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Efficiency and sustainability of the tourism industry in Latin America

Regional Sustainability 2024年第4期5卷 57-70页

作者： clara Inés PARDO MARTÍNEZ Alexander COTTE POVEDA School of Administration Universidad del RosarioBogotá110111Colombia Department of Economics Universidad Santo TomasBogotá110111Colombia Escuela Superior de Administración Pública(ESAP) Bogotá110111Colombia

The tourism industry is economically very *** to the World Travel Tourism Council,in 2019,the tourism industry accounted for a quarter of all new jobs created worldwide,10.3%of all jobs,and 9.6×1012 USD of the global gross domestic *** study aimed to calculate the tourism efficiency index for different Latin American countries from 2010 to 2021 using data envelopment analysis,which analyzes the relationships between input variables(including the number of employees in the tourism industry and the number of hotel-type establishments)and output variables(including tourism expenditures in other countries and public social expenditures in recreation and culture per capita).Additionally,this study aimed to identify the countries with greater tourism development and the factors that may affect the development of the tourism industry through the stochastic frontier production *** results of the tourism efficiency index for Central America(including Costa Rica,Dominica,El Salvador,Honduras,Mexico,and Panama)and South America(including Argentina,Brazil,Chile,Colombia,Ecuador,Paraguay,Peru,and Uruguay)exhibited different ***,after the global health crisis,the tourism industry recovered,showing new opportunities to promote *** results of the stochastic frontier production function demonstrated that countries with higher levels of inbound and outbound tourism,contribution of tourism to the economy,natural resources,and literacy rate exhibited more efficient tourism industry,whereas countries with higher pollution levels exhibited less efficient tourism *** findings of this study could allow us to formulate suitable public policies to promote tourism,maintain natural resources,and diversify these sectors with more inclusive programmes that can facilitate growth and benefit vulnerable communities.

关键词： Tourism industry Tourism efficiency index Stochastic frontier production function Data envelopment analysis(DEA) Latin America

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Volatile organic compound emission and biochemical properties of degraded Ultisols ameliorated by no tillage and liming

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Pedosphere 2020年第5期30卷 597-606页

作者： Laura GIAGNONI Cosimo TAITI Paloma LEON Corrado COSTA Paolo MENESATTI Rafael ESPEJO clara GOMEZ-PACCARD Chiquinquira HONTORIA Eduardo VAZQUEZ Marta BENITO Stefano MANCUSO Giancarlo RENELLA Department of Agriculture FoodEnvironment and Forestry(DAGRI)University of FlorenceP.le delle Cascine 18Florence 50144(Italy) Departamento de Production Agraria E.T.S.I.AgrondmicaAlimentaria y de BiosistemasUniversidad Politecnica de MadridAvda.Complutense s/nMadrid 28040(Spain) Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e I'Analisi dell'Economia Agraria(CREA)-Unita di Ricerca per ilngegneria Agraria via della Pascolare 16Monterotondo ScaloRM 00015(Italy) Department of Soil Biogeochemistry and Soil Ecology University of BayreuthDr.Hans-Frisch-Strafie 1-3Bayreuth 95448(Germany) University of Padua Department of AgronomyFoodNatural ResourcesAnimals and Environment(DAFNAE)Viale dell'Universita 16Legnaro 35020(Italy)

TTie Ultisols in the Rana de Canamero area in Southwest Spain showed aluminum(Al)phytotoxicity,and the clearance of natural vegetation and decades of intensive conventional agriculture caused the deplation of soil organic matter(SOM).Therefore,we studied the long-term effects of no tillage and liming using sugar beet foam(SF)and red gypsum(RG),alone or in combination,on the restoration of Ultisols affected by acidification,Al phytotoxicity,and SOM *** measured the main soil chemical properties,soil microbial biomass,soil enzyme activities involved in carbon,nitrogen,phosphorus,and sulfur mineralization,and the emission of volatile organic compounds(VOCs).The results indicated that liming effectively neutralized the soil acidity in the long term and,in combination with no tillage,significantly increased soil microbial biomass and enzyme ***-three VOCs were detected using the proton transfer reaction-time of flight(PTR-ToF)technique,and both liming and tillage changed the VOC emission *** greatest difference in VOC emission pattern was observed between no-tilled un-amended soils and tilled lime-amended soils,suggesting the activation of different metabolic pathways within the microbial communities of soils under different *** in VOC emission patterns could be attributed to the decomposition of carbohydrates,which were also sustained by the higher enzyme activities in the lime-amended soils.

关键词： carbohydrate decomposition degraded soils long-term field trial soil acidity soil enzyme activities soil microbial biomass soil restoration

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Role of simulation in kidney stone disease:A systematic review of literature trends in the 26 years

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World Journal of Nephrology 2023年第4期12卷 104-111页

作者： Carlotta Nedbal Victoria Jahrreiss clara Cerrato Amelia Pietropaolo Andrea Galosi Domenico Veneziano Panagiotis Kallidonis Bhaskar K Somani Department of Urology University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation TrustSouthampton SO166YDUnited Kingdom Department of Urology Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria delle MarchePolytechnic University of MarcheAncona 60121Italy Department of Urology The Smith Institute for UrologyNorthwell HealthNew YorkNY 11042United States Department of Urology University of PatrasPatras 26500Greece

BACKGROUND Minimally invasive techniques for treatment of urinary stones requires expertise,experience and endoscopic *** provide a low-stress and low-risk environment while providing a realistic set-up and training *** To report the publication trend of‘simulation in urolithiasis’over the last 26 *** Research of all published papers on“Simulation in Urolithiasis”was performed through PubMed database over the last 26 years,from January 1997 to December *** were labelled and divided in three subgroups:(1)Training papers;(2)Clinical simulation application or surgical procedures;and(3)Diagnostic radiology *** subgroup was then divided into two 13-year time periods to compare and identify the contrast of different decades:period-1(1997-2009)and period-2(2010-2022).RESULTS A total of 168 articles published on the application of simulation in urolithiasis over the last 26 years(training:n=94,surgical procedures:n=66,and radiology:n=8).The overall number of papers published in simulation in urolithiasis was 35 in Period-1 and 129 in Period-2,an increase of+269%(P=0.0002).Each subgroup shows a growing trend of publications from Period-1 to Period-2:training papers+279%(P=0.001),surgical simulations+264%(P=0.0180)and radiological simulations+200%(P=0.2105).CONCLUSION In the last decades there has been a step up of papers regarding training protocols with the aid of various simulation devices,with simulators now a part of training *** the development of 3D-printed and high-fidelity models,simulation for surgical procedure planning and patients counseling is also a growing field and this trend will continue to rise in the next few years.

关键词： Kidney calculi Urolithiasis Simulation Ureteroscopy Percutaneous nephrolithotomy Artificial intelligence

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Impact of tacrolimus intra-patient variability in adverse outcomes after organ transplantation

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World Journal of Transplantation 2023年第5期13卷 254-263页

作者： Maria clara Morais Maria Eduarda Soares Gabriela Costa Laura Guerra Nayana Vaz Liana Codes Paulo Lisboa Bittencourt School of Medicine Bahiana School of Medicine and Public HealthSalvador 40290-000BahiaBrazil School of Medicine Federal University of BahiaSalvador 40110-100BahiaBrazil Unit of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Portuguese HospitalSalvador 40130-030BahiaBrazil

Tacrolimus(Tac)is currently the most common calcineurin-inhibitor employed in solid organ *** intra-patient variability(IPV)of Tac(Tac IPV)has been associated with an increased risk of immune-mediated rejection and poor outcomes after kidney *** data are available concerning the impact of high Tac IPV in non-kidney ***,even in kidney transplantation,there is still a controversy whether high Tac IPV is indeed detrimental in respect to graft and/or patient *** may be due to different methods employed to evaluate IPV and distinct time frames adopted to assess graft and patient survival in those reports published up to now in the *** is also known about the influence of high Tac IPV in the development of other untoward adverse events,update of the current knowledge regarding the impact of Tac IPV in different outcomes following kidney,liver,heart,lung,and pancreas tran-splantation to better evaluate its use in clinical practice.

关键词： Tacrolimus Intra-patient variability Rejection Organ transplantation Graft survival Outcomes

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Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Activities of Clove Oil Nanoparticles and Evaluation of Its Size and Retention Efficiency

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Materials Sciences and Applications 2022年第1期13卷 39-53页

作者： clara Teixeira de Oliveira Maria Inês Bruno Tavares Institute of Macromolecules Professor Eloisa Mano Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil

A derivation of the nanoprecipitation technique without the presence of surfactants to reduce the nanoparticle size is herein proposed. The absence of surfactant in the nanoprecipitation technique allows capturing particles with a smaller diameter than nanoparticles containing surfactants, facilitating the migration of antioxidant nanoparticles in film packaging. Biodegradable PLA nanoparticles with clove oil were produced and characterized by dynamic light scattering, zeta potential, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, retention efficiency, cytotoxicity, and antioxidant activity. The particle sizes obtained were smaller than those commonly produced by nanoprecipitation, monodispersed and stable for 6 months. The antioxidant activity showed that the encapsulated form of clove oil had greater antioxidant activity than unencapsulated clove oil. The addition of PLA nanoparticles decreased the cytotoxic action of eugenol, the main antioxidant component of clove oil.

关键词： Nanoprecipitation PLA Clove Oil Antioxidant

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Long-Term Persistent Absolute Insulin Secretion Deficiency in Diabetes Induced by Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors

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Open Journal of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases 2023年第12期13卷 227-233页

作者： Moctar Bah clara Bouché Jean-François Gautier Department of Diabetology and Endocrinology Lariboisière Hospital Assistance Publique-H&#244pitaux de Paris University of Paris Paris France Department of Medicine Sominé DOLO Hospital Mopti Mali Department of Hospital Medicine Fondation Rothschild Hospital Paris France INSERM U1151 INEM Université Paris-Cité Paris France

Immune checkpoint inhibitors are today an immense hope in the management of cancers. However, since their widespread use, many cases of insulin-requiring diabetes appearing suddenly, as fulminant diabetes have been reported. Here, we describe 4 cases that occurred at different times after the beginning of immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy with Nivolumab alone or associated with Ipilimumab. There are 3 cases of newly diagnosed diabetes and 1 case of known type 2 diabetes formerly quite well balanced with Metformin. The clinical and biological characteristics of these patients are quite similar. They were all insulin-requiring at the discovery of diabetes and remained so throughout their follow-up. This type of diabetes which looks like type 1 diabetes seems rather to be a new entity.

关键词： Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Nivolumab Ipilimumab Fulminant Diabetes Insulin-Requiring Diabetes

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Variations in Soil Organic Matter Content in Cultivated and Uncultivated Calcareous Soils from the Mediterranean Island of Malta after 15 Years of Cultivation

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Open Journal of Soil Science 2024年第4期14卷 210-226页

作者： Anthony T. Sacco Marcelle Agius clara Didier Institute of Earth Systems Division of Rural Sciences and Food Systems University of Malta Msida Malta É cole Nationale Sup&#233rieure Agronomique de Toulouse Auzeville-Tolosane France

The soils of Malta are calcareous and generally undeveloped. Organic matter (OM) in these soils is low and farmers are constantly urged to increase it. The objective of this study was to evaluate any temporal variation in soil OM after 15 years of cultivation, and determine whether soil series, soil depth, and cultivation influence variation. OM was determined in the topsoil and subsoil of 7 agricultural and 4 non-agricultural sites. The sites represented 7 different soil series that are present on the island. In sampling periods 1 (t = 0 years) and 2 (t =15 years), the OM content in the collective (all soil series) bulk (topsoil and subsoil) uncultivated soil was 3.9 % and 3.8 % respectively. This was significantly greater than that of the collective bulk cultivated soil (2.4% and 2.3%). The OM in the collective uncultivated topsoil was 5.4% and 5.2% in periods 1 and 2 and was significantly higher than that of the cultivated topsoil (2.5% in both periods). The OM content in the collective uncultivated subsoil was 2.3% and 2.5% in periods 1 and 2 respectively but only that measured in period 2 was significantly higher than that of the cultivated subsoil (2.2% in both periods). On an individual soil series basis, the OM in the uncultivated topsoils was significantly higher than that of their cultivated counterparts. The differences in the subsoils were not significant. Across the uncultivated soil series, OM was significantly higher in the topsoil than in the subsoil but in the cultivated soil series the differences between topsoil and subsoil were not significant. There was no significant difference in OM between the uncultivated soils of different series, but in the cultivated the OM content was higher in soils that were more mature. After 15 years, no significant change in OM occurred in both the collective cultivated and uncultivated bulk soils, the collective topsoil and subsoil, and in most of the individual series. The OM content of each soil series was also s

关键词： Soil Organic Carbon Agricultural Land Non-Agricultural Land Land Management

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The TELOMERE REPEAT BINDING proteins TRB4 and TRB5 function as transcriptional activators of PRC2-controlled genes to regulate plant development

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Plant Communications 2024年第7期5卷 178-199页

作者： Simon Amiard Léa Feit Emmanuel Vanrobays Lauriane Simon Samuel Le Goff Loriane Loizeau Léa Wolff Falk Butter clara Bourbousse Fredy Barneche Christophe Tatout Aline V.Probst iGReD CNRSInsermUniversite Clermont Auvergne63000 Clermont-FerrandFrance Institut de biologie de I’Ecole normale superieure(IBENS) Ecole normale superieureCNRSINSERMUniversite PSLParisFrance Institute of Molecular Biology 55128 MainzGermany

Plant-specific transcriptional regulators called TELOMERE REPEAT BINDING proteins(TRBs)combine two DNA-binding domains,the GH1 domain,which binds to linker DNA and is shared with H1 histones,and the Myb/SANT domain,which specifically recognizes the telobox DNA-binding site ***1,TRB2,and TRB3 proteins recruit Polycomb group complex 2(PRC2)to deposit H3K27me3 and JMJ14 to remove H3K4me3 at gene promoters containing telobox motifs to repress ***,we demonstrate that TRB4 and TRB5,two related paralogs belonging to a separate TRB clade conserved in spermatophytes,regulate the transcription of several hundred genes involved in developmental responses to environmental ***4 binds to several thousand sites in the genome,mainly at transcription start sites and promoter regions of transcriptionally active and H3K4me3-marked genes,but,unlike TRB1,it is not enriched at H3K27me3-marked gene ***,TRB4 can physically interact with the catalytic components of PRC2,SWINGER,and CURLY LEAF(CLF).Unexpectedly,we show that TRB4 and TRB5 are required for distinctive phenotypic traits observed in clf mutant plants and thus function as transcriptional activators of several hundred CLF-controlled genes,including key flowering *** further demonstrate that TRB4 shares multiple target genes with TRB1 and physically and genetically interacts with members of both TRB ***,these results reveal that TRB proteins engage in both positive and negative interactions with other members of the family to regulate plant development through both PRC2-dependent and-independent mechanisms.

关键词： chromatin TRB proteins transcriptional regulation PRC2 plant development

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Sequence-sorted redox-switchable hetero[3]rotaxanes

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Organic Chemistry Frontiers 2022年第1期9卷 64-74页

作者： Marius Gaedke Henrik Hupatz Felix Witte Susanne M.Rupf clara Douglas Hendrik V.Schröder Lukas Fischer Moritz Malischewski Beate Paulus Christoph A.Schalley Institut für Chemie und Biochemie der Freien Universität Berlin Arnimallee 2014195 BerlinGermany Institut für Chemie und Biochemie der Freien Universität Berlin Arnimallee 2214195 BerlinGermany Institut für Chemie und Biochemie der Freien Universität Berlin Fabeckstr.34/3614195 BerlinGermany

From a library of five crown ether macrocycles with different ring sizes and redox-active moieties,such as tetrathiafulvalene(TTF)and naphthalene dimiide(NDI),directional heterocircuit[3]rotaxanes were *** an axle with two binding sites with different steric accessibility,the concept of integrative self-sorting was applied to program the sequence of functional units in heteropseudo[3]*** on binding strength and ring size of the smaller macrocycles,different heteropseudo[3]rotaxane selectivities and stabilities were determined by 2D NMR spectroscopy and tandem mass spectrometry.A heteropseudo[3]rotaxane with rotaxane-like behaviour was isolated chromatographically,displaying electrochemically“frustrated”properties.A robust synthetic procedure was developed allowing the synthesis of four new hetero[3]rotaxanes incorporating specific sequences of functional *** pseudoisomeric rotaxanes which have the naphthalene diimide subunit at two different positions show distinct electrochemical *** calculations suggest that this differences could arise from a folding of the structure,in which the redox-active moieties stack with a stopper *** study presents a blueprint for the construction of hetero[3]rotaxanes with sequential control of the functional units along the track of the axle and paves the way to extend the functionality of mechanically interlocked molecules.

关键词： properties redox Sequence

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Very low calorie ketogenic diet and common rheumatic disorders:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第9期11卷 1985-1991页

作者： Mariangela Rondanelli Zaira Patelli clara Gasparri Francesca Mansueto Cinzia Ferraris Mara Nichetti Tariq A Alalwan Ignacio Sajoux Roberto Maugeri Simone Perna Department of Public Health Experimental and Forensic MedicineUnit of Human and Clinical NutritionIRCCS Mondino FoundationPavia 27100Italy Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit Azienda di Servizi alla Persona"Istituto Santa Margherita"University of PaviaPavia 27100Italy Food Education and Sport Nutrition Laboratory Department of Public HealthExperimental and Forensic MedicineUniversity of PaviaPavia 27100Italy Department of Biology College of ScienceUniversity of BahrainSakhir 32038Bahrain Chief Scientific Office Medical Department Pronokal GroupBarcelona 08001Spain Medical Direction PronoKal GroupSavigliano 12038Italy

BACKGROUND The scientific literature provides evidence that nutritional ketosis can be an important support in the treatment of pathologies in which inflammation is present,as recent studies have shown that ketone bodies have anti-inflammatory activity in numerous diseases,including rheumatic *** report the case of a 22-year-old woman with class I obesity and juvenile idiopathic arthritis who started treatment with a very low calorie ketogenic diet(VLCKD).CASE SUMMARY The patient was a 22-year-old woman diagnosed with juvenile idiopathic arthritis at age 4 years and with a body mass index(BMI)of 30.8 kg/m2,waist circumference(WC)80 cm,fat mass(FM)28.1 kg,free FM 45.7 kg,and visceral adipose tissue(VAT)3.5 kg,assessed on bioimpedance *** was treated using a commercial VLCKD weight-loss program(PNK®method);this program provides high-biological-value protein preparations and natural *** protein preparation contains 15 g protein,4 g carbohydrate,3 g fat,and 50 mg omega-3 docosahexaenoic acid,with an energy content of 90–120 *** four months on the program,the BMI was 28.6 kg/m2,WC 73 cm,FM 23.2 kg,free FM 41.9 kg,and VAT 2.9 *** VLCKD enabled the patient to reach her target weight and to reduce her joint pain and *** inflammatory indices also normalized.

关键词： Very low calorie ketogenic diet Inflammation PNK

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