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Decomposition Analysis of Sectoral Energy Use in Beijing (1981-2005) Using the LMDI Method

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Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment 2008年第2期6卷 49-54页

作者： liu chunlan Xie Gaodi Cai Bofeng Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Environmental Protection Beijing 100037 China Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China 不详

This paper aims to identify the main driving force for changes of total primary energy consumption in Beijing during the period of *** energy use was investigated when regional economic structure changed *** changes of total primary energy consumption in Beijing are decomposed into production effects,structural effects and intensity effects using the additive version of the logarithmic mean Divisia index (LMDI) *** decomposition analysis showed that the major contributor of total effect was made by the production effect fol- lowed by the intensity effect,and the structural effect was rela- tively *** total and production effects were all posi- *** contrast,the structural effect and intensity effect were all *** decomposition investigation indicated that the most effective way to slow down the growth rate of total primary energy consumption (TPEC) was to reduce the production of the energy-intensive industrial sectors and improving industrial en- ergy *** results show that in this period,Beijing's economy has undergone a transformation from an industrial to a service ***,the structures of sectoral energy use have not been changed yet,and energy demand should be in- creasing until the energy-intensive industrial production to be reduced and energy intensity of the region reaches a *** sequence energy consumption data of sub-sectors are not available, only the fundamental three sectors are considered:agriculture, industry and ***,further decomposition into secon- dary and tertiary sectors is definitely needed for detailed investi- gations.

关键词： decomposition sectoral energy consumption logarithmic mean Divisia index (LMDI) Beijing

Carbon storage of a subtropical forest ecosystem: a case study of the Jinggang Mountain National Nature Reserve in south-eastern China

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Journal of Forestry Research 2019年第3期30卷 1011-1021页

作者： Jiping Zhang Linbo Zhang Haiguang Hao chunlan liu Hui Wang Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Environmental Protection Beijing 100037People’s Republic of China Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Beijing 100012People’s Republic of China

The carbon cycle of forest ecosystems plays a key role in regulating CO2 concentrations in the atmosphere. Research on carbon storage estimation of forest ecosystems has become a major research topic. However, carbon budgets of subtropical forest ecosystems have received little attention. Reports of soil carbon storage and topographic heterogeneity of carbon storage are limited. This study focused on the Jinggang Mountain National Nature Reserve as an example of a mid-subtropical forest and evaluated soil and vegetation carbon storage by field sampling combined with GIS, RS and GPS technology. We classified the forest into nine forest types using ALOS high-resolution remote sensing images. The evergreen broad-leaved forest has the largest area, occupying 26.5% of the total area, followed by coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forests and warm temperate coniferous forest, occupying 24.2 and 22.9%, respectively. The vegetation and soil carbon storage of the whole forest ecosystem were 1,692,344 and 5,514,707 t, with a carbon density of 7.4 and 24.2 kg/m^2, respectively, which suggests that the ecosystem has great carbon storage capacity. The topographic heterogeneity of the carbon storage was also analysed. The largest vegetation storage and soil storage is at 700–800 and 1000–1100 m, respectively. The vegetation carbon storage is highest in the southeast, south and southwest.

关键词： Vegetation carbon storage Soil carbon storage Mid-subtropical forest ecosystem Jinggang Mountain National Nature Reserve

Stability　of　the　Dividing　Distribution　Function　Method　for　ParticleSize　Distribution　Analysis　in　Small　Angle　X－Ray　Scattering

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 1996年第1期3卷 51-52,63+54-55页

作者： Zhang Jinyuan liu chunlan Chen Yan Central Iron and Steel Research Institute Colorado School of Mines GoldenColorado 80410USA

The Dividing Distribution Function (DDF) method is one of the methods by which the particle size distribution of ultrafine powder can be evaluated from its small angle X-ray scattering data. In this paper, the stability of the solution obtained from DDF method has been investigated through optimizing the coefficient matrix, introducing a damping factor and a least square treatment. All calculations were accomplished with a microcomputer. It was shown that the average deviations of the size distribution obtained are not larger than the assigned random errors to the scattering intensities as long as the corresponding requirements are satisfied.

关键词： ultrafine powder particle size distribution small angle X-ray scattering dividing distribution function method

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Changes in foliar nitrogen resorption of Phyllostachys edulis with culm development

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Journal of Forestry Research 2019年第2期30卷 417-427页

作者： Changshun Zhang chunlan liu Wenyuan Zhang Gaodi Xie Shaohui Fan Na Li Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Environmental Protection College of Landscape and Art Jiangxi Agricultural University International Centre for Bamboo and Rattan University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Leaf nitrogen resorption is very important to Phyllostachys edulis development because the withdrawn nitrogen can help newly emerging and growing ***, few studies have focused on the ontogenetic changes in leaf nitrogen resorption of P. edulis. Here, we examined the variability in mature leaf nitrogen concentrations(Nm), nitrogen resorption efficiency(NRE) and proficiency(NRP or Ns) and leaf-level nitrogen use efficiency(NUE) of the current-, 3 rd-and 5 th-year culms in *** stands under extensive management. Analyses of variance and correlation indicated that patterns of Nm,NRP, NRE and NUE were markedly affected by culm age and leaf nitrogen status. Nm, Nsand NRE were significant higher in younger(current-year) culms with 1-year lifespan leaves, while NUE was markedly higher in older(3 rd-or 5 th-year) culms with 2-year lifespan leaves. Significant linear correlations between Nmand NRP, NRE and NUE,Nmand NUE, Nsand NRE were found for each culm age,and Nmwas significantly positively correlated to NRE for all culms pooled. Higher proficiency in older culms led to higher NUE and lower NRE, these relationships can be modulated by Nm, which in turn, is restrained by leaf N availability and acquisition. Our results revealed that at the intraspecific level, P. edulis can adjust its leaf NRE, NRP,and leaf-level NUE in concert with culm *** nitrogen resorption characteristics and NUE of P. edulis can help decision-makers design appropriate deforestation strategies and achieve precise N fertilization for sustainable bamboo forest management.

关键词： Phyllostachys edulis Nitrogen resorption efficiency Nitrogen resorption proficiency Nitrogen-use efficiency Extensive management Culm development Precision fertilization

Relationships between tree-ring cell features of Pinus koraiensis and climate factors in the Changbai Mountains,Northeastern China

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Journal of Forestry Research 2017年第1期28卷 105-114页

作者： Hui Wang Xuemei Shao Xiuqi Fang Yuan Jiang chunlan liu Qing Qiao Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Environmental Protection Beiying fangzhong StreetXicheng DistrictBeijing 100037China Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences11A DatunChaoyang DistrictBeijing 100101China School of Geography Beijing Normal UniversityXinjiekouwai StreetHaidian DistrictBeijing 100875China College of Resources Science and Technology Beijing Normal UniversityXinjiekouwai StreetHaidian DistrictBeijing 100875China

Anatomical characteristics have been proven useful for extracting climatic signals. To examine the climatic signals recorded by tree-ring cell features in the Changbai Mountains, we measured cell number and cell lumen diameter, in addition to ring widths, of Korean pine （Pinus koraiensis） tree rings at sites of varied elevation, and we developed chronologies of cell number （CN）, mean lumen diameter （MLD）, maximum lumen diameter （MAXLD） and tree-ring width （TRW）. The chronologies were correlated with climatic factors monthly mean tem- perature and the sum of precipitation. As shown by our analysis, the cell parameter chronologies were suitable for dendroclimatology studies. CN and TRW shared relatively similar climatic signals which differed from MLD and MAXLD, and growth-climate relationships were elevation- dependent, as shown by the following findings：（1） at each elevation, MLD and MAXLD recorded different monthly climatic signals from those recorded by TRW for the same climatic factors; and （2） MLD and MAXLD recorded cli- matic factors that were absent middle elevations. Cell lumen effective archive for improving for this study area. from TRW at lower and diameter proved to be an the climate reconstruction

关键词： Climate variability Cell features Pinuskoraiensis Dendroclimatology Growth-climaterelationships

Cascaded dual-channel fiber SPR temperature sensor based on liquid and solid encapsulations

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Chinese Physics B 2021年第10期30卷 252-260页

作者： Yong Wei Lingling Li chunlan liu Jiangxi Hu Yudong Su Ping Wu Xiaoling Zhao College of Electronic&Information Engineering Chongqing Three Gorges UniversityChongqing 404100China

In order to control the working wavelength range of the fiber surface plasmon resonance(SPR)temperature sensor and realize the wavelength division multiplexing type multi-channel fiber SPR temperature sensor,by comprehensively investigating the influence of liquids with different thermal-optical coefficients and solid packaging materials on the performance of fiber SPR temperature sensor,a dual-channel fiber SPR temperature sensor based on liquid-solid cascade encapsulation was designed and *** liquid temperature sensing stage encapsulated in capillary worked in 616.03 nm-639.05 nm band,the solid sensing stage coated with pouring sealant worked in 719.37 nm-825.27 nm band,and the two stages were cascaded to form a fiber dual-channel temperature *** testing results indicated that when the temperature range was 35℃-95℃,the sensitivity of two-stage temperature detection was−0.384 nm/℃and−1.765 nm/℃*** proposed fiber sensor has simple fabrication and excellent performance which can be widely used in various fields of dual-channel temperature measurement and temperature compensation.

关键词： surface plasmon resonance(SPR) temperature sensor liquid-solid cascade dual channel

The Establishment and Validation of the Human U937 Cell Line as a Cellular Model to Screen Immunomodulatory Agents Regulating Cytokine Release Induced by Influenza Virus Infection

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Virologica Sinica 2019年第6期34卷 648-661页

作者： Ge liu Si Chen Ao Hu Li Zhang Wenyu Sun Jungang Chen Wei Tang Haiwei Zhang chunlan liu Chang Ke Xulin Chen State Key Laboratory of Virology Wuhan Institute ofVirologyChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430071China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Wuhan Virolead Biopharmaceutical Company Wuhan 430075China

Severe influenza infections are often associated with the excessive induction of pro-inflammatory cytokines,which is also referred to as"cytokine storms".Several studies have shown that cytokine storms are directly associated with influenzainduced fatal acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress *** to the narrow administration window,current antiviral therapies are often *** efforts to use immunomodulatory agents alone or in combination with antiviral agents in the treatment of influenza in animal models have resulted in the achievement of protective effects accompanied with reduced cytokine ***,there are no immunomodulatory drugs for influenza available for clinical *** models,despite being ideal to study the anti-inflammatory responses to influenza virus infection,are very costly and ***,there is an urgent need to establish fast and economical screening methods using cellbased models to screen and develop novel immunomodulatory *** this study,we screened seven human cell lines and found that the human monocytic cell U937 supports the replication of different subtypes of influenza viruses as well as the production of the important pro-inflammatory cytokines and was selected to develop the cell-based *** U937 cell model was validated by testing a panel of known antiviral and immunomodulatory agents and screening a drug library consisting of 1280 compounds comprised mostly of FDA-approved *** demonstrated that the U937 cell model is robust and suitable for the high-throughput screening of immunomodulators and antivirals against influenza infection.

关键词： Influenza Immunomodulatory agent U937 cell CCL2 CXCL10

Fiber cladding SPR bending sensor characterized by two parameters

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Chinese Physics B 2020年第12期29卷 205-211页

作者： chunlan liu Jiangxi Hu Yong Wei Yudong Su Ping Wu Lingling Li Xiaoling Zhao College of Electronic&Information Engineering Chongqing Three Gorges UniversityChongqing 404100China College of Electronic Engineering Heilongjiang UniversityHarbin 150080China

A fiber cladding surface plasmon resonance(SPR)bending sensor is realized by the cladding of the fiber *** employing coating film,the sensing zone is protected and the toughness of the sensor *** different sensing probes are tested,the experiment results indicate that the two parameters(wavelength sensitivity and light intensity sensitivity)sensing performances of the eccentric butt joint structures are superior to that of hetero-core structure,and the SPR bending sensor based on hetero-core structure is stable and uneasy to *** employing hetero-core fiber and silver film,a fiber cladding SPR bending sensor with better stabilization and sensing performance is *** proposed fabricating method of sensing probe with coating film provides a new approach for fiber SPR-distributed bending sensor.

关键词： surface plasmon resonance(SPR) bending sensor eccentric butt joint hetero-core fiber

Research on the Patterns and Evolution of Ecosystem Service Consumption in Nepal

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Journal of Resources and Ecology 2022年第5期13卷 870-879页

作者： ZHANG Changshun liu chunlan ZHEN Lin Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China School of Resource and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049 China Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Eco-Environmental Protection Beijing 100037China

The study of ecosystem service consumption(ESC)in Nepal not only helps us to understand the intensity and management level of Nepal’s ecosystem utilization,but also provides scientific data support for the establishment and planning of China’s aid to *** on the data of food consumption and forestry production and trade,this study dynamically investigated the consumption levels,structure and ecological consumption patterns of farmland,forest,grassland,water and the integrated ecosystem in Nepal and their main driving forces,using the physical quantity accounting *** results showed that the total consumption of farmland,forest,grassland,water and the integrated ecosystem in Nepal from 1961 to 2018 exhibited a fluctuating increase,with average value of 7.26 Tg yr^(-1),6.38 Tg yr^(-1),1.10 Tg yr^(-1),0.02 Tg yr^(-1) and 14.76 Tg yr^(-1),*** annual per capita forest consumption roughly decreased,while the annual per capita consumption of farmland,grassland,waters and integrated ecosystems mostly increased with their growth rates *** corresponding ecological consumption patterns were the“Log-Cereal-Milk”mode during 1961-1984,the“Log-Cereal-Vegetable-Root-Milk-Sugar”mode during 1985-2007 and the“Log-Cereal-Vegetable-Root-Sugar-Fruit-Milk”mode during *** study indicated that the supply capacity of the ecosystem(production,import and export capacity)and socio-economic factors(population density,per capita GDP and religious beliefs)are the main driving forces that are restricting the evolution of Nepal’s ecological consumption *** Nepal’s dietary structure has improved significantly,there is still a large gap between it and the standard of a balanced *** supply capacities of fruits,meat,eggs,milk and aquatic products should be enhanced to meet people’s demand for a balanced *** study can provide data support for the establishment of China’s aid projects to improve Nepal’s livelihood.

关键词： ecosystem services ecosystem services consumption ecosystem service consumption pattern Nepal