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Association between childhood obesity and gut microbiota:16S rRNA gene sequencing-based cohort study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第16期30卷 2249-2257页

作者： Xu-Ming Li Qing Lv Ya-jun Chen lu-Biao Yan Xin Xiong Laboratory Department Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital(Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Hospital)Nanjing 210004Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Pediatrics Shenzhen University General HospitalShenzhen 518055Guangdong ProvinceChina Department of Inspection Division Women’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University(Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital)Nanjing 210004Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Pediatrics Women’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University(Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital)Nanjing 210004Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Neonatology Chenzhou First People’s HospitalChenzhou 423000Hunan ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND This study aimed to identify characteristic gut genera in obese and normal-weight children(8-12 years old)using 16S rDNA *** research aimed to provide insights for mechanistic studies and prevention strategies for childhood *** normal-weight and thirty age-and sex-matched obese children were *** and body measurements were collected,and fecal samples underwent 16S rDNA *** differences in body mass index(BMI)and body-fat percentage were observed between the *** of gut microbiota diversity revealed lowerα-diversity in obese *** in gut microbiota composition were found between the two *** and Firmicutes were more abundant in the obese group,while Bacteroides and Sanguibacteroides were more prevalent in the control *** To identify the characteristic gut genera in obese and normal-weight children(8-12-year-old)using 16S rDNA sequencing,and provide a basis for subsequent mechanistic studies and prevention strategies for childhood *** Thirty each normal-weight,1:1 matched for age and sex,and obese children,with an obese status from 2020 to 2022,were included in the control and obese groups,*** information was collected through questionnaires and body measurements were obtained from both obese and normal-weight *** samples were collected from both groups and subjected to 16S rDNA sequencing using an Illumina MiSeq sequencing platform for gut microbiota diversity *** Significant differences in BMI and body-fat percentage were observed between the two *** Ace and Chao1 indices were significantly lower in the obese group than those in the control group,whereas differences were not significant in the Shannon and Simpson ***-Wallis tests indicated significant differences in unweighted and weighted UniFrac distances between the gut microbiota of normal-weight and obese children(P<0.01),suggest

关键词： Childhood obesity Gut microbiota 16S rDNA sequencing Diversity analysis Genus identification Body mass index

Application of organic manure as a potential strategy to alleviate the limitation of microbial resources in soybean rhizospheric and bulk soils

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第6期23卷 2065-2082页

作者： Zhimin Wu Xiaozeng Han Xu Chen Xinchun lu jun Yan Wei Wang Wenxiu Zou Lei Yan School of Resources and Environment Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin 150030China Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology Northeast Institute of Geography and AgroecologyChinese Academy of SciencesHarbin 150081China Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Harbin 150086China

The development and vigor of soil microorganisms in terrestrial ecosystems are frequently constrained by the limited availability of essential elements such as carbon(C),nitrogen(N),and phosphorus(P).In this study,we investigated the impact of long-term application of varying levels of organic manure,low(7.5 Mg ha^(−1)yr^(−1)),moderate(15.0 Mg ha^(−1)yr^(−1)),and high(22.5 Mg ha^(−1)yr^(−1)),on the stoichiometry of enzymes and the structures of the microbial communities in soybean rhizospheric and bulk *** main goal of this research was to examine how soil microbial resource limitations in the rhizosphere respond to different long-term fertilization *** soil enzymatic activities were quantified,and the structure of the microbial community was assessed by analyzing phospholipid fatty acid *** compared to the bulk soil,the rhizospheric soil had significant increases in microbial biomass carbon(MBC),nitrogen(MBN),and phosphorus(MBP),with MBC increasing by 54.19 to 72.86%,MBN by 47.30 to 48.17%,and MBP by 17.37 to 208.47%.Compared with the unfertilized control(CK),the total microbial biomasses of the rhizospheric(increased by 22.80 to 90.82%)and bulk soils(increased by 10.57 to 60.54%)both exhibited increases with the application of organic manure,and the rhizospheric biomass was higher than that of bulk *** with bulk soil,the activities of C-,N-and P-acquiring enzymes of rhizospheric soil increased by 22.49,14.88,and 29.45%under high levels of organic manure,*** of vector length,vector angle,and scatter plots revealed that both rhizospheric and bulk soils exhibited limitations in terms of both carbon(C)and phosphorus(P)*** results of partial least-squares path modelling indicated that the rhizospheric soil exhibited a more pronounced response to the rate of manure application than the bulk *** varying reactions of rhizospheric and bulk soils to the extended application of organic manure underscore

关键词： enzymatic stoichiometry rhizosphere phospholipid fatty acids soybean organic manure

Targeted screening of an anti-inflammatory polypeptide from Rhopilema esculentum Kishinouye cnidoblasts and elucidation of its mechanism in alleviating ulcerative colitis based on an analysis of the gut microbiota and metabolites

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第3期13卷 1336-1347页

作者： Ziyan Wang Qiuyue Shi Ying Feng Jiaojiao Han Chenyang lu jun Zhou Zhonghua Wang Xiurong Su State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315000China School of Marine Science Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315000China Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Biotechnology(Ningbo University) Ministry of EducationNingbo UniversityNingbo 315000China College of Life Sciences Tonghua Normal UniversityTonghua 134000China Shandong Beiyou Biotechnology Co. Ltd.Weifang 261000China

Ulcerative colitis(UC)is a recurrent inflammatory bowel disease that imposes a severe burden on families and *** recent years,exploiting the potential of marine bioactive peptides for the treatment of diseases has become a topic of intense research *** study revealed the mechanism underlying the protective effect of the dominant polypeptide PKKVV(Pro-Lys-Lys-Val-Val)of Rhopilema esculentum cnidoblasts against DSS-induced UC through a combined analysis of the metagenome and serum ***,the polypeptide composition of *** cnidoblasts was determined by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry(MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS).Molecular docking showed that the dominant peptide PKKVV could bind better with tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)than the original *** animal experiments suggested that PKKVV could modulate disorganized gut microorganisms in mice with UC;affect serum metabolites through the arachidonic acid,glycerophospholipid and linoleic acid metabolism pathways;and further alleviate UC *** study provides a reference for the comprehensive development of marine bioactive substances and nonpharmaceutical treatments for UC.

关键词： Ulcerative colitis Rhopilema esculentum Kishinouye Cnidoblasts Marine bioactive polypeptides Metagenome Serum metabolome

Single-shot phase retrieval for randomly fluctuated and obstructed vortex beams

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第4期67卷 72-80页

作者： Hao Zhang jun’an Zhu Xingyuan lu Zhiquan Hu Jianbo Gao Kun Liu Qiwen Zhan Yangjian Cai Chengliang Zhao School of Physical Science and Technology Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006China School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China Shandong Provincial Engineering and Technical Center of Light Manipulations Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optics and Photonic DeviceSchool of Physics and ElectronicsShandong Normal UniversityJinan 250358China Joint Research Center of Light Manipulation Science and Photonic Integrated Chip of East China Normal University and Shandong Normal University East China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China

Vortex beams with orbital angular momentum play a crucial role in increasing the information capacity in optical *** magnitude of orbital angular momentum determines the ability of information *** practice,a vortex beam can encounter random objects or turbulence during free-space propagation,resulting in information ***,accurately measuring the orbital angular momentum of a randomly fluctuated and obstructed vortex beam is a considerable ***,we propose a single-shot method for the phase retrieval of a randomly fluctuated and obstructed vortex beam by combining the phase-shift theorem and self-reference *** results reveal that the sign and magnitude of the initial orbital angular momentum can be simultaneously determined based on their quantitative relation with the number of coherence singularities on the observation plane,thus addressing the effects of random occlusion and atmospheric *** proposed method considerably improved the accurate decoding of orbital angular momentum information in nonideal freespace optical communications.

关键词： optical vortex phase retrieve orbital angular momentum measurement antiturbulence antidisturbance

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Metabolites isolated from Penicillium HDS-Z-1E, an endophytic fungal strain isolated from Taxus cuspidata and their activation effect of catalase

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Chinese Herbal Medicines 2024年第2期16卷 227-230页

作者： chuan Tang Rui Gao Xiaoyuan Tang Yu Zhang Weixing Feng Baomin Feng Xuan lu College of Life and Health Dalian UniversityDalian 116622China

Objective:To study the compounds isolated from Penicillium HDS-Z-1E,an endophytic fungal strain isolated from Taxus cuspidata and their activation effect of catalase(CAT).Methods:The chemical constituents were isolated from Penicillium HDS-Z-1E,by using silica gel,Sephadex LH-20 and *** structural elucidations of five metabolites were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic including 1 H-NMR,13C-NMR,HMBC and *** activation sites of catalase have been investigated by molecular ***:Five metabolites,compounds(1–5)were isolated from Penicillium HDS-Z-1E and identified as 4-hydroxy-4-methyltetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-one(1),4-hydroxymethyl-5,6-dihydro-pyran-2-one(2),5,6-dihydro-2-oxo-2H-pyran-4-carboxylic(3),N-acetyl-hydrazinobenzoic acid(4),and methyl 2-(2,5-dihydroxyphenyl)acetate(5).Conclusion:Compound 3 is a new *** 3 and 4 may have potential activators of catalase,providing a theoretical basis for the development of CAT activators.

关键词： catalase activators 5,6-dihydro-2-oxo-2H-pyran-4-carboxylic molecular simulation penicillium Taxus cuspidata Sieb.et Zucc

Evolution of the porous structure for phosphoric acid etching carbon as cathodes in Li–O_(2) batteries:Pyrolysis temperature-induced characteristics changes

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Carbon Energy 2024年第1期6卷 172-181页

作者： Feiyang Yang Ying Yao Yunkai Xu Cong Wang Meiling Wang Jingjie Ren Cunzhong Zhang Feng Wu jun lu Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering School of Materials Science and EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijingChina Beijing Institute of Technology Chongqing Innovation Center ChongqingChina College of Chemical and Biological Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina

Although biomass-derived carbon(biochar)has been widely used in the energy field,the relation between the carbonization condition and the physical/chemical property of the product remains ***,we revealed the carbonization condition's effect on the morphology,surface property,and electrochemical performance of the obtained *** open slit pore structure with shower-puff-like nanoparticles can be obtained by finely tuning the carbonization temperature,and its unique pore structure and surface properties enable the Li–O_(2) battery with cycling longevity(221 cycles with 99.8%Coulombic efficiency at 0.2 mA cm^(−2) and controlled discharge–charge depths of 500 mAh g^(−1))and high capacity(16,334 mAh g^(−1) at 0.02 mA cm^(−2)).This work provides a greater understanding of the mechanism of the biochar carbonization procedure under various pyrolysis conditions,paving the way for future study of energy storage devices.

关键词： biomass Li-O_(2) battery oxygen catalysts porous carbon temperature parameters

The response and anti-stress mechanisms of nitrifying sludge under long-term exposure to Cd Se quantum dots

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 174-184页

作者： Linkai Guo Lei Yang Yongxiang Ren Shen Cui Xiaotong Li Jia Wang jun Lan Haoqi lu Yuchao Wang Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering Xi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi’an 710055China Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource Environment and EcologyMinistry of EducationXi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi’an 710055China

The wide application of CdSe quantum dots(QDs)increases its stress risk to sewage treatment *** study evaluated the response of nitrification performance,floc characteristics and microbial community of nitrifying sludge under long-term exposure to CdSe *** showed CdSe QDs(≥1 mg/L)would decrease the activity of ammonia monooxygenase(AMO).Under the stress of 30 mg/L CdSe QDs,the activity of AMO was reduced by 66%,while the activities of hydroxylamine oxidase and nitrite oxidoreductase were enhanced by 19.1%and 26%,***,the final nitrification effects were not adversely affected,and the production rates of NO_(2)^(-)-N and NO_(3)^(-)-N were ***,CdSe QDs improved biomass concentration in sludge and maintained the stability of sludge *** throughput sequencing analysis showed that CdSe QDs evidently reduced the abundance and diversity of microbial community in nitrifying *** abundances of amino acid metabolism and lipid metabolism were ***,CdSe QDs decreased the fluorescence intensity of tryptophan-like protein from 2,326 to 1,179 *** loosely bound extracellular polymeric substances(EPSs)and from 3,792 to 3,117 *** tightly bound *** relieve CdSe QD stress,the polysaccharide content increased from0.31 to 0.61 mg/g MLSS and intracellular antioxidant defense was *** CdSe QD level increasing to 30 mg/L,the total antioxygenic capacity and the activities of catalase were enhanced up to 411%and 143.2%,***,CdSe QDs had little adverse effects on cell membrane integrity,microbial metabolism and the abundance of Nitrospirae.

关键词： Quantum dots Activated sludge Extracellular polymeric substances Microbial community Antioxidant effect

Clinical characteristics of delayed generalized erythema associated with cytarabine

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Chronic Diseases and Translational Medicine 2024年第1期10卷 78-80页

作者： He Jiang jun lu Mei Wang College of Pharmacy Anhui University of Chinese MedicineHefeiAnhuiChina Department of Pharmacy Children's Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsuChina

To the Editor,Cytarabine is one of the most used drugs for the treatment of hematological malignancies such as leukemia and non-Hodgkin's *** cells,cytarabine is activated into ara-CTP,which can replace deoxycytidine triphosphate(dCTP)and become incorporated into the DNA of proliferating ***,it can block DNA synthesis,resulting in proliferation arrest and cell death.

关键词： death drugs Clinical

Ultrathin curved PdNiRu nanosheets as bifunctional catalysts for oxygen reduction and ethylene glycol oxidation

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Nano Research 2024年第5期17卷 3777-3784页

作者： Xianzeng Li Tingyu lu Huan Pang Mingyi Zhang Dongdong Xu Lin Xu Min Han jun Yang Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Power Batteries Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional MaterialsSchool of Chemistry and Materials ScienceNanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210023China Fujian Cross Strait Institute of Flexible Electronics(Future Technology) Fujian Normal UniversityFuzhou 350117China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials Ministry of EducationSchool of Physics and Electronic EngineeringHarbin Normal UniversityHarbin 150025China

Pd-based metallic nanosheets with advanced physicochemical properties have been widely prepared and employed in various electrocatalytic ***,few concerns were focused on their multiple performances in different ***,highly curved and ultrathin PdNiRu nanosheets(NSs)are developed by facile wet-chemistry strategy and exhibit excellent electrocatalytic performance toward both oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)and ethylene glycol oxidation reaction(EGOR).Owing to the synergistically structural(e.g.,ultrathin,curved,defects/steps-rich)and compositional(ternary alloy)advantages,PdNiRu NSs exhibited enhanced ORR and EGOR specific/mass activities and better stability/durability than control *** specific activity(5.52 mA·cm^(−2))and mass activity(1.13 A·mg_(Pd)^(−1))of the PdNiRu NSs in ORR are 4.8 and 3.4 times as the ones of commercial Pt/C,*** mass activity of PdNiRu NSs(3.86 A·mg_(Pd)^(−1))in EGOR is 2.6 times as commercial Pd/C(1.51 A·mg_(Pd)^(−1)).This study is helpful for the development of desired electrocatalysts with multi-functional application in practical fuel cells.

关键词： ultrathin nanosheets noble metal electrocatalysts bifunctional