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P53-regulated autophagy and its impact on drug resistance and cell fate

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Cancer Drug Resistance 2021年第1期4卷 85-95页

作者： Daeun Shim Lei Duan carl G.Maki Department of Cell and Molecular Medicine Rush University Medical CenterChicagoIL 60612USA

Wild-type p53 is a stress-responsive transcription factor and a potent tumor suppressor.P53 inhibits the growth of incipient cancer cells by blocking their proliferation or inducing their death through *** is a self-eating process that plays a key role in response to *** autophagy,organelles and other intracellular components are degraded in autophagolysosomes and the autophagic breakdown products are recycled into metabolic and energy producing pathways needed for survival.P53 can promote or inhibit autophagy depending on its subcellular localization,mutation status,and the level of *** autophagy has been reported in several studies to increase p53-mediated apoptosis,revealing that autophagy can influence cell-fate in response to activated p53 and is a potential target to increase p53-dependent tumor suppression.

关键词： Autophagy histone methylation metabolism

Robust cost efficacy of a novel,validated screening test at 12–20 Weeks gestation for the prediction of preterm birth(PTB)at or before 32 Weeks in singletons

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Gynecology and Obstetrics clinical Medicine 2021年第3期1卷 107-111页

作者： Robert H.Lee carl P.Weiner Departments of Population Health University of Kansas School of MedicineUSA Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Molecular and Integrative Physiology University of Kansas School of MedicineKansas CityKS66160USA

Objective:Preterm birth(PTB)at or before 32 weeks complicates up to 2%of United States(US)births and accounts for 80%of perinatal expenditures in the first year of *** screening tests for PTB performed from 12 weeks to 19 weeks 5 days have receiver operated area under the curve(AUC)indices ofclampsia before 34 weeks(EOP).FutureBIRTH™is supported by multiple validation studies derived from 12 weeks to 19 weeks 5 days gestation achieving AUCs of 84.2%for sPTB and 94.1%for ***:Using the US rates for EOP(0.5%)and sPTB≦32 weeks(1.8%)and adjusting the US pregnancy/neonatal medical costs to US dollars(2017 value),we calculated the cost per 100,000 singletons with or without universal FutureBIRTH™testing before 19 weeks and 6 days using three detection rates and assuming screenpositive women would be treated with and respond to aspirin(assumed 80%efficacy for EOP)and vaginal progesterone(assumed 38%efficacy for sPTB).We also assessed test performance at disease incidence rates below that of the US(down to 0.46%).For considering screening costs,we assumed test costs of$750,and treatment costs of$1000 for patients over 20 weeks gestational ***:The identification and treatment of‘at-risk’pregnancies by FutureBIRTH™with existing therapies would reduce direct healthcare costs by up to$95 million per 100,000 *** projected savings were robust and achievable at each FutureBIRTH™price despite the conservative costs,efficacy,and detection rate *** incidence of PTB≦32 weeks would decline by 40%–50%with a test cost of$750 and an 80%detection ***:The accurate risk assessment provided by universal FutureBIRTH™screening coupled with existing preventative treatments could lea

关键词： Pregnancy Preterm birth Transcriptome Plasma RNA Precision medicine

Implications of CMS analysis of photon-photon interactions for photon PDFs

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Chinese Physics C 2018年第11期42卷 1-7页

作者： Pazilet Obul Mamut Ababekri Sayipjamal Dulat Joshua Isaacson carl Schmidt C.-P. Yuan School of Physics Science and Technology Xinjiang University Urumqi Xinjiang 830046 China Center for Theoretical Physics Xinjiang University Urumqi Xinjiang 830046 China Department of Physics and Astronomy Michigan State University East Lansing MI 48824 USA Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory Batavia IL 60510 USA

As part of a recent analysis of exclusive two-photon production of W＋W- pairs at the LHC, the CMS experiment used di-lepton data to obtain an ＂effective＂ photon-photon luminosity. We show how the CMS analysis on their 8 TeV data, along with some assumptions about the likelihood for events in which the proton breaks up to pass the selection criteria, can be used to significantly constrain the photon parton distribution functions, such as those from the CTEQ, MRST, and NNPDF collaborations. We compare the data with predictions using these photon distributions, as well as the new LUXqed photon distribution. We study the impact of including these data on the NNPDF2.3QED, NNPDF3.0QED and CT14QEDinc fits. We find that these data place a useful and complementary cross-check on the photon distribution, which is consistent with the LUXqed prediction while suggesting that the NNPDF photon error band should be significantly reduced. Additionally, we propose a simple model for describing the two-photon production of W^＋W^- at the LHC. Using this model, we constrain the number of inelastic photons that remain after the experimental cuts are applied.

关键词： applications of electroweak models to specific processes summation of perturbation theory inclusive production with identified leptons photons or other nonhadronic particles

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Multitemporal landslide inventory analysis of an intertropical mountain in west-central Mexico——Basis for hazard management

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Journal of Mountain Science 2022年第6期19卷 1650-1669页

作者： Alejandro Cesar VALDES CARRERA Manuel E.MENDOZA Teodoro carlÓN ALLENDE Jose Luis MACIAS Centro de Investigaciones en Geografia Ambiental Universidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoMorelia 58190Mexico Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia-Instituto de Geofisica-Unidad Michoacan Universidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoMorelia 58190Mexico Instituto de Geofisica-Unidad Michoacan Universidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoMorelia 58190Mexico

Landslides in intertropical mountainous areas of Mexico are a natural hazard that could potentially generate a disaster. Despite this, many areas lack landslide inventories, making it difficult to monitor and efficiently manage the associated risks for local populations. For this reason, the aim of this research was to undertake a multitemporal landslide inventory and analyze its conditioning factors in the Pico de Tancítaro stratovolcano, which, in recent decades, has presented several high-risk geomorphological events with disastrous consequences for nearby localities. The spatial distribution of landslides and its conditioning factors were mapped at a 1:50,000 scale for the 1995-2020 period, through visual interpretation of orthophotos and satellite images(Landsat, SPOT, and SENTINEL). The conditioning factors that link the most to landslides were Quaternary andesite and basaltic andesite rocks;volcanic cones, mountain river valleys, and very steep to steep slopes(30° to >45°), oriented to the South, North, and East;Andosols and Leptosols;and the oyamel fir and mixed forests. 505 landslide events classified into slides and flows that occurred in 1995, 2004, 2010, and 2015 were identified. New scars generated by the reactivation of landslide processes were also observed. The landslides in the study area were triggered by torrential rains caused by hurricanes and tropical storms;such as hurricanes Alex and Patricia. The inventory and analysis of conditioning factors highlighted the distribution and dynamics of slides and flows in the study area. In addition, the most important factors for studies of landslide susceptibility, hazards, and risks in the Pico de Tancítaro stratovolcano were identified, contributing to the management of geomorphological risks in intertropical mountain areas.

关键词： Geomorphology Mass wasting Natural hazards Pico de Tancítaro stratovolcano Risk management

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A Hunter-Gatherer Exercise Prescription to Optimize Health and Well-Being in the Modern World

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Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 2021年第2期3卷 147-157页

作者： Evan L.O’Keefe carl J.Lavie Ochsner clinical School The University of Queensland School of MedicineNew OrleansLAUSA Department of Cardiovascular Diseases John Ochsner Heart and Vascular Institute1514 Jefferson HighwayNew OrleansLA 70121-2483USA

There has been considerable innovation and advancement in the field of exercise and physical activity (PA).In regards to the battle against chronic non-communicable disease,however,we believe the model of PA that would prove most salu-tary is one closely mimicking that of our hunter-gatherer *** the purpose of longevity,the human body and our genetic makeup have been evolutionarily adapted to respond best to moderate amounts of high-intensity interval training,in conjunction with high amounts of low intensity ***,to optimize resiliency and cardiorespiratory fitness,a hunter-gatherer fitness regimen must include cross training targeted at flexibility,balance and *** not com-monly understood,the health benefits from exercise comprise a reverse *** endurance athletes residing on the furthest reaches of the PA spectrum appear to lose a substantial portion of the exercise-related longevity and cardiovascular benefits due to cardiac overuse ***,there is an emerging body of evidence suggesting leisure time exercise done with peers in a natural environment is significantly superior to that training done in *** idea of the "power of play" lends support to the ancestral model of PA whereby humans are evolutionary adapted to be highly social,outdoor creatures capable of a diverse range of PA at varying intensities.

关键词： Hunter-gatherer Cardiovascular disease Physical activity Exercise

Schistosomiasis is more prevalent than previously thought:what does it mean for public health goals,policies,strategies,guidelines and intervention programs?

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2017年第1期6卷 540-547页

作者： Daniel G.Colley Tamara S.Andros carl H.Campbell Jr Schistosomiasis Consortium for Operational Research and Evaluation(SCORE) Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases(CTEGD)University of Georgia500 DW Brooks DriveRoom 330B Coverdell CenterAthensGeorgia 30602USA Department of Microbiology University of GeorgiaAthensGeorgia 30602USA

Mapping and diagnosis of infections by the three major schistosome species(Schistosoma haematobium,*** and ***)has been done with assays that are known to be specific but increasingly insensitive as prevalence declines or in areas with already low prevalence of *** becomes a true challenge to achieving the goal of elimination of schistosomiasis because the multiplicative portion of the life-cycle of schistosomes,in the snail vector,favors continued transmission as long as even a few people maintain low numbers of worms that pass eggs in their *** mapping tools based on detection of worm antigens(circulating cathodic antigen-CCA;circulating anodic antigen-CAA)in urine of those infected are highly sensitive and the CAA assay is reported to be highly *** these tools in areas of low prevalence of all three of these species of schistosomes has demonstrated that more people harbor adult worms than are regularly excreting eggs at a level detectable by the usual stool assay(Kato-Katz)or by urine *** very low prevalence areas this is sometimes 6-to10-fold *** with what appears to be a sizable population of“egg-negative/worm-positive schistosomiasis”especially in areas of very low prevalence,national NTD programs are confounded about what guidelines and strategies they should enact if they are to proceed toward a goal of *** is a critical need for continued evaluation of the assays involved and to understand the contribution of this“egg-negative/worm-positive schistosomiasis”condition to both individual morbidity and community *** is also a critical need for new guidelines based on the use of these more sensitive assays for those national NTD programs that wish to move forward to strategies designed for elimination.

关键词： Schistosomiasis mansoni Circulating cathodic antigen Kato-Katz Mapping Diagnosis

Bt Cotton in China:Are Secondary Insect Infestations Offsetting the Benefits in Farmer Fields?

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2009年第1期8卷 83-90页

作者： WANG Zi-jun LIN Hai HUANG Ji-kun HU Rui-fa Scott Rozelle carl Pray Center for Chinese Agricultural Policy Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 P.R. China College of Economics and Management China Agricultural University Beijing 100083 P.R. China Shorenstein Asia-Pacific Research Center Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies Stanford University Stanford CA 94305 USA Department of Agriculture Food and Resource Economics Rutgers University New Brunswick NJ 08901-8520 USA

The area sown to Bt cotton has expanded rapidly in China since 1997. It has effectively controlled the bollworm. However, in recent years, concern has surfaced about the emergence of secondary insect pests, particular mirids, in Bt cotton fields. This study measures the patterns of insecticide use based on farm-level from 1999 to 2006, the analysis demonstrates a rise in insecticide use to control mirids between 2001 and 2004, secondary insect infestations is largely related to the rise of mirids, but this rising did not continue in more than half of sample villages studied in 2004-2006. Moreover, the increase in insecticide use for the control of secondary insects is far smaller than the reduction in total insecticide use due to Bt cotton adoption. Further econometric analyses show that rise and fall of mirids is largely related to local temperature and rainfall.

关键词： Bt cotton secondary insect mirid China

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Sit ups do not Reduce Fat

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新高考(英语进阶) 2017年第Z2期 66-67页

作者： carl

词数:400阅读难度:★★★☆☆建议阅读时间:5分钟Plenty of us have spent time sweating it out at the gym,doing sit-ups and crunches till our muscles cramp,with the aim of getting washboard abs(abdominal muscles肌肉抽筋).B... 详细信息

关键词： Sit ups do not Reduce Fat

Impact of post harvest treatment on antioxidant activity and phenolic profile of Moringa oleifera lam leaves

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Food Production, Processing and Nutrition 2021年第1期3卷 296-311页

作者： Edith N.Fombang Pierre Nobossé carl M.F.Mbofung Damanpreet Singh Department of Food Science and Nutrition National School of Agro-Industrial SciencesENSAIUniversity of NgaoundereP.O.Box 455NgaoundereAdamawa RegionCameroon Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource TechnologyPalampurHimachal Pradesh 176061India

Moringa oleifera leaves are an important source of dietary phytochemicals,such as flavonoids with high antioxidant activity(AOA).These components are however influenced by the post-harvest treatments applied as well as the processing ***,it is crucial to determine the most appropriate post-harvest treatment that preserves or enhances *** this effect the influence of steam blanching,fermentation/oxidation,oven drying and roasting of fresh Moringa leaves on their AOA was *** conditions of time and temperature for each treatment were optimised using response surface *** effect of the different treatments at optimal conditions on phenolic profile and AOA were *** achieved the most significant(pment in phenolics(43%)and AOA(22–31%),which was accompanied by the formation of 2 new compounds,quercetin-3-O-acetylglucoside and *** blanching had the most deleterious effect on phenolics(-31%)and ***-harvest treatments qualitatively and quantitatively affect phytochemical profile of Moringa leaves.

关键词： Moringa oleifera leaves Post harvest treatment Optimisation(response surface methodology) Phenolic profile Antioxidant activity