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Characteristics Analysis and Implications on the COVID-19 Reopening of Victoria, Australia

The Innovation 2020年第3期1卷 20-21页

作者： Lei Zhang Yusha Tao Guihua Zhuang christopher k.fairley China-Australia Joint Research Center for Infectious Diseases School of Public HealthXi’an Jiaotong University Health Science CenterXi’anShaanxi 710061PR China Melbourne Sexual Health Centre Alfred HealthMelbourneAustralia Central Clinical School Faculty of MedicineNursing and Health SciencesMonash UniversityMelbourneVICAustralia Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics College of Public HealthZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001 HenanChina

By 24 September 2020,the SARS-COV-2 epidemic had led to a total of 26,983 infections and 861 deaths in Australia,resulting in a significant disease burden on its health care system and disruption to its *** State of Victoria is the most severely affected Australian state and accounts for 74.5%of all infections and 89.7%deaths in *** the epidemic in Victoria is critical to the impact of the national *** response to the first outbreak of the epidemic,Victoria declared a state of emergency on 16 March and implemented stage 2 restrictions from 25 March to 25May(first lockdown)with restrictions on major events,traveling,and social contacts(Figure 1A).In contrast,much stricter stage 3 and subsequent stage 4(second lockdown)restrictions were implemented inmetropolitan Melbourne and regional Victoria between the 9 July and 13 September in response to a substantially larger second outbreak since late *** restriction measures have been effective,and the epidemic has seen a major decline from 500 to 700 cases/day in early August to 30–50 cases/day in early *** preparation for reopening the economy,the Victorian government declared a COVID-19 roadmap for reopening on 9 September.1 In brief,the reopening plan for metro Melbourne requires the city to maintain a consistently declining trend of the epidemic,with the ease of restrictions in proportion to the number of the daily confirmed *** restrictions are less stringent for regional *** plan envisions complete elimination of the virus for 28 days state-wide before Victoria is allowed to return to a“COVID normal”scenario.

关键词： Victoria return Figure

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What Is Required to Prevent a Second Major Outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 upon Lifting Quarantine in Wuhan City,China

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The Innovation 2020年第1期1卷 152-157页

作者： Lei Zhang Mingwang Shen Xiaomeng Ma Shu Su Wenfeng Gong Jing Wang Yusha Tao Zhuoru Zou Rui Zhao Joseph T.F.Lau Wei Li Feng Liu kai Ye Youfa Wang Guihua Zhuang christopher k.fairley China-Australia Joint Research Center for Infectious Diseases School of Public HealthXi’an Jiaotong University Health Science CenterXi’anShaanxi 710061PR China Melbourne Sexual Health Centre Alfred HealthMelbourneAustralia Central Clinical School Faculty of MedicineNursing and Health SciencesMonash UniversityMelbourneVICAustralia Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics College of Public HealthZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001 HenanChina Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation University of TorontoTorontoONCanada School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine Faculty of MedicineMonash UniversityMelbourneAustralia Centre for Research Behaviors Centre for Health Behaviours ResearchSchool of Public Health and Primary CareThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation SeattleWAUSA Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics School of Public HealthSoutheast UniversityNanjing210009 JiangsuChina Shaanxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention Xi’an710054 ShaanxiChina MOE key Lab for Intelligent Networks&Networks Security Faculty of Electronics and Information EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049 China School of Automation Science and Engineering Faculty of Electronics and Information EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049 China Genome Institute the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710061 China The School of Life Science and Technology Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049 China Global Health Institute Department of Epidemiology and BiostatisticsSchool of Public HealthXi’an Jiaotong University Health Science CenterXi’anShaanxi 710061China

BACkGROUND The Chinese government implemented a metropolitan-wide quarantine of Wuhan city on 23rd January 2020 to curb the epidemic of the coronavirus *** of this quarantine is *** modelled the effects of two key hea... 详细信息

关键词： Wuhan break Major

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中国和美国原始土壤中非高温发现和鉴定

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生物多样性 2006年第3期14卷 181-187页

作者：樊昊心 Derek J. fairley christopher Rensing Ian L. Pepper 王革娇华中农业大学农业微生物学国家重点实验室 Queen’s University Environmental Science & Technology Research Centre (QUESTOR) The Queen’s University of Belfast Belfast BT9 5AG UK Department of Soil Water and Environmental Science The University of Arizona Tucson AZ 85721 USA

近年来在非极端环境中已经发现有古菌(Archaea)的存在, 但在中国原始土壤中还未见报道。本研究的目的是调查古菌是否存在于两个分别取自中国新疆和广西的土壤及两个美国亚利桑那州南部地区的土壤中。我们分别构建了这四个原始土壤的古菌... 详细信息

近年来在非极端环境中已经发现有古菌(Archaea)的存在, 但在中国原始土壤中还未见报道。本研究的目的是调查古菌是否存在于两个分别取自中国新疆和广西的土壤及两个美国亚利桑那州南部地区的土壤中。我们分别构建了这四个原始土壤的古菌16S rDNA文库并对28个克隆的16S rDNA进行了鉴定。所有这些16S rDNA的序列都归类于古菌的泉古菌门(Crenarchaeota)。进化树分析表明, 这些泉古菌的16S rDNA属于非高温陆地环境中的泉古菌种群, 明显区别于海洋和淡水地带的泉古菌种群。这个泉古菌种群又有两个分支, 这两个分支在16S rDNA序列上和G+C含量上有明显的区别。本研究在两个中国和两个美国原始土壤中鉴定了非高温泉古菌的存在, 由此证明泉古菌的存在范围不只局限于高温等极端环境。另外, 美国原始土壤中的泉古菌只属于一个进化分支, 这说明非高温泉古菌种群的类型和土壤的地理位置及土壤特性有关。

关键词： 16SrDNA 古菌非高温泉古菌免培养法原始土壤

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Protocol for a Respondent-Driven Sampling Study Exploring the Roles of Peer Norms in HIV-Related Practices of Gay Men

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World Journal of AIDS 2013年第4期3卷 320-326页

作者： Iryna Zablotska John de Wit Graham Brown Bruce Maycock christopher fairley Michelle Mckechnie Garrett Prestage Curtin University Bentley Australia Melbourne School of Population Health University of Melbourne and Melbourne Sexual Health Centre Melbourne Australia National Centre in HIV Social Research University of New South Wales Paddington Australia The Australian Research Centre in Sex Health and Society La Trobe University Melbourne Australia Curtin University Bentley Australia The kirby Institute University of New South Wales Paddington Australia The kirby Institute University of New South Wales Paddington Australia The Australian Research Centre in Sex Health and Society La Trobe University Melbourne Australia

Introduction: Sexual behaviour among gay and other men who have sex with men (GMSM) is influenced by the shared understanding of HIV/STI risk and peer norms regarding sexual behaviour. However, there is little research evidence to support this relationship. The unique geographic spread of Australian communities, the history of Australian HIV epidemic and the different patterns in risky sexual practices and HIV diagnoses across Australia present an opportunity to explore the role of social norms and GMSM behaviours in shaping different patterns of HIV epidemics. We describe the protocol of the study of contemporary norms in networks and communities of GMSM (CONNECT) which investigates gay community behavioural norms and practices. Methods: CONNECT is aimed to 1) identify the patterns of connections between individuals in GMSM communities and assess how they shape HIV-related behaviours;2) describe the relationship between social norms and sexual practices;and 3) compare the norms and patterns of behaviour in geographically and epidemiologically distinct GMSM populations in three Australian states New South Wales, Victoria and Western Australia, in order to identify local community norms and barriers to effective HIV prevention. This quantitative cross-sectional study uses respondent-driven sampling (RDS) for recruitment. Results: Analyses will be carried out on individual and community level and will investigate the relationship between community-level behavioural norms and associated practices of individuals. Conclusion: CONNECT is anticipated to inform HIV prevention services to better target and increase the effectiveness of the current health promotion for GMSM in the context of increasing HIV/STI incidence.

关键词： HIV GMSM Networks Behaviour Community Norms

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