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Challenges and optimization strategies in medical imaging service delivery during COVID-19

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World Journal of Radiology 2021年第5期13卷 102-121页

作者： Yi Xiang Tay Suchart Kothan Sundaran Kada Sihui Cai christopher Wai Keung lai Radiography Department Singapore General HospitalSingapore 169608Singapore Center of Radiation Research and Medical Imaging Department of Radiologic TechnologyFaculty of Associated Medical SciencesChiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai 50000Thailand Faculty of Health and Social Sciences Western Norway University of Applied SciencesBergen Postbox 70305020 BergenNorway Department of Health and Social Sciences Singapore Institute of TechnologySingapore 138683Singapore

In coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),medical imaging plays an essential role in the diagnosis,management and disease progression *** radiography and computed tomography are commonly used imaging techniques globally during this *** the pandemic continues to unfold,many healthcare systems worldwide struggle to balance the heavy strain due to overwhelming demand for healthcare *** are required across the entire healthcare system and medical imaging departments are no *** COVID-19 pandemic had a devastating impact on medical imaging *** is now time to pay further attention to the profound challenges of COVID-19 on medical imaging services and develop effective strategies to get ahead of the ***,preparation for operations and survival in the post-pandemic future are necessary *** review aims to comprehensively examine the challenges and optimization of delivering medical imaging services in relation to the current COVID-19 global pandemic,including the role of medical imaging during these challenging times and potential future directions post-COVID-19.

关键词： COVID-19 Medical imaging service Pandemic Optimization strategies Radiology department Radiography

Interface-induced polymerization strategy for constructing titanium dioxide embedded carbon porous framework with enhanced chemical immobilization towards lithium polysulfides

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Nano Research 2024年第3期17卷 1473-1481页

作者： Yue Ouyang Xiaoxiao Li Jiexin Zhu Wei Zong Yuhang Dai Xuan Gao Wei Zhang Shengyuan Yang Roohollah Bagherzadeh Feili lai Yue-E Miao Tianxi Liu State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials College of Materials Science and EngineeringDonghua University2999 North Renmin RoadShanghai 201620China The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids Ministry of EducationSchool of Chemical and Material EngineeringJiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China Advanced Fibrous Materials LAB Institute for Advanced Textile Materials and Technologies(ATMT)School of Advanced Materials and ProcessesAmirkabir University of TechnologyTehran 15914Iran christopher Ingold Laboratory Department of ChemistryUniversity College London20 Gordon StreetLondon WC1H 0AJUK Department of Chemistry KU LeuvenCelestijnenlaan 200FLeuven 3001Belgium

The shuttle effect induced by soluble lithium polysulfides(LiPSs)is known as one of the crucial issues that limit the practical applications of lithium-sulfur(Li-S)***,a titanium dioxide nanoparticle embedded in nitrogen-doped porous carbon nanofiber(TiO_(2)@NCNF)composite is constructed via an interface-induced polymerization strategy to serve as an ideal sulfur *** the protection of the nanofiber walls,the uniformly dispersed TiO_(2) nanocrystalline can act as capturing centers to constantly immobilize LiPSs towards durable sulfur ***,the mesoporous microstructure in the fibrous framework endows the TiO_(2)@NCNF host with strong physical reservation for sulfur and LiPSs,sufficient pathways for electron/ion transfer,and excellent endurance for volume *** expected,the sulfur-loaded TiO_(2)@NCNF composite electrode presents a fabulous rate performance and long cycle lifespan(capacity fading rate of 0.062%per cycle over 500 cycles)at 2.0 ***,the assembled Li-S batteries harvest superb areal capacity and cycling stability even under high sulfur loading and lean electrolyte conditions.

关键词： interface-induced polymerization electrospun porous nanofibers lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries high sulfur loading lithium polysulfides(LiPSs)immobilization

Burnout syndrome and anxiety among healthcare workers during global pandemics:An umbrella review

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World Journal of Meta-Analysis 2023年第7期11卷 368-379页

作者： Clayton Yang Teng Bey Jin-Uu Koh christopher Wai Keung lai Health and Social Science Cluster Singapore Institute of TechnologyDover Drive 138683Singapore

BACKGROUND Burnout syndrome and anxiety are two mental health symptoms experienced by healthcare workers(HCWs)that can be exacerbated during pandemics due to increased job demands and the global health workforce *** To provide a comprehensive review and summary of evidence on burnout and anxiety in HCWs during previous global *** A systematic search on electronic databases such as PubMed Central and MEDLINE was conducted to identify high-quality systematic review studies that reported on the prevalence of burnout and/or anxiety in HCWs during any previous global *** Twenty-four high quality systematic review articles were found to be suitable for *** articles focused merely on Coronavirus disease 2019,while four articles examined multiple *** was examined in nine articles,while anxiety was examined in the remaining 21 *** HCWs and nurses were identified to be at a higher risk of developing burnout and anxiety during *** also observed a variation in the prevalence of burnouts and anxiety across different studies due to different mental health instruments were used in different *** Nurses and females HCWs had a high prevalence of burnout syndrome and anxiety during *** emphasis and attention should be paid to safeguarding the psychological well-being of these at-risk populations in the future pandemics.

关键词： Burnout Anxiety Pandemics COVID-19

中国儿童哮喘患病率的地区差异与生活方式的不同有关

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中华儿科杂志 2006年第1期44卷 41-45页

作者：王红玉陈育智马煜黄永坚赖奇伟钟南山广州医学院第一附属医院广州呼吸疾病研究所变态反应科 510120 首都儿科研究所哮喘防治中心香港中文大学威尔斯亲王医院儿科广州医学院第一附属医院广州呼吸疾病研究所内科 510120

目的通过对环境因素及生活方式的比较研究，探讨导致中国不同地区儿童人群中哮喘患病率差异的原因。方法对10902名来自北京、广州、香港三城市的儿童进行横断面研究，按照国际儿童哮喘和过敏性疾病研究（ISAAC）第二阶段方案，由儿童家... 详细信息

目的通过对环境因素及生活方式的比较研究，探讨导致中国不同地区儿童人群中哮喘患病率差异的原因。方法对10902名来自北京、广州、香港三城市的儿童进行横断面研究，按照国际儿童哮喘和过敏性疾病研究（ISAAC）第二阶段方案，由儿童家长或监护人完成问卷调查，并随机抽取3479名儿童进行吸人性过敏原的皮肤点刺试验，对哮喘、特应性与环境和生活方式危险因素的相关性进行Logistic回归分析。结果过去12个月喘息的现患率分别为：香港5．8％，北京3．8％，广州3．4％，香港显著高于中国大陆（OR1．64，95％CI1．35—1．99）。多变量Logistic回归分析显示，应用煤气煮食（OR2．08，95％CI1．32—3．26）、海绵枕头（OR1．94，95％CI1．19—3．16）、房间潮湿（OR1．84，95％CI1．25—2．71）均是“近期喘息”的危险因素。而棉被的使用（OR0．70，95％CI0．56—0．87）、母乳喂养（OR0．79，95％CI 0．66—0．96）及参加日托（OR0．73，95％CI0．59—0．88）是“近期喘息”的保护性因素。结论具有中国大陆生活特征的环境因素及生活方式（母乳喂养、参加日托、使用棉被、使用非海绵的枕头、非煤气的煮食燃料、家中墙上或天花板没有潮湿霉点）是导致中国香港与大陆儿童哮喘患病率差异的重要影响因素。

关键词：哮喘儿童患病率生活方式危险因素

Activation of human fibroblast-like synoviocytes by uric acid crystals in rheumatoid arthritis

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2011年第6期8卷 469-478页

作者： Da P Chen Chun K Wong lai S Tam Edmund K Li christopher WK Lam Department of Chemical Pathology The Chinese University of Hong KongPrince of Wales HospitalShatinNTHong KongChina Department of Clinical Laboratory Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina Department of Medicine and Therapeutics The Chinese University of Hong KongPrince of Wales HospitalNgan Shing StreetShatinNTHong KongChina Macao Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health Macao University of Science and TechnologyAvenida Wai LongTaipaMacaoChina

Hyperuricemia-mediated uric acid crystal formation may cause joint inflammation and provoke the destruction of joints through the activation of inflammasome-mediated innate immune ***,the immunopathological effects and underlying intracellular regulatory mechanisms of uric acid crystal-mediated activation of fibroblast-like synoviocytes(FLS)in rheumatoid arthritis(RA)have not been ***,we investigated the in vitro effects of monosodium urate crystals,alone or in combination with the inflammatory cytokines tumor-necrosis factor(TNF)-a or interleukin(IL)-1b,on the activation of human FLS from RA patients and normal control subjects and the underlying intracellular signaling mechanisms of treatment with these *** urate crystals were able to significantly increase the release of the inflammatory cytokine IL-6,the chemokine CXCL8 and the matrix metalloproteinase(MMP)-1 from both normal and RA-FLS(all P,0.05).Moreover,the additive or synergistic effect on the release of IL-6,CXCL8 and MMP-1 from both normal and RA-FLS was observed following the combined treatment with monosodium urate crystals and TNF-a or *** experiments showed that the release of the measured inflammatory cytokine,chemokine and MMP-1 stimulated by monosodium urate crystals were differentially regulated by the intracellular activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase and c-Jun N-terminal kinase pathways but not the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase *** results therefore provide a new insight into the uric acid crystal-activated immunopathological mechanisms mediated by distinct intracellular signal transduction pathways leading to joint inflammation in RA.

关键词： cytokines fibroblast-like synoviocytes rheumatoid arthritis signal transduction uric acid

Parvalbumin neuroplasticity compensates for somatostatin impairment, maintaining cognitive function in Alzheimer’s disease

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2022年第1期11卷 566-587页

作者： christopher Daniel Morrone Aaron Yenhsin lai Jossana Bishay Mary Elizabeth Hill JoAnne McLaurin Biological Sciences Sunnybrook Research InstituteTorontoON M4N 3M5Canada Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology Temerty Faculty of MedicineUniversity of TorontoTorontoON M5S 1A8Canada

Background: Patient-to-patient variability in the degree to which β-amyloid, tau and neurodegeneration impact cognitive decline in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) complicates disease modeling and treatment. However, the underlying mechanisms leading to cognitive resilience are not resolved. We hypothesize that the variability in cognitive function and loss relates to neuronal resilience of the hippocampal GABAergic network. Methods: We compared TgF344-AD and non-transgenic littermate rats at 9, 12, and 15 months of age. Neurons, β-amyloid plaques and tau inclusions were quantified in hippocampus and entorhinal cortex. Somatostatin (SST) and parvalbumin (PVB) interneurons were traced to examine hippocampal neuroplasticity and cognition was tested in the Barnes maze. Results: The 9-month-old TgF344-AD rats exhibited loss of neurons in the entorhinal cortex and hippocampus. Hippocampal neuronal compensation was observed in 12-month TgF344-AD rats, with upregulation of GABAergic interneuronal marker. By 15 months, the TgF344-AD rats had robust loss of excitatory and inhibitory neurons. β-Amyloid and tau pathology accumulated continuously across age. SST interneurons exhibited tau inclusions and atrophy from 9 months, whereas PVB interneurons were resilient until 15 months. The hippocampal PVB circuit underwent neuroplastic reorganization with increased dendritic length and complexity in 9- and 12-month-old TgF344- AD rats, before atrophy at 15 months. Strikingly, 12-month-old TgF344-AD rats were resilient in executive function and cognitive flexibility. Cognitive resilience in TgF344-AD rats occurred as maintenance of function between 9 and 12 months of age despite progressive spatial memory deficits, and was sustained by PVB neuroplasticity. Conclusions: Our results demonstrate the inherent neuronal processes leading to cognitive maintenance, and describe a novel finding of endogenous cognitive resilience in an AD model.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease TgF344-AD rat GABAergic interneuron Parvalbumin Somatostatin Barnes maze Hippocampus Neuronal compensation Cognitive resilience

Thermodynamics of NaHCO_3 decomposition during Na_2CO_3-based CO_2 capture

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第4期31卷 74-80页

作者： Sam Toan William O'Dell christopher K.Russell Sun Zhao Qinghua lai Huiping Song Ying Zhao Maohong Fan College of Engineering and Applied Science University of Wyoming Chemical and Environmental Engineering University of California Civil and Environmental Engineering Stanford University Institute of Resources and Environmental Engineering Shanxi University School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology

Amine-basedcarbon-capture technologies have been shown to be energetically expensive and to cause significant environmental and epidemiological impacts due to their *** formation from carbon dioxide's reaction with water has been suggested as an effective alternative for capturing CO_2;however,the thermodynamics of this reaction are not well *** study experimentally determined the equilibrium constant of sodium bicarbonate(Na HCO_3)decomposition to sodium,water,and carbon dioxide;the study also compared the equilibrium constant to theoretical *** a combination of experimentation and thermodynamic relationships,the unitless equilibrium constants of the forward and reverse reactions were calculated accurately(error<±9%and<±4%,respectively).Equilibrium data were calculated using enthalpy and entropy values of each component of Na HCO_3decomposition at temperatures ranging from 25 to 155°C *** results offer more data essential to optimizing Na HCO_3use in environmentally friendly nextgeneration CO_2-capture technologies.

关键词： Sodium bicarbonate Sodium carbonate Gibbs free energy Enthalpy Entropy

The dependences of osteocyte network on bone compartment, age, and disease

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Bone Research 2015年第2期3卷 72-82页

作者： Xiaohan lai christopher Price Shannon Modla William R Thompson Jeffrey Caplan Catherine B Kirn-Safran Liyun Wang Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Delaware Biomedical Engineering Program University of Delaware DBI Bioimaging Center University of Delaware Department of Physical Therapy Indiana University Department of Biological Sciences University of Delaware

Osteocytes, the most abundant bone cells, form an interconnected network in the lacunar-canalicular pore system （LCS） buried within the mineralized matrix, which allows osteocytes to obtain nutrients from the blood supply, sense external mechanical signals, and communicate among themselves and with other cells on bone surfaces. In this study, we examined key features of the LCS network including the topological parameter and the detailed structure of individual connections and their variations in cortical and cancellous compa~ tments, at different ages, and in two disease conditions with altered mechanosensing （perlecan deficiency and diabetes）. LCS network showed both topological stability, in terms of conservation of connectivity among osteocyte lacunae （similar to the ＂nodes＂ in a computer network）, and considerable variability the pericellular annular fluid gap surrounding lacunae and canaliculi （similar to the ＂bandwidth＂ of individual links in a computer network）. Age, in the range of our study （15-32 weeks）, affected only the pericellular fluid annulus in cortical bone but not in cancellous bone. Diabetes impacted the spacing of the lacunae, while the perlecan deficiency had a profound influence on the pericellular fluid annulus. The LCS network features play important roles in osteocyte signaling and regulation of bone growth and adaptation.

关键词： The dependences of osteocyte network on bone compartment age and disease bone

Kindlin-2 loss in condylar chondrocytes causes spontaneous osteoarthritic lesions in the temporomandibular joint in mice

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International Journal of Oral Science 2022年第3期14卷 371-380页

作者： Yumei lai Wei Zheng Minghao Qu christopher C.Xiao Sheng Chen Qing Yao Weiyuan Gong Chu Tao Qinnan Yan Peijun Zhang Xiaohao Wu Guozhi Xiao Department of Orthopedic Surgery Rush University Medical CenterChicagoILUSA Department of Orthopaedic Center Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps HospitalUrumqiChina Department of Biochemistry School of MedicineSouthern University of Science and TechnologyGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease ResearchShenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell MicroenvironmentShenzhenChina Department of Orthopedics Union HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina

The progressive destruction of condylar cartilage is a hallmark of the temporomandibular joint(TMJ) osteoarthritis(OA);however, its mechanism is incompletely understood. Here, we show that Kindlin-2, a key focal adhesion protein, is strongly detected in cells of mandibular condylar cartilage in mice. We find that genetic ablation of Kindlin-2 in aggrecan-expressing condylar chondrocytes induces multiple spontaneous osteoarthritic lesions, including progressive cartilage loss and deformation, surface fissures, and ectopic cartilage and bone formation in TMJ. Kindlin-2 loss significantly downregulates the expression of aggrecan, Col2a1 and Proteoglycan 4(Prg4), all anabolic extracellular matrix proteins, and promotes catabolic metabolism in TMJ cartilage by inducing expression of Runx2and Mmp13 in condylar chondrocytes. Kindlin-2 loss decreases TMJ chondrocyte proliferation in condylar cartilages. Furthermore,Kindlin-2 loss promotes the release of cytochrome c as well as caspase 3 activation, and accelerates chondrocyte apoptosis in vitro and TMJ. Collectively, these findings reveal a crucial role of Kindlin-2 in condylar chondrocytes to maintain TMJ homeostasis.

关键词： Kindlin-2 loss in condylar chondrocytes causes spontaneous osteoarthritic lesions in the temporomandibular joint in mice TMJ