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Seasonal movements of American horseshoe crabs Limulus polyphemus in the Great Bay Estuary,new Hampshire (USA)

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Current Zoology 2010年第5期56卷 587-598页

作者： Susanne Y SCHALLER christopher C.CHABOT Winsor H.WATSOn Ⅲ Department of Biological Sciences University of New Hampshire Department of Biology Plymouth State University

The goal of this study was to determine the year round movement patterns of American horseshoe crabs, Limulus polyphemus, in the Great Bay Estuary, new Hampshire （USA） by using acoustic telemetry to track the movements of 37 adult Limulus, for periods ranging from 2 to 31 months. During the winter （December-March） horseshoe crabs moved very little. In the spring, when water temperatures exceeded II^C, horseshoe crabs moved at least 1 km further up into the estuary to shallower subtidal areas about a month prior to spawning. The mean distance traveled during spring migrations was 2.6 ＋ 0.5 （n=20） km up the estuary. Mating occurred in May and June and during these months animals spent most of their time in shallow subtidal areas adjacent to mating beaches. In the summer （July-Augnst）, animals moved 1.5 ± 0.5 （n=26） km down the estuary, towards the ocean, and ranged widely, using extensive portions of the estuary. In the fall （September-november） movement was more limited （0.5 ± 0.5 km; n = 24） while animals settled into wintering locations, where they remained until spring. The mean annual linear range for all animals was 4.5 ± 0.3 km （n =35） and the maximum distance traveled by an individual horseshoe crab within one year was 9.2 km. There was no evidence that any of the horseshoe crabs tracked during this study left the estuary

关键词： Limuluspolyphemus Acoustic telemetry Horseshoe crab Tracking Estuary Home range

Combining biological denitrification and electricity generation in methane-powered microbial fuel cells

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第8期130卷 212-222页

作者： Linpeng Yu Eryi Zhang Lin Yang Shiqi Liu christopher Rensing Shungui Zhou Resources and Environment Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002China Cranfield University CranfieldBedfordshire MK43 OALUK Biofuels Institute School of Environment and Safety EngineeringJiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013China

Methane has been demonstrated to be a feasible substrate for electricity generation in microbial fuel cells(MFCs)and denitrifying anaerobic methane oxidation(DAMO).However,these two processes were evaluated separately in previous studies and it has remained unknown whether methane is able to simultaneously drive these *** we investigated the co-occurrence and performance of these two processes in the anodic chamber of *** results showed that methane successfully fueled both electrogenesis and ***,the maximum nitrate removal rate was significantly enhanced from(1.4±0.8)to(18.4±1.2)mg n/(L·day)by an electrogenic *** the presence of DAMO,the MFCs achieved a maximum voltage of 610 mV and a maximum power density of 143±12 mW/m^(2).Electrochemical analyses demonstrated that some redox substances(***)were likely involved in electrogenesis and also in the denitrification ***-throughput sequencing indicated that the methanogen Methanobacterium,a close relative of Methanobacterium espanolae,catalyzed methane oxidation and cooperated with both exoelectrogens and denitrifiers(e.g.,Azoarcus).This work provides an effective strategy for improving DAMO in methane-powered MFCs,and suggests that methanogens and denitrifiers may jointly be able to provide an alternative to archaeal DAMO for methane-dependent denitrification.

关键词： Anaerobic methane oxidation Denitrification Microbial fuel cells Electricity generation Electroactive compounds Methanobacterium

Gastro-duodenal disease in Africa: Literature review and clinical data from Accra, Ghana

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第26期25卷 3344-3358页

作者： Timothy n Archampong Richard H Asmah Cathy J Richards Vicki J Martin christopher D Bayliss Edília Botao Leonor David Sandra Beleza Carla Carrilho Department of Medicine and Therapeutics School of Medicine and DentistryUniversity of GhanaAccra Box 4236Ghana Department of Genetics and Genome Biology University of LeicesterLeicester LE1 7RHUnited Kingdom Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences School of Biomedical and Allied Health SciencesUniversity of GhanaAccra Box 4236Ghana Department of Histopathology Leicester Royal InfirmaryLeicester LE1 5WWUnited Kingdom Department of Pathology Maputo Central HospitalMaputo POBox 1164Mozambique Department of Pathology Medical Faculty of the University of PortoPorto 4200-465Portugal Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology at the University of Porto(Ipatimup) Porto 4200-465Portugal Instituto de Investigacao e Inovacao em Saude(i3S) University of PortoPorto 4200-465Portugal Department of Pathology Faculty of MedicineEduardo Mondlane UniversityMaputo POBox 257Mozambique

Gastroduodenal disease(GDD)was initially thought to be uncommon in *** others,lack of access to optimal health infrastructure and suspicion of conventional medicine resulted in the reported prevalence of GDD being significantly lower than that in other areas of the *** the increasing availability of flexible upper gastro-intestinal endoscopy,it has now become apparent that GDD,especially peptic ulcer disease(PUD),is prevalent across the continent of *** risk factors for gastric cancer(GCA)include Helicobater pylori(***),diet,Epstein-Barr virus infection and industrial chemical exposure,while those for PUD are ***,non-steroidal antiinflammatory drug(nSAID)-use,smoking and alcohol *** these,*** is generally accepted to be causally related to the development of atrophic gastritis(AG),intestinal metaplasia(IM),PUD and distal ***,we perform a systematic review of the patterns of GDD across Africa obtained with endoscopy,and complement the analysis with new data obtained on premalignant gastric his-topathological lesions in Accra,Ghana which was compared with previous data from Maputo,*** there is a general lack of structured cohort studies in Africa,we also considered endoscopy-based hospital or tertiary centre studies of symptomatic *** Africa,there is considerable heterogeneity in the prevalence of PUD with no clear geographical ***,there are differences in PUD within-country despite universally endemic *** *** is not uncommon in *** of the African tertiary-centre studies had higher prevalence of PUD when compared with similar studies in western *** additional intriguing observation is a recent,ongoing decline in PUD in some African countries where *** infection is still *** possible reason for the high,sustained prevalence of PUD may be the significant use of nSAIDs in local or over-the-counter *** prevalence

关键词： Gastroduodenal Peptic ulcer Gastric cancer Africa Pre-malignant Atrophy Intestinal metaplasia Duodenal ulcer Gastric ulcer

Versus—A tool for evaluating visualizations and image quality using a 2AFC methodology

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维普期刊数据库

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Visual Informatics 2018年第4期2卷 225-234页

作者： Jenny Vuong Sandeep Kaur Julian Heinrich Bosco K.Ho christopher J.Hammang Benedetta F.Baldi Seán I.O’Donoghue CSIRO Data61Australia Garvan Institute of Medical Research Australia University of new South Wales Australia University of Tübingen Germany University of Sydney Australia

novel visualization methods and strategies are necessary to cope with the deluge of datasets present in any scientific field to make discoveries and find answers to previously unanswered *** methods and strategies should not only present scientific findings as images in a concise way but also need to be effective and expressive,which often remain ***,we present Versus,a tool to enable easy image quality assessment and image ranking,utilizing a two-alternative forced choice methodology(2AFC)and an efficient ranking algorithm based on a binary *** tool provides a systematic way of setting up evaluation experiments via the web without the necessity to install any additional software or require any programming ***,Versus can easily interface with crowdsourcing platforms,such as Amazon’s Mechanical Turk,or can be used as a stand-alone system to carry out evaluations with *** demonstrate the use of Versus by means of an image evaluation study,aiming to determine if hue,saturation,brightness,and texture are good indicators of uncertainty in three-dimensional protein *** from the power of crowdsourcing,we argue that there is demand and also great potential for this tool to become a standard for simple and fast image evaluations,with the aim to test the effectiveness and expressiveness of scientific visualizations.

关键词： Evaluation Visualization Visual analytics Image comparison Crowdsourcing Evaluation methods 2AFC Image evaluation Tool Visualization evaluation

An Assessment of a nowcast/Forecast System for the Straits of Florida/Florida Current Regime

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维普期刊数据库

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2005年第4期4卷 288-292页

作者： christopher n.K.Mooers Inkweon Bang Ocean Prediction Experimental Laboratory (OPEL) Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric ScienceUniversity of MiamiMiamiFL 33149-1098 U.S.A.

The Florida Current （FC） largely fills the Straits of Florida and is variable on a broad spectrum of time and space scales. Some portions of the variability are due to variable forcing by tides, winds, heating/cooling, and throughflow; other portions are due to intrinsic instabilities of the FC. To predict, as well as to better understand this complex regime, a nowcast/forecast system （East Florida Shelf Information System （EFSIS）） has been implemented and assessed （http：//efsis. rsmas. miami. edu）. EFSIS is based on an implementation of the Princeton Ocean Model （POM） with mesoscale-admitting resolution on a curvilinear grid. It is forced by a mesoscale numerical weather prediction system （called Eta） run operationally by the national Centers for Environmental Prediction （nCEP）, eight tidal constituents from a global tidal model, and lateral boundary conditions from an operational global ocean prediction model, i.e., the navy Coastal Ocean Model （nCOM）. Real-time observations of coastal sea level, coastal sea surface temperature, coastal HF radar-derived surface current maps, and FC volume transport are used to verify and validate EFSIS. EFSIS is part of an evolving strategy for real-time predictive coastal ocean modeling methodology, and for fostering the understanding of the variability of the regime on several time and space scales. Here, some of the verification and validation results are provided, as well as diagnostic analyses of dynamical processes. The central point is that an example is provided of a ＇scientific revolution＇ in progress that combines real-time observations and numerical circulation models to yield a credible sequence of synoptic views of coastal ocean circulation for the first time.

关键词： ocean circulation circulation modeling nowcast/forecast system Florida Current mesoscale ocean variabili ty mesoscale atmospheric forcing tidal forcing limited area model

Varicella zoster meningitis complicating combined anti-tumor necrosis factor and corticosteroid therapy in Crohn's disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第21期19卷 3347-3351页

作者： christopher Ma Brennan Walters Richard n Fedorak Division of Gastroenterology University of AlbertaEdmontonAL T6G 2X8Canada

Opportunistic viral infections are a well-recognized complication of anti-tumor necrosis factor (TnF) therapy for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Cases of severe or atypical varicella zoster virus infection, both primary and latent reactivation, have been described in association with immunosuppression of Crohn's disease (CD) patients. However, central nervous system varicella zoster virus infections have been rarely described, and there are no previous reports of varicella zoster virus meningitis associated with anti-TnF therapy among the CD population. Here, we present the case of a 40-year-old male with severe ileocecal-CD who developed a reactivation of dermatomal herpes zoster after treatment with prednisone and adalimumab. The reactivation presented as debilitating varicella zoster virus meningitis, which was not completely resolved despite aggressive antiviral therapy with prolonged intravenous acyclovir and subsequent oral valacyclovir. This is the first reported case of opportunistic central nervous system varicella zoster infection complicating anti-TnF therapy in the CD population. This paper also reviews the literature on varicella zoster virus infections of immunosuppressed IBD patients and the importance of vaccination prior to initiation of anti-TnF therapy.

关键词： Varicella zoster virus Meningitis Crohn’s disease Adalimumab Infliximab corticosteroids Antitumor necrosis factor

Characterizing functional consequences of DnA copy number alterations in breast and ovarian tumors by spaceMap

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2018年第7期45卷 361-371页

作者： christopher J.Conley Umut Ozbek Pei Wang Jie Peng Department of Statistics University of California Davis Department of Population Health Science and Policy Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai

We propose a novel conditional graphical model -- spaceMap -- to construct gene regulatory networks from multiple types of high dimensional omic profiles. A motivating application is to characterize the perturbation of DnA copy number alterations （CnAs） on downstream protein levels in tumors. Through a penalized multivariate regression framework, spaceMap jointly models high dimensional protein levels as responses and high dimensional CnAs as predictors. In this setup, spaceMap infers an undirected network among proteins together with a directed network encoding how CnAs perturb the protein network, spaceMap can be applied to learn other types of regulatory relationships from high dimensional molecular profiles, especially those exhibiting hub structures. Simulation studies show spaceMap has greater power in detecting regulatory relationships over competing methods. Additionally, spaceMap includes a network analysis toolkit for biological interpretation of inferred networks. We applies spaceMap to the CnAs, gene expression and proteomics data sets from CPTAC-TCGA breast （n = 77） and ovarian （n = 174） cancer studies. Each cancer exhibits disruption of＇ion transmembrane transport＇ and ＇regulation from RnA polymerase lI promoter＇ by CnA events unique to each cancer. Moreover, using protein levels as a response yields a more functionally-enriched network than using RnA expressions in both cancer types. The network results also help to pinpoint crucial cancer genes and provide insights on the functional consequences of important CnA in breast and ovarian cancers.

关键词： Integrative genomics Proteogenomics Conditional graphical models network analysis

A semi-analytical rate-transient analysis model for light oil reservoirs exhibiting reservoir heterogeneity and multiphase flow

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Petroleum Science 2023年第1期20卷 309-321页

作者： Jin-Chang Li Bin Yuan christopher R.Clarkson Jian-Quan Tian Key Laboratory of Unconventional Oil&Gas Development(China University of Petroleum(East China)) Ministry of EducationQingdao266580ShandongPR China School of Petroleum Engineering China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao266580ShandongPR China Department of Geoscience University of CalgaryABT2L2N5Canada

Rate-transient analysis(RTA)has been widely applied to extract estimates of reservoir/hydraulic fracture ***,the majority of RTA techniques can lead to misdiagnosis of reservoir/fracture information when the reservoir exhibits reservoir heterogeneity and multiphase flow *** work proposes a practical-yet-rigorous method to decouple the effects of reservoir heterogeneity and multiphase flow during TLF,and improve the evaluation of reservoir/fracture properties.A new,general,semi-analytical model is proposed that explicitly accounts for multiphase flow,fractalbased reservoir heterogeneity,anomalous diffusion,and pressure-dependent fluid *** is achieved by introducing a new Boltzmann-type transformation,the exponent of which includes reservoir heterogeneity and anomalous *** order to decouple the effects of reservoir heterogeneity and multiphase flow during TLF,the modified Boltzmann variable allows the conversion of three partial differential equations(PDE's)(i.e.,oil,gas and water diffusion equations)into ordinary differential equations(ODE's)that are easily solved using the Runge-Kutta(RK)method.A modified time-power-law plot is also proposed to estimate the reservoir and fracture properties,recognizing that the classical square-root-of-time-plot is no longer valid when various reservoir complexities are exhibited *** the slope of the straight line on the modified time-power-law plot,the linear flow parameter can be estimated with more ***,because of the new Boltzmann-type transformation,reservoir and fracture properties can be derived more efficiently without the need for defining complex pseudo-variable *** the new semi-analytical model,the effects of multiphase flow,reservoir heterogeneity and anomalous diffusion on rate-decline behavior are *** the case of approximately constant flowing pressure,multiphase flow impacts initial oil rate,which is a funct

关键词： Transient linear flow Multiphase flow Reservoir heterogeneity Unconventional reservoirs

Sustained activation of P2X7 induces MMP-2- evoked cleavage and functional purinoceptor inhibition

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2018年第3期10卷 229-242页

作者： christopher n. J. Young natalia Chira Justyna Róg Rasha Al-Khalidi Magalie Benard Ludovic Galas Philippe Chan David Vaudry Krzysztof Zablocki Dariusz C. Górecki School of Allied Health Sciences Faculty of Health and Life Sciences De Montfort University Leicester LE1 5RR UK Molecular Medicine Laboratory Institute of Biomedical and Biomolecular Sciences School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences University of Portsmouth Portsmouth PO1 2DT UK Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism Department of Biochemistry Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of the Polish Academy of Sciences Pasteur Str. 02- 093 Warsaw Poland PRIMACEn Cell Imaging Platform of Normandy Inserm IBiSA and PISSARO Proteomic Platform Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine University of Rouen 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan France

P2X7 purinoceptor promotes survival or cytotoxicity depending on extraceUular adenosine triphosphate （ATP） stimulus Intensity controlling its ion channel or P2X7-dependent large pore （LP） functions. Mechanisms governing this operational divergence and functional idiosyncrasy are ill-understood. We have discovered a feedback loop where sustained activation of P2X7 triggers release of active matrix metalloproteinase 2 （MMP-2）, which halts ion channel and LP responses via the MMP-2-dependent receptor cleavage. This mechanism operates in cells as diverse as macrophages, dystrophic myoblasts, P2X7-transfected HEK293, and human tumour cells. Given that serum-born MMP-2 activity also blocked receptor functions, P2X7 responses in vivo may decrease in organs with permeable capillaries. Therefore, this mechanism represents an Important fine-tuning of P2X7 functions, reliant on both cell-autonomous and extraneous factors. Indeed, it allowed evasion from the ATP-induced cvtotoxicity in macrophages and human cancer ceils with high P2X7 expression levels. Finally, we demonstrate that P2X7 ablation eliminated getatinase activity in inflamed dystrophic muscles in vivo. Thus, P2X7 antagonists could be used as an alternative to highly toxic MMP inhibitors in treatments of inflammatory diseases and cancers.

关键词： P2X7 MMP-2 DMD macrophage β-dystroglycan CD44 cancer