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Discovery of microchromosomes in wheat and their special behavior in meiosis

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chinese Science Bulletin 1997年第24期42卷 2084-2087页

作者： XU Qi, YU Ling, TIAN Zengrong, zhu Jianfeng, LI Bin and LI Zhensheng laboratory of plant Genetic Engineering and Breeding of Shaanxi Province, Northwestern institute of Botany, chinese academy of sciences, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, china 2. state key laboratory of plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, institute of Genetics, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100101, china laboratory of plant Genetic Engineering and Breeding of Shaanxi Province Northwestern Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Yangling Shaanxi China state key laboratory of plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering Institute of Genetics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

TheRE are 42 chromosomes in common wheat (Triticum aestivum L). The extra microchro-mosomes were discovered in alloplasmic lines of common wheat with cytoplasms of Ae. muti-ca, Secale cereale, Elytrigia elongatum and Agropyron glaucum. The microchromo-somes were discovered in amphiploid of Triticum aestivum-Secale cereale (DDRR) too.

关键词： wheat microchromosomes behavior in meiosis.

Biosystematic studies on Adenophora potaninii ***(Campanulaceae) V.A taxonomic treatment

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Journal of Systematics and Evolution 2010年第6期48卷 445-454页

作者： Song GE De-Yuan HONG(state key laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany,institute of Botany,chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100093,china) (state key laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100093 China)

Adenophora is an extremely variable genus,and its taxonomy is very *** the genus,Adenophora potaninii complex,including ***,***,***,***,***,***,and *** ***,is a typical group with different taxonomical treatments due to high level of morphological *** carried out extensive biosystematic studies based on population sampling,transplantation experiments and offspring tests,cluster analysis,and a crossing *** results reveal four main findings.(i) Leaf forms of the *** complex were extremely polymorphic;the leaf form of *** and ***,and that of *** and *** could be found,respectively,on a single population or among the offsprings of a single plant.(ii) Cluster analysis and a crossing experiment indicated that *** and *** could not be separated from ***,nor *** from ***.(iii) Adenophora potaninii and *** were gradational in morphology and their compatibility value was slightly reduced compared to that within each entity.(iv) Adenophora lobophylla was distinct from the other members of the complex in shape and size of corolla,relative length of style,and shape of *** species was incompatible reproductively with the other members of the complex,but partly compatible with ***,a species in another ***,we recognized only one species with two subspecies in the complex,*** *** and ***,moved *** out of the complex,and reduced all the other names as new synonyms.

关键词： Adenophora potaninii biosystematics populations species complex taxonomy.

Functional evolutionary developmental biology (evo-devo) of morphological novelties in plants

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Journal of Systematics and Evolution 2010年第2期48卷 94-101页

作者： Jisi ZHANG Ying TIAN Li WANG Chaoying he (state key laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany,institute of Botany,chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100093,china) (state key laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100093 China)

The origin of morphological and ecological novelties is a long-standing problem in evolutionary *** these processes requires investigation from both the development and evolution standpoints,which promotes a new research field called "evolutionary developmental biology" (evo-devo).The fundamental mechanism for the origin of a novel structure may involve heterotopy,heterochrony,ectopic expression,or loss of an existing regulatory ***,the morphological and ecological traits controlled by the regulatory genes may be gained,lost,or regained during *** morphological novelties,for example,include homeotic alterations (related to organ identity),symmetric diversity,and changes in the size and morphology of the floral *** gains and losses can potentially arise through modification of the existing regulatory ***,we review current knowledge concerning the origin of novel floral structures,such as "evolutionary homeotic mutated flowers",floral symmetry in various plant species,and inflated calyx syndrome (ICS) within *** evo-devo of the morphological novelties is a central theme of plant evolutionary *** addition,the discussion is extended to consider agronomic or domestication-related traits,including the type,size,and morphology of fruits (berries),within Solanaceae.

关键词： biodiversity development evolution functional evo-devo heterochrony heterotopy morphological novelty

Utilization of blue-grained character in wheat breeding derived from Thinopyrum poticum

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Journal of Genetics and genomics 2009年第9期36卷 575-580页

作者： Qi Zheng, Bin Li, Hongwei Li, Zhensheng Li The state key laboratory of plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100101, china The state key laboratory of plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China

The blue grain trait in common wheat （Triticum aestivum L., 2n = 6x = 42, AABBDD）, which is caused by blue pigments in the aleurone layer, was originally derived from the tall wheatgrass （Thinopyrum ponticum Liu ＆ Wang = Agropyron elongatum, 2n = 10x = 70, StStStStEeEeEbEbEXEx） during chromosome engineering research. Over the last few decades, there have been continued interests in the genetic mechanism of this blue coloration and the practical utilization of the blue aleurone character as a phenotypic marker. This article reviews the research history and the recent progress of the studies on blue-grained wheat, with emphases on genetic and biochemical analysis and practical applications of blue-grained wheat.

关键词： Triticum aestivum Thinopyrum ponticum blue-grained character translocation

LEAFY heAD2,which encodes a putative RNA-binding protein,regulates shoot development of rice

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Cell Research 2006年第3期16卷 267-276页

作者： Guo Sheng Xiong~(1,3) Xing Ming Hu~2 Yong Qing Jiao~1 Yan Chun Yu~1 Cheng Cai Chu~1 Jia Yang Li~1 Qian Qian~2 Yong Hong Wang~11 state key laboratory of plant genomics and National Center for plant Gene Research,institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology,chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100101,china 2 state key laboratory of Rice Biology,china National Rice Research institute,chinese academy of Agricultural sciences,Hangzhou 310006,china 3 Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100049,china state key laboratory of plant genomics and National Center for plant Gene Research Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences Beijing China state key laboratory of Rice Biology China National Rice Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Hangzhou China

During vegetative development,higher plants continuously form new leaves in regular spatial and temporal *** with abnormal leaf developmental patterns not only provide a great insight into understanding the regulatorymechanism of plant architecture,but also enrich the ways to its modification by which crop yield could be ***,we reported the characterization of the rice leafy-head2 (lhd2) mutant that exhibits shortened plastochron,dwarfism,reduced tiller number,and failure of phase transition from vegetative to reproductive *** and histologicalstudy revealed that the rapid emergence of leaves in lhd2 was resulted from the rapid initiation ofleafprimordia whereasthe reduced tiller number was a consequence of the suppression of the tiller bud *** molecular and geneticanalysis showed that LHD2 encodes a putative RNA binding protein with 67% similarity to maize *** ofgenome-scale expression profiles between wild-type and lhd2 plants suggested that LHD2 may regulate rice shoot devel-opment through KNOXand hormone-related *** similar phenotypes caused by LHD2 mutation and the conservedexpression pattern of LHD2 indicated a conserved mechanism in controlling the temporal leaf initiation in grass.

关键词： phyllotaxy plastochron LHD2 RNA-binding protein stem elongation plant architecture Oryza sativa L

BUD2,encoding an S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase,is required for Arabidopsis growth and development

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Cell Research 2006年第5期16卷 446-456页

作者： Chunmin Ge~(1,2,*) Xia Cui~(1,2,*) Yonghong Wang~1 Yuxin Hu~3 Zhiming Fu~1 Dongfen Zhang~(1,2) zhukuan Cheng~1 Jiayang Li~1 ~1state key laboratory of plant genomics and National Center for plant Gene Research,institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology,chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100101,china ~2Graduate School,chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100101,china ~3institute of Botany,chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100093,china state key laboratory of plant genomics and National Center for plant Gene Research Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Graduate School Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

Polyamines are implicated in regulating various developmental processes in plants,but their exact roles and how theygovern these processes still remain *** report here an Arabidopsis bushy and dwarf mutant,bud2,which resultsfrom the complete deletion of one member of the small gene family that encodes S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylases(SAMDCs) necessary for the formation of the indispensable intermediate in the polyamine biosynthetic ***2 plant has enlarged vascular systems in inflorescences,roots,and petioles,and an altered homeostasis *** double mutant of bud2 and samdcl,a knockdown mutant of another SAMDC member,is embryo lethal,demonstrat-ing that SAMDCs are essential for plant *** results suggest that polyamines are required for the normalgrowth and development of higher plants.

关键词： BUD2 polyamines embryogenesis plant architecture Arabidopsis

Identification of a protein associated with circulative transmission of Barley yellow dwarf virus from cereal aphids, Schizaphis graminum and Sitobion avenae

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chinese Science Bulletin 2003年第19期48卷 2083-2087页

作者： WANG Xifeng & ZHOU Guanghe state key laboratory for Biology of plant Diseases and Insect Pests, institute of plant Protection, chinese academy of Agricultural sciences, beijing 100094, china state key laboratory for Biology of plant Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant Protection Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing China

Using 2-D electrophoresis and virus overlay assay, a 50-kDa protein (P50) exhibiting specific binding to purified virus particles of BYDV-GAV was found in the protein extracts from Schizaphis graminum and Sitobion avenae, two aphid species transmitting BYDV-GAV. P50 in the extracts of S. graminum was isolated by preparation electrophoresis and electro-eluted proteins from the gel slices for antiserum preparation. After feeding the antiserum through membrane, the transmission efficiencies of S. graminum and S. avenae for BYDV-GAV decreased significantly. It was suggested that P50 should be related with transmission pro- cess. Location of P50 was found at the plasma membrane surrounding the accessory salivary gland (ASG) in the head tissues of S. graminum by immunogold-labelling experiment. The ascertainment of the protein associated with virus transmission has a significance influence on further understanding the transmission mechanism and genetic engineering for resistant to vector transmission.

关键词：蛋白质大麦黄矮病麦蚜虫病虫害

Transgenic expression of DwMYB2 impairs iron transport from root to shoot in Arabidopsis thaliana

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Cell Research 2006年第10期16卷 830-840页

作者： Yan-Hong Chen~(1,2,3) Xue-Min wu~5 Hong-Qing Ling~4 Wei-Cai Yang~1 ~1The key laboratory of Molecular and Developmental Biology,institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology,chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100101 china ~2Graduate University of the chinese academy of sciences,19 Yuquan Road,beijing 100049,china ~3School of Life Science,Nantong University,Nantong 226007 china ~4The state key laboratory of plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering,institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology,chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100101,china The key laboratory of Molecular and Developmental Biology Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Graduate University of the chinese academy of sciences Beijing China School of Life Science Nantong University Nantong China Department of Botany University of British Columbia 6270 University Blvd. Vancouver Canada The state key laboratory of plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

In plant,iron uptake and homeostasis are tightly regulated to ensure its absorption from soil and to avoid excessiron in the *** genes involved in this process have been identified during past several years,but there are manyproblems remain unsolved in the genetic regulation of whole plant iron trafficking and *** transcriptionfactors contain tandem repeats of a～50 amino acid DNA-binding motif (R) and are involved in the regulation of manyaspects of plant development,hormone signaling and ***,we report that the ectopic expression of orchidR2R3-MYB gene DwMYB2 in Arabidopsis thaliana confers the transgenic plants hypersensitivity to iron *** DwMYB2 transgenic plants,the iron content in root is two-fold higher compared to that in wild-type root,while thereverse is true in *** imbalance of iron content in root and shoot suggested that the translocation of iron fromroot to shoot was affected by the expression of DwMYB2 in the transgenic ***,gene chip and reversetranscription-polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed that the ferric-chelate reductase gene,AtFRO2,and the irontransporter gene,AtIRT1 and AtIRT2,are up-regulated by DwMYB2 expression,while other potential iron transporterssuch as AtIREG1,AtFRD3 and NRAMP1 are *** addition,the expression of several putative peptidetransporters and transcription factors are also altered in the 35S::DwMYB2 transgenic *** data provide us insightinto the whole plant translocation of iron and identify candidate genes for iron homeostasis in plants despite the fact thata heterologous gene was expressed.

关键词： DwMYB2 iron uptake and homeostasis iron transporters Arabidopsis

Terrestrial transect study on driving mechanism of vegetation changes

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Science china Earth sciences 2008年第7期51卷 984-991页

作者： ZHANG YuJin1,2 & ZHOU GuangSheng1 1 state key laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, institute of Botany, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100093, china 2 Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100049, china state key laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences Beijing China

In terms of chinese climate-vegetation model based on the classification of plant functional types, to- gether with climatic data from 1951 to 1980 and two future climatic scenarios (SRES-A2 and SRES-B2) in china from the highest and the lowest emission scenarios of greenhouse gases, the distribution patterns of vegetation types and their changes along the Northeast china Transect (NECT) and the North-South Transect of Eastern china (NSTEC) were simulated in order to understand the driving mechanisms of vegetation changes under climatic change. The results indicated that the vegetation distribution patterns would change significantly under future climate, and the major factors driving the vegetation changes were water and heat. However, the responses of various vegetation types to the changes in water and heat factors were obviously different. The vegetation changes were more sensi- tive to heat factors than to water factors. Thus, in the future climate warming will significantly affect vegetation distribution patterns.

关键词： driving mechanism vegetation terrestrial transect climatic change plant functional types