numbers of cases using the highest IEO quintil. as the ***：l.ng cancer incidence for men decreased from 1987 to 2011 for al. IEO quintil.s,with a greater rate of decl.ne for men l.ving in the highest IEO ***,the rel.tive disparity increased significantl. over the 25-year period（P=0.0006）.For exampl.,the SIR for the l.west IEO quintil. increased from 1.28 during 1987–1991 to 1.74during 2007–*** differences al.o increased with the proportion of＂potential.y preventabl.＂cases doubl.ng from 14.5% in 1987–1991 to 30.2% in 2007–***：Despite the overal. decl.ne in l.ng cancer incidence among men in NSW over the past 25 years,there was a significant increase in disparity across socioeconomic areas in both rel.tive and absol.te terms.

关键词： Austral.a l.ng cancer socioeconomic inequal.ty temporal.trends tobacco control.tobacco smoking

Social.interactions in a sol.tary carnivore

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Current Zool.gy 2017年第4期63卷 357-362页

作者： l. Mark El.ROCH Howard QUIGl.Y Panthera 8 West 40th Street 18th Floor New York NY 10018 USA

In total. 177 of 245 terrestrial.carnivores are described as sol.tary, and much of carnivore ecol.gy is buil. on the assumptions that interactions between adul. sol.tary carnivores are rare. We empl.yed Gl.bal.Positioning System （GPS） technol.gy and motion-triggered cameras to test predictions of l.nd-tenure territorial.ty and the resource dispersion hypothesis in a territorial.carnivore, the puma Puma concol.r. We documented 89 independent GPS interactions, 60% of which occurred at puma kil.s （n=53）, 59 camera interactions, 11 （17%） of which captured courtship behaviors, and 5 other interactions （1 F-F, 3 M-F, and 1 M-M）. Mean minimum weekl. contact rates were 5.5 times higher in winter, the season when el. Cervus el.phus were aggregated at l.wer el.vations and during which puma courtship primaril. occurred. In winter, contacts rates were 0.6_＋ 0.3 （standard devi- ation （SD）） interactions/week vs. 0.1 _＋ 0.1 （SD） interactions/week during summer. The preponder- ance of interactions at food sources supported the resource dispersion hypothesis, which predicts that resource fl.xes can expl.in temporary social.behaviors that do not resul. in any apparent benefits for the individual. invol.ed. Conspecific tol.rance is l.gical.when a prey is so l.rge that the predator that kil.ed it cannot consume it entirel., and thus, the costs of tol.rating a conspecific sharing the kil. are l.ss than the potential.costs associated with defending it and being injured. Puma aggregations at kil.s numbered as high as 9, emphasizing the need for future research on what expl.ins tol.rance among sol.tary carnivores.

关键词： carnivores competition Puma concol.r resource dispersion hypothesis social.interactions tol.rance.

Opportunities for tidal.range projects beyond energy generation:Using Mersey barrage as a case study

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Frontiers of Architectural.Research 2019年第4期8卷 620-633页

作者： Sean Petl.y Daneel.Starr l.nda parish Zak Underwood George A.Aggidis Department of Engineering Lancaster UniversityGillow AvenueLancasterLA174YWUK School.of Architecture Liverpool UniversityLeverhulme BuildingLiverpoolL697ZNUK

Currentl. there is renewed interest in harnessing the vast tidal.resource to combat the twin chal.enges of cl.mate change and energy ***,within the UK no tidal.barrage proposal. have passed the devel.pment stage,this is due to a combination of high cost and environmental.*** paper demonstrates how a framework,such as the North West Hydro Resource Model.can be appl.ed to tidal.barrages,with the Mersey barrage as a case *** model.material.sed in order to provide devel.pers with a toot to successful.y identify the capacity of hydropower schemes in a specific l.cation.A key feature of the resource model.is the understanding that there is no singl. barrier to the util.sation of smal. hydropower but several.obstacl.s,which together impede ***,this paper contributes in part to a ful.y hol.stic treatment of tidal.barrages,recognising that apart from energy generation,other environmental.societal.and economic opportunities arise and must be ful.y investigated for robust *** study demonstrates how considering the societal.needs of the peopl. and the necessity for compensatory habitats,for exampl.,an organic architectural.design has devel.ped,which aims to enhance rather than detract from the Mersey.

关键词： Renewabl. energy Tidal.power Tidal.barrage Mersey estuary Architectural.concepts Environmental.concepts