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Identification, pathogenicity, and fungicide sensitivity of Eutiarosporella dactylidis associated with leaf blight on maize in China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第3期23卷 888-900页

作者： Cheng Guo Xiaojie Zhang Baobao wang Zhihuan Yang Jiping Li Shengjun Xu chunming wang Zhijie Guo Tianwang Zhou Liu Hong Xiaoming wang Canxing Duan Institute of Plant Protection Gansu Academy of Agricultural SciencesLanzhou 730070China Pratacultural College Gansu Agricultural UniversityLanzhou 730070China Shijiazhuang Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences Shijiazhuang 050050China Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBejing 100081China

Maize(Zea mays L.) is an economically vital grain crop that is cultivated worldwide. In 2011, a maize foliar disease was detected in Lingtai and Lintao counties in Gansu Province, China. The characteristic signs and symptoms of this disease include irregular chlorotic lesions on the tips and edges of infected leaves and black punctate fruiting bodies in dead leaf tissues. Given favourable environmental conditions, this disease spread to areas surrounding Gansu. In this study, infected leaves were collected from Gansu and Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region between 2018and 2020 to identify the disease-causing pathogen. Based on morphological features, pathogenicity tests, and multilocus phylogenetic analysis involving internal transcribed spacer(ITS), 18S small subunit rDNA(SSU), 28S large subunit rDNA(LSU), translation elongation factor 1-alpha(TEF), and β-tubulin(TUB) sequences, Eutiarosporella dactylidis was identified as the causative pathogen of this newly discovered leaf blight. Furthermore, an in vitro bioassay was conducted on representative strains using six fungicides, and both fludioxonil and carbendazim were found to significantly inhibit the mycelial growth of E. dactylidis. The results of this study provide a reference for the detection and management of Eutiarosporella leaf blight.

关键词： maize leaf blight morphology molecular phylogeny Eutiarosporella dactylidis fungicide sensitivity

Limited Sea Surface Temperature Cooling Due to the Barrier Layer Promoting Super Typhoon Mangkhut(2018)

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第11期 2156-2172页

作者： Huipeng wang Jiagen LI Junqiang SONG Liang SUN Fu LIU Han ZHANG Kaijun REN Huizan wang chunming wang Jinrong ZHANG Hongze LENG College of Meteorology and Oceanography National University of Defense Technology School of Earth and Space Sciences University of Science and Technology of China State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics Second Institute of OceanographyMinistry of Natural Resources Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai)

This study investigates the impact of the salinity barrier layer(BL) on the upper ocean response to Super Typhoon Mangkhut(2018) in the western North Pacific. After the passage of Mangkhut, a noticeable increase(～0.6 psu) in sea surface salinity and a weak decrease(< 1°C) in sea surface temperature(SST) were observed on the right side of the typhoon track. Mangkhut-induced SST change can be divided into the three stages, corresponding to the variations in BL thickness and SST before, during, and after the passage of Mangkhut. During the pre-typhoon stage, SST slightly warmed due to the entrainment of BL warm water, which suppressed the cooling induced by surface heat fluxes and horizontal advection. During the forced stage, SST cooling was controlled by entrainment, and the preexisting BL reduced the total cooling by 0.89°C d-1, thus significantly weakening the overall SST cooling induced by Mangkhut. During the relaxation stage, the SST cooling was primarily caused by the entrainment. Our results indicate that a preexisting BL can limit typhoon-induced SST cooling by suppressing the entrainment of cold thermocline water, which contributed to Mangkhut becoming the strongest typhoon in 2018.

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人工智能技术对医生工作量的影响研究

中国医院管理 2024年第1期44卷 67-71页

作者：阮观梅耿娜王春鸣上海交通大学安泰经济与管理学院中美物流研究院上海200240 上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院上海200127

目的基于2012—2021年我国31个省份的面板数据,分析人工智能技术发展水平对医生工作量的影响。方法采用MATLAB R2022b软件对医生工作量进行Kernel核密度估计,分析10年来医生工作量的变化情况;选择固定效应模型,借助Stata MP 17.0软件对... 详细信息

目的基于2012—2021年我国31个省份的面板数据,分析人工智能技术发展水平对医生工作量的影响。方法采用MATLAB R2022b软件对医生工作量进行Kernel核密度估计,分析10年来医生工作量的变化情况;选择固定效应模型,借助Stata MP 17.0软件对人工智能技术和医生工作量进行面板回归分析。结果当前,我国医生工作量存在严重的区域多级分化现象;人工智能辅助诊断、治疗和管理等技术均明显降低了医生工作量,但人工智能技术的负向影响存在区域性差异,在东部地区影响最明显,而在西部地区影响不明显;老龄化程度和个人健康投资均负向调节了人工智能辅助诊断技术与医生工作量的关系。结论人工智能尤其是人工智能辅助诊断技术对降低医生工作量具有重要作用,能够缓解我国老龄化背景下医疗资源不足以及分配不均等问题带来的压力,应给予高度重视。

关键词：医生工作量人工智能老龄化程度个人健康投资

鸭茅真小孢帽菌的生物学特性及甘肃中部主栽玉米品种的抗性评价

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应用与环境生物学报 2024年第1期30卷 111-117页

作者：郭成张小杰周天旺王春明洪流甘肃省农业科学院植物保护研究所兰州730070 甘肃农业大学草业学院兰州730070

为明确鸭茅真小孢帽菌(Eutiarosporella dactylidis)生物学特性及主栽玉米品种对其引起的叶枯病的田间抗病能力,从碳氮源、酸碱度及生长温度等方面对该病菌的生物学特性进行研究,并通过人工接种的方法对甘肃中部产区12个主栽玉米品种抗... 详细信息

为明确鸭茅真小孢帽菌(Eutiarosporella dactylidis)生物学特性及主栽玉米品种对其引起的叶枯病的田间抗病能力,从碳氮源、酸碱度及生长温度等方面对该病菌的生物学特性进行研究,并通过人工接种的方法对甘肃中部产区12个主栽玉米品种抗性进行分析评价.结果表明,该病菌的菌丝生长最适温度为25℃,形成分生孢子器的最适温度范围为15-25℃;菌落可在pH 4.0-12.0的培养基上生长,在pH 6.0时,菌落生长速度最快,偏酸条件有利于分生孢子器的形成;营养生长最适碳源和氮源分别为葡萄糖和酵母浸膏,氮源对产生分生孢子器的数量影响较显著,而碳源对其影响不显著;PDA和PSA有利于菌丝体生长和分生孢子器形成;14 h光照+10 h黑暗交替条件有利于菌丝扩展,而24 h紫外线有利于形成分生孢子器.12个供试玉米栽培品种对该病菌引起的叶枯病的抗性存在差异,病情指数为16.05-83.82;其中1个品种(登义2号)表现抗病(R),1个品种(诚信1号)表现中抗(MR),分别占8.33%;其余10个品种均表现感病(S),占83.33%.本研究表明鸭茅真小孢帽菌环境适应性广,生产上缺少抗病品种,该病害在甘肃玉米生产上存在潜在风险.(图6表5参16)

关键词：玉米鸭茅真小孢帽菌生物学特性抗性鉴定

图像视觉诱发电位自律空间频率刺激疗法联合左旋多巴对儿童屈光性弱视近立体视和视网膜黄斑厚度的影响

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中国药物与临床 2024年第15期24卷 990-994页

作者：陈锐王春明宁海县第一医院眼科浙江宁波315600

目的探讨图像视觉诱发电位自律空间频率刺激疗法(PVEP-CD)联合左旋多巴对儿童屈光性弱视近立体视改善情况和视网膜黄斑厚度的影响。方法选择2019年5月至2023年5月于宁海县第一医院进行诊治的屈光性弱视儿童124例,按治疗方法将其分为对照... 详细信息

目的探讨图像视觉诱发电位自律空间频率刺激疗法(PVEP-CD)联合左旋多巴对儿童屈光性弱视近立体视改善情况和视网膜黄斑厚度的影响。方法选择2019年5月至2023年5月于宁海县第一医院进行诊治的屈光性弱视儿童124例,按治疗方法将其分为对照组(62例)和研究组(62例)。2组弱视儿童均接受PVEP-CD综合疗法治疗,研究组在此基础上联合左旋多巴治疗。将2组患儿性别、年龄、近立体视锐度等级、最佳矫正视力(BCVA)等进行对比,对比2组患儿近立体视改善情况,不同年龄、弱视程度患儿近立体视改善情况,以及治疗前、治疗半年后黄斑中心凹各层厚度。结果治疗半年后,2组患儿近立体视均好转,其中研究组患儿的临床总有效率为85%(53/62),比对照组患儿的52%(32/62)高(χ^(2)=16.496,P0.05);轻度弱视患儿中,研究组患儿近立体视锐度改善有效率比对照组高,近立体视锐度提高等级比对照组高;治疗半年后2组患儿中心凹厚度均比治疗前下降,且研究组比对照组低,而副中心凹内层厚度、副中心凹外层厚度则比治疗前上升,且研究组比对照组高(均P<0.05)。结论PVEP-CD综合疗法联合左旋多巴应用于儿童屈光性弱视的治疗中,有效提高近立体视锐度等级,改善视网膜黄斑厚度,促进患儿视觉功能快速恢复,疗效显著。

关键词：诱发电位,视觉自律空间频率儿童弱视,屈光性视网膜黄斑

Functional magnetic nanoparticles for facile viable but nonculturable bacteria separation and purification

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2016年第6期10卷 123-128页

作者： chunming wang Huirong Lin Chengsong Ye Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health Institute of Urban Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Xiamen 361021 China

Viable But Nonculturable （VBNC） Bacteria, which represent a unique population of microorganisms in drinking water systems, have become a potential threat to human health. Current studies on VBNC ceils usually fail to obtain pure VBNC state bacteria, which may lead to inaccurate results. We therefore introduce a novel method of VBNC cell separation and puriticatlon in this paper. PAH-coated magnetic nanoparticles （MNPs） were synthesized and found to be capable of capturing and releasing bacterial cells with high efficiency. With the aid of an additional incubation step, VBNC cells were easily isolated and purified from normal bacteria using functional MNPs. Our method represents a new technique that can be utilized in studies of VBNCs.

关键词： Drinking water biosafety VBNC Nanoparticles Magnetic separation and purification

浙江洞头岛自由生活线虫两个优势种的形态描述及其系统发育分析

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海洋科学 2024年第4期48卷 45-52页

作者：郭文梁慧鑫吕艳伟王春明聊城大学生命科学学院山东聊城252059

为了了解浙江洞头岛自由生活线虫(Nematoda)的种类和多样性,作者对该海域线虫进行分类研究,发现了2个优势种并进行了重新描述。其中,丑萨巴线虫(Sabatieria foetida Gagarin&Nguyen Vu Thanh,2008)为一新纪录种,主要特征为:表皮具环状... 详细信息

为了了解浙江洞头岛自由生活线虫(Nematoda)的种类和多样性,作者对该海域线虫进行分类研究,发现了2个优势种并进行了重新描述。其中,丑萨巴线虫(Sabatieria foetida Gagarin&Nguyen Vu Thanh,2008)为一新纪录种,主要特征为:表皮具环状排列的小点,有较大的点组成的侧装饰,4根头刚毛较短(3~4μm),化感器呈螺旋状(2.5~3.0圈),交接刺细长,近端略膨大,中间开始至远端变细(65~69μm),引带具直的引带突(20~25μm),具13~15个小的乳突状肛前辅器;厦门后菱光线虫(Metachromadora xiamenensis Zhou,Zeng,Cai,Fu&Tan,2020)特征为:表皮具明显环纹,4根头刚毛短且粗,脊线由食道中部延伸至尾中部,双环状化感器位于身体最前端,交接刺近端具头状膨大(58~65μm),肛前辅器细管状(15个),尾为短圆锥形。同时,获得了两种线虫核糖体大亚基(LSU)的D2-D3片段序列数据,构建了两种线虫基于贝叶斯推论法(Bayesian inference,BI)和最大似然法(maximum likelihood,ML)的系统发育树,结果表明萨巴线虫属和后菱光线虫属表现出了多系进化的趋势。

关键词：丑萨巴线虫(Sabatieria foetida) 厦门后菱光线虫(Metachromadora xiamenensis) LSU 系统发育

Sabatieria sinica ***.(Comesomatidae,Nematoda) from Jiaozhou Bay,China

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2020年第2期38卷 539-544页

作者： ZHAI Hongxiu wang chunming HUANG Yong College of Life Sciences Liaocheng UniversityLiaocheng 252059China Key Laboratory of Ecology and Biodiversity of Shandong Colleges and University Liaocheng 252059China

A new free-living marine nematode species of the genus Sabatieria was documented from the sediment of the Jiaozhou Bay,Qingdao,China,and it has been named Sabatieria sinica *** is characterized by homogeneous cuticle without lateral differentiation,relatively short cephalic setae,spiral amphideal fovea with 2–2.25 turns;thick spicules with a mid constriction or joint,gubernaculum with a long straight dorso-caudal apophyses,and 6–7 prominent papillar precloacal *** new species could be distinguished from other congener species by the combination of its characteristics:body size,length of cephalic setae,number of amphid turns,structures of spicules and gubernaculum,and type and number of precloacal *** update dichotomous key is provided for nine species of pulchra group of Sabatieria including the new species.

关键词： new species free-living marine nematode taxonomy Jiaozhou Bay

Microstructures and fatigue properties of electron beam welds with beam oscillation for heavy section TC4-DT alloy

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2014年第4期27卷 1015-1021页

作者： Fu Pengfei Mao Zhiyong Zuo Congjin wang Yajun wang chunming College of Materials Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Science and Technology on Power Beam Processes Laboratory Beijing Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology Research Institute Institute of Mechanical Engineering and Automation Beihang University

With the development of the manufacturing technology, electron beam welding（EBW） is capable of producing titanium alloy large parts in aero fields. To increase the applications and improve the properties, EBW with beam oscillation was investigated on TC4-DT alloy with50 mm thickness. We detected the welding samples by X-ray NDT, observed the microstructures of the welds, and tested the fatigue properties of the joints. The results showed that EBW with beam oscillation improved the weld morphology as well as welding quality, and the microstructure homogeneity of the welds and HAZ along the weld penetration were also improved. The fatigue properties of the joints with beam oscillation were more excellent than those of conventional EBW, even equal to those of the base metal under high stresses. The influences of the processing and the microstructure on the properties with beam oscillation were discussed.

关键词： Beam oscillation Electron beam welding(EBW) Fatigue Microstructure Titanium alloy