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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2019年第5期17卷 338-343页

作者： claire l.hoban Roger W.Byard Ian F.Musgrave Discipline of Pharmacology The University of AdelaideAdelaideSA 5005Australia Discipline of Anatomy and Pathology The University of AdelaideAdelaideSA 5005Australia

Objective: Assessing adverse drug reactions(ADRs) is a proven method to estimate the safety of medicines. The ADRs to herbal medicines in Australia(and by inference, the safety of herbal medicines in Australia) remain unknown. This study examines spontaneous ADR cases to four of the most popular herbs in Australia from 2000 to 2015: echinacea(Echinacea purpurea), valerian(Valeriana officinalis), black cohosh(Actaea racemosa) and ginkgo(Ginkgo biloba).Methods: ADRs of echinacea, valerian, black cohosh and ginkgo reported to the Australian Therapeutic Goods Administration(TGA) between 2000 and 2015 were obtained from the TGA database. Data were collated and analysed according to age, sex, severity, type of ADR and body system affected. Statistics were calculated using Graph Pad Prism ***: Most ADRs were mild or moderate. However, every herbal medicine was associated with lifethreatening ADRs. In each life-threatening case, the herbal medicine was taken concomitantly with prescription medications. Black cohosh was associated with a significant number of severe ADRs(30.3% of the total), with 39.4% of these ADRs being associated with abnormal hepatic function, hepatitis or ***: This study highlights the lack of public awareness with regard to herb–drug interactions,since most of the severe ADRs involved a herb–drug interaction.

关键词： Herbal medicine Adverse drug reaction Actaea racemosa Echinacea purpurea Ginkgo biloba Valeriana officinalis

Genetic and phenological variation of tocochromanol(vitamin E)content in wild(Daucus carota ***)and domesticated carrot(*** ***)

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Horticulture Research 2014年第1期1卷 221-226页

作者： claire H luby Hiroshi A Maeda Irwin l Goldman Department of Horticulture University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI 53706USA Department of Botany University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI 53706USA

Carrot roots(Daucus carota ***)produce tocochromanol compounds,collectively known as vitamin ***,little is known about their types and *** we determined the range and variation in types and amounts of tocochromanols in a variety of cultivated carrot accessions throughout carrot postharvest storage and reproductive stages and in wild-type roots(Daucus carota ***).Of eight possible tocochromanol compounds,we detected and quantified α-,and the combined peak for β-and γ-forms of tocopherols and *** variation in amounts of tocochromanol compounds was observed across accessions and over *** increases in a-tocopherol were noted during both reproductive growth and the postharvest *** variation of tocochromanols in carrot root tissue provides useful information for future research seeking to understand the role of these compounds in carrot root tissue or to breed varieties with increased levels of these compounds.

关键词： sativa cultivated vitamin

Unveiling the lamellar structure of the human cornea over its full thickness using polarization-resolved SHG microscopy

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light(Science & Applications) 2023年第9期12卷 1782-1794页

作者： Clothilde Raoux Anatole Chessel Pierre Mahou Gaël latour Marie-claire Schanne-Klein laboratory for Optics and Biosciences Ecole PolytechniqueCNRSINSERMInstitut Polytechnique de Paris91128 PalaiseauFrance UniversitéParis-Saclay 91190 Gif-sur-YvetteFrance

A key property of the human cornea is to maintain its curvature and consequently its refraction capability despite daily changes in intraocular *** is closely related to the multiscale structure of the corneal stroma,which consists of 1-3µm-thick stacked lamellae made of thin collagen ***,the distribution,size,and orientation of these lamellae along the depth of the cornea are poorly characterized up to *** this study,we use second harmonic generation(SHG)microscopy to visualize the collagen distribution over the full depth of 10 intact and unstained human corneas(500-600µm thick).We take advantage of the small coherence length in epi-detection to axially resolve the lamellae while maintaining the corneal physiological ***,as raw epi-detected SHG images are spatially homogenous because of the sub-wavelength size of stromal collagen fibrils,we use a polarimetric approach to measure the collagen orientation in every *** a careful validation of this approach,we show that the collagen lamellae(i)are mostly oriented along the inferior-superior axis in the anterior stroma and along the nasal-temporal axis in the posterior stroma,with a gradual shift in between and(ii)exhibit more disorder in the anterior *** results represent the first quantitative characterization of the lamellar structure of the human cornea continuously along its entire thickness with micrometric *** also shows the unique potential of P-SHG microscopy for imaging of collagen distribution in thick dense tissues.

关键词： structure curvature resolved

Circadian Clock Genes Universally Control Key Agricultural Traits

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Molecular Plant 2015年第8期8卷 1135-1152页

作者： claire Bendix Plant Gene Expression Center USDA-ARS Albany CA 94710 USA Department of Plant & Microbial Biology University of California Berkeley CA 94720 USA

Circadian clocks are endogenous timers that enable plants to synchronize biological processes with daily and seasonal environmental conditions in order to allocate resources during the most beneficial times of day and year. The circadian clock regulates a number of central plant activities, including growth, develop- ment, and reproduction, primarily through controlling a substantial proportion of transcriptional activity and protein function. This review examines the roles that alleles of circadian clock genes have played in domestication and improvement of crop plants. The focus here is on three groups of circadian clock genes essential to clock function in Arabidopsis thaliana： PSEUDO-RESPONSE REGUlATORs, GIGANTEA, and the evening complex genes EARl Y FlOWERING 3, EARlY FlOWERING 4, and lUX ARRHYTHMO. Homol- ogous genes from each group underlie quantitative trait loci that have beneficial influences on key agricul- tural traits, especially flowering time but also yield, biomass, and biennial growth habit. Emerging insights into circadian clock regulation of other fundamental plant processes, including responses to abiotic and biotic stresses, are discussed to highlight promising avenues for further crop improvement.

关键词： circadian clock PSEUDO-RESPONSE REGUlATORs GIGANTEA evening complex genes quantitative trait loci flowering time

p-Cresol mineralization and bacterial population dynamics in a nitrifying sequential batch reactor

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2014年第9期26卷 1885-1893页

作者： Carlos David Silva lizeth Beristain-Montiel Flor de Maria Cuervo-lópez Anne-claire Texier Department of Biotechnology-CBS Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-IztapalapaMexico City 09340Mexico Department of Process and Technology-CNI Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-CuajimalpaMexico City 05300Mexico

The ability of a nitrifying sludge to oxidize p-cresol was evaluated in a sequential batch reactor （SBR）. p-Cresol was first transformed to p-hydroxybenzaldehyde and p-hydroxybenzoate, which were later mineralized. The specific rates of p-cresol consumption increased throughout the cycles. The bacterial population dynamics were monitored by using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis 0DGGE） and sequencing of DGGE fragments. The ability of the sludge to consume p-cresol and intermediates might be related to the presence of species such as Variouorax paradoxus and Thauera mechernichensis, p-Cresol （25 to 200 mg C/l） did not affect the nitrifying SBR performance （ammonium consumption efficiency and nitrate production yield were close to 100% and 1, respectively）. This may be related to the high stability observed in the nitrifying communities. It was shown that a nitrifying SBR may be a good alternative to eliminate simultaneously ammonium and p-cresol, maintaining stable the respiratory process as the bacterial community.

关键词： Nitrificationp-Cresol oxidationSequential batch reactorPopulation dynamicsEcological indices

Quantifying Environmental Impacts of Temporary Housing at the Urban Scale: Intersection of Vulnerability and PostHurricane Relief in New Orleans

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2019年第4期10卷 478-492页

作者： claire McConnell Chiara Bertolin Department of Architecture and Technology Norwegian University of Science and Technology(NTNU)7491 TrondheimNorway Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Norwegian University of Science and Technology(NTNU)7491 TrondheimNorway

The increasing risk and exposure of people and assets to natural hazards and disasters suggests an increasing need for temporary housing following *** to natural hazards is dependent on the resources available to families or communities to prepare for and mitigate risk,influenced by social *** study seeks to quantify the total environmental impact of temporary housing deployment in New Orleans,using the catastrophic impact of Hurricane Katrina in southern louisiana in August 2005 as a case *** employ a novel approach to estimate displacement period and take into account social vulnerability across New Orleans neighborhoods to better understand the scale of post-disaster relief and its global warming *** methodology implemented in this study comprises three steps:a risk assessment,a life cycle assessment,and a resulting total impact *** demonstrate the considerable risk of greenhouse gas emissions and energy impacts from temporary housing deployment linked to hurricane ***,we show that environmental impact is highly sensitive to displacement period and find the current methodology of anticipating temporary housing use by hazard alone to be ***,the approach presented in this article provides tools to politicians and disaster risk professionals that allow for resource investment planning to decrease social vulnerability,thus enhancing resilience and adaptive capacity in a more homogeneous way at the urban scale.

关键词： Disaster risk Global warming potential Hurricane Katrina life cycle assessment New Orleans Social vulnerability Temporary housing

Zinc-mediated reactions on salicylaldehyde for Botrytis cinerea control

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Chinese Chemical letters 2020年第3期31卷 706-710页

作者： Antoine Franche claire Imbs Antoine Fayeulle Franck Merlier Muriel Billamboz Estelle léonard Sorbonne University Universitéde technologie de CompiègneESCOMEA TIMR 4297Centre de recherche de RoyallieuCS 6031960203 Compiègne cedexFrance ESCOM UTCEA TIMR 42971 allée du Réseau Jean-Marie Buckmaster60200 CompiègneFrance Sorbonne Universités Universitéde Technologie de CompiègneGénie Enzymatique et Cellulaire(GEC)UMR-CNRS 7025CS 6031960203 Compiègne CedexFrance laboratoire de chimie durable et santé Yncrea Hauts-de-FranceHEI13 rue de Toul59046 Lille CedexFrance

Botrytis cinerea is a necrotrophic fungusth at a ffects various plant *** control is an ecessity and as much as possible,eco-friendly conditions and bioresources to obtain these chemicals should be *** this context,a series of products w as obtained from salicylaldehyde using zinc as a powerful reagent and tested for antifungal activity against Botrytis cinerea.

关键词： Salicylaldehyde Zinc-mediated reactions Green solvents Alkoxymethylphenol PEG-cresol Botrytis cinerea control

Mechanisms and treatment strategies of demyelinating and dysmyelinating Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第9期18卷 1931-1939页

作者： Nadège Hertzog claire Jacob Faculty of Biology Institute of Developmental Biology and NeurobiologyJohannes Gutenberg University MainzHanns-Dieter-Hüsch-WegMainzGermany

Schwann cells,the myelinating glia of the peripheral nervous system,wrap axons multiple times to build their myelin *** is of paramount importance for axonal integrity and fast axon potential ***,myelin is lacking or dysfunctional in several neuropathies including demyelinating and dysmyelinating Charcot-M arie-To oth ***-Marie-To oth disease represents the most prevalent inherited neuropathy in humans and is classified either as axonal,demyelinating or dysmyelinating,or as *** demyelinating or dysmyelinating forms of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease constitute the majority of the disease cases and are most frequently due to mutations in the three following myelin genes:peripheral myelin protein 22,myelin protein ze ro and gap junction beta 1(coding for Connexin 32) causing Charcot-M arie-Tooth disease type 1A,Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1B,and X-linked Charcot-M arie-Tooth disease type 1,*** resulting perturbation of myelin structure and function leads to axonal demyelination or dysmyelination and causes severe disabilities in affected *** treatment to cure or slow down the disease progression is currently available on the market,howeve r,scientific discoveries led to a better understanding of the pathomechanisms of the disease and to potential treatment *** this review,we describe the features and molecular mechanisms of the three main demyelinating or dysmyelinating forms of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease,the rodent models used in research,and the emerging therapeutic approaches to cure or counteract the progression of the disease.

关键词： Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease rodent models emerging treatments demyelination and dysmyelination endoplasmic reticulum stress gene therapy myelin repair Schwann cells unfolded protein response

Dairy sheep production research at the University of Wisconsin-Madison,USA-a review

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2014年第2期5卷 127-138页

作者： David l Thomas Yves M Berger Brett C McKusick claire M Mikolayunas University of Wisconsin-Madison Department of Animal Sciences Spooner Agricultural Research Station Current address:Merial ltd Midwest Organic Services Association ViroquaWisconsinUSA

Commercial milking of sheep is a new agricultural industry in the United States starting approximately 30 yr ago. The industry is still small, but it is growing. The majority of the sheep milk is used in the production of specialty cheeses. The United States is the major importer of sheep milk cheeses with 50 to 60% of annual world exports coming to the United States during the past 20 yr. Therefore, there is considerable growth potential for the industry in the United States. The only dairy sheep research flock in North America is located at the Spooner Agricultural Research Station of the University of Wisconsin-Madison. The research program started in 1993 and has been multifaceted; dealing with several areas important to commercial dairy sheep farmers. The East Friesian and lacaune dairy breeds were compared and introduced to the industry through the research program. Both dairy breeds produced significantly more milk than traditional meat-wool breeds found in the U.S., but the two breeds differed in their production traits. East Friesian-cross ewes produced more lambs and slightly more milk than lacaune-cross ewes whereas lacaune-cross ewes produced milk with a higher percentage of fat and protein than East Friesian-cross ewes. lactation physiology studies have shown that ewes with active corpora lutea have increased milk yields, oxytocin release during milking is required to obtain normal fat percentages in the milk, large udder cisterns of dairy ewes can allow for increased milking intervals, and short daylengths during late pregnancy results in increased milk yield. In the nutrition area, legume-grass pastures and forages with a higher percentage of legume will result in increased milk production. Grazing ewes respond to additional supplementation with increased milk yield, but it is important to match the supplement to the quality of the grazing. Ewes on high quality legume-grass pastures that are high in rumen degradable protein respond with increased milk

关键词： Dairy sheep East Friesian Grazing lacaune lactation physiology Nitrogen efficiency RDP RUP Supplementation

The crosstalk between autophagy and apoptosis: where does this lead?

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Protein & Cell 2012年第1期3卷 17-27页

作者： claire Gordy You-Wen He Department of Immunology Duke University Medical CenterDurhamNC 27710USA

Recent advances in the understanding of the molecular processes contributing to autophagy have provided insight into the relationship between autophagy and *** contrast to the concept of“autophagic cell death,”accumulating evidence suggests that autophagy serves a largely cytoprotective role in physiologically relevant *** cytoprotective function of autophagy is mediated in many circumstances by negative modulation of *** signaling,in turn,serves to inhibit *** the mechanisms mediating the complex counter-regulation of apoptosis and autophagy are not yet fully understood,important points of crosstalk include the interactions between Beclin-1 and Bcl-2/Bcl-xl and between FADD and Atg5,caspase-and calpain-mediated cleavage of autophagy-related proteins,and autophagic degradation of *** investigation of these and other means of crosstalk between apoptosis and autophagy is necessary to elucidate the mechanisms controlling the balance between survival and death both under normal conditions and in diseases including cancer.

关键词： autophagy apoptosis Beclin-1 lymphocytes