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Circulating cancer stem cells:the importance to select

Chinese Journal of Cancer Research 2015年第5期27卷 437-449页

作者： Ming-Hsin Yang Ahmet Imrali christopher Heeschen Centre for Stem Cells in Cancer & Ageing Barts Cancer InstituteQueen Mary University of London Division of Urology Department of SurgeryTri-Service General HospitalNational Defense Medical Center Stem Cells & Cancer group Molecular Pathology ProgrammeSpanish National Cancer Research Centre(CNIO)

It has been demonstrated that even localized tumors withottt chnically apparent metastasis give rise to circulating tumor cells （CTCs）. A growing number of technically diverse platforms are being developed for detecting/isolating CTCs in the circulating blood. Despite the technical challenges of isolating rare CTCs from blood, recent studies have already shown the predictive value of CTCs enumeration. Thus, it is becoming increasingly accepted that CTC numbers are linked to patients＇ outcome and may also be used to monitor treatment response and disease relapse, respectively. Further CTCs provide a non-invasive source for tumor material, ＇liquid biopsy＇, which is particularly important for patients, where no biopsy material can be obtained or where serial biopsies of the tumor, e.g., following treatment, are practically impossible. On the other hand the molecular and biological characterization of CTCs has still remained at a rather experimental stage. Future studies are necessary to define CTC heterogeneity to establish the crucial role of circulating cancer stem cells for driving metastasis, which represent a distinct subpopulation of CTCs that bear metastasis-initiating capabilities based on their sternness properties and invasiveness and thus are critical for the patients＇ clinical outcome. As compared to non-tumorigenic/metastatic bulk CTCs, circulating cancer stem cells may not only be capable of evading from the primary tumor, but also escape from immune surveillance, survive in the circulating blood and subsequently form metastases in distant organs. Thus, circulating cancer stem cells represent a subset of exclusively tumorigenic cancer stem cells characterized by their invasive characteristics and are potential therapeutic targets for preventing disease progression. To date, only a few original reports and reviews have been published focusing on circulating cancer stem cells. This review discusses the potential importance of isolating and characterizing th

关键词： Cancer stem cells circulating tumor cells (CTCs) drug resistance

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Solid pseudopapillary neoplasm-diagnostic approach and postsurgical follow up:Three case reports and review of literature

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2021年第7期9卷 1682-1695页

作者： Mohammad Abudalou Eduardo A Vega Rohit Dhingra Erik Holzwanger Sandeep Krishnan Svetlana Kondratiev Ali Niakosari Claudius Conrad christopher g Stallwood Department of Internal Medicine St.Elizabeth Medical CenterBrightonMA 02135United States Department of general Surgery St.Elizabeth Medical CenterBrightonMA 02135United States Department of gastroenterology Tufts Medical CenterBostonMA 02111United States Department of gastroenterology St.Elizabeth Medical CenterBrightonMA 02135United States Department of Pathology St.Elizabeth Medical CenterBrightonMA 02135United States Department of Radiology St.Elizabeth Medical CenterBrightonMA 02135United States

BACKgROUND Solid pseudopapillary neoplasm(SPN)is a rare tumor that was first described by Frantz in *** this tumor is benign,some may have malignant potential that can be predicted based on demographics,imaging characteristics,and pathologic *** case series presents 3 SPN cases with discussion on gender differences,preoperative predictors of malignancy,and a suggested algorithm for diagnostic approach as well as post-surgical follow *** SUMMARY Three adult patients in a tertiary hospital found to have SPN,one elderly male and two young *** of the cases presented with abdominal pain and were discovered *** cases underwent endoscopic ultrasound with immunohistochemical staining(which were consistent with SPN before undergoing surgery),and one case underwent surgery directly after *** average tumor size was 5 *** was confirmed by *** patients had post-surgical complications requiring *** Demographic and imaging characteristics can be sufficient to establish diagnosis for SPN,while malignant cases require pre-operative evaluation with endoscopic ultrasound fine needle aspiration/fine needle biopsy.

关键词： Pancreas Pancreatic cyst Pancreatic neoplasms Solid pseudopapillary neoplasm Pancreatectomy Case report

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Urban heat mitigation by green and blue infrastructure:Drivers,effectiveness,and future needs

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The Innovation 2024年第2期5卷 145-166页

作者： Prashant Kumar Sisay E.Debele Soheila Khalili Christos H.Halios Jeetendra Sahani Nasrin Aghamohammadi Maria de Fatima Andrade Maria Athanassiadou Kamaldeep Bhui Nerea Calvillo Shi-Jie Cao Frederic Coulon Jill L.Edmondson David Fletcher Edmilson Dias de Freitas Hai guo Matthew C.Hort Madhusudan Katti Thomas Rodding Kjeldsen Steffen Lehmann giuliano Maselli Locosselli shela.h K.Malham Lidia Morawska Rajan Parajuli christopher D.F.Rogers Runming Yao Fang Wang Jannis Wenk Laurence Jones global Centre for Clean Air Research(gCARE) School of SustainabilityCivil and Environmental EngineeringFaculty of Engineering and Physical SciencesUniversity of SurreyGuildford GU27XHUK Institute for Sustainability University of SurreyGuildford GU27XHSurreyUK School of Built Environment University of ReadingWhiteknightsReading RG66BUUK School Design and the Built Environment Curtin University Sustainability Policy InstituteKent StBentley 6102Western Australia Harry Butler Institute Murdoch UniversityMurdoch 6150Western Australia Atmospheric Sciences Department Institute of AstronomyGeophysics and Atmospheric SciencesUniversity of Sao PauloSao Paulo 05508-090Brazil Met Office FitzRoy RoadExeter EX13PBUK Department of Psychiatry and Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences Wadham CollegeUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK Centre for Interdisciplinary Methodologies University of WarwickWarwickUK School of Architecture Southeast University2 SipailouNanjing 210096China Cranfield University School of WaterEnvironment and EnergyCranfield MK430ALUK Plants PhotosynthesisSoil ClusterSchool of BiosciencesUniversity of SheffieldSheffield S102TNUK UK Centre for Ecology&Hydrology Environment Centre WalesDeiniol RoadBangor LL572UWUK Air Quality Studies Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina Department of Forestry and Environmental Resources Faculty Excellence Program for Leadership in Public ScienceNorth Carolina State UniversityChancellorRaleighNC 27695USA Departments of Architecture&Civil Engineering and Chemical EngineeringUniversity of BathBath BA27AYUK School of Architecture University of NevadaLas VegasNV 89154USA Department of Tropical Ecosystems Functioning Center of Nuclear Energy in AgricultureUniversity of São PauloPiracicaba 13416-000Sao PauloBrazil School of Ocean Sciences Bangor UniversityMenai BridgeAnglesey LL595 ABUK International Laboratory for Air Quality and Health Science and Engine

The combination of urbanization and global warming leads to urban overheating and compounds the frequency and intensity of extreme heat events due to climate ***,the risk of urban overheating can be mitigated by urban green-blue-grey infrastructure(gBgI),such as parks,wetlands,and engineered greening,which have the potential to effectively reduce summer air *** many reviews,the evidence bases on quantified gBgI cooling benefits remains partial and the practical recommendations for implementation are *** systematic literature review synthesizes the evidence base for heat mitigation and related co-benefits,identifies knowledge gaps,and proposes recommendations for their implementation to maximize their *** screening 27,486 papers,202 were reviewed,based on 51 gBgI types categorized under 10 main *** gBgI(green walls,parks,street trees)have been well researched for their urban cooling ***,several other gBgI have received negligible(zoological garden,golf course,estuary)or minimal(private garden,allotment)*** most efficient air cooling was observed in botanical gardens(5.0±3.5℃),wetlands(4.9±3.2℃),green walls(4.1±4.2℃),street trees(3.8±3.1℃),and vegetated balconies(3.8±2.7℃).Under changing climate conditions(2070–2100)with consideration of RCP8.5,there is a shift in climate subtypes,either within the same climate zone(e.g.,Dfa to Dfb and Cfb to Cfa)or across other climate zones(e.g.,Dfb[continental warm-summer humid]to BSk[dry,cold semi-arid]and Cwa[temperate]to Am[tropical]).These shifts may result in lower efficiency for the current gBgI in the *** the importance of multiple services,it is crucial to balance their functionality,cooling performance,and other related co-benefits when planning for the future *** global gBgI heat mitigation inventory can assist policymakers and urban planners in prioritizing effective interventions to reduce the risk of urban overheating,fi

关键词： estuary walls extreme

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Amnion epithelial cells——a novel therapy for ischemic stroke?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第8期13卷 1346-1349页

作者： Megan A.Evans Brad R.S.Broughton grant R.Drummond Henry Ma Thanh g.Phan Euan M.Wallace Rebecca Lim christopher g.Sobey Department of Physiology Anatomy & Microbiology La Trobe University Cardiovascular Disease Program Department of Pharmacology Biomedicine Discovery Institute Monash University Department of Medicine Monash University The Ritchie Centre Hudson Institute of Medical Research Department of Obstetrics and gynaecology Monash University

Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability and new therapies are desperately needed. given the complex nature of ischemic brain injury, it has been postulated that cell-based therapies may be useful. However, cell resources, invasive extraction procedures, immunological rejection, tumorigenesis and ethical challenges make it unlikely that many stem cell types could serve as a practical source for therapy. By contrast, these issues do not pertain to human amnion epithelial cells（h AECs）, which are placenta-derived stem cells. We recently assessed the effects of systemically delivered hAECs on stroke outcome using four animal models of stroke. We demonstrated that when injected intravenously after ischemia onset, hAECs migrate preferentially to the spleen and injured brain to limit apoptosis and inflammation, and attenuate early brain infiltration of immune cells, progression of infarction and systemic immunosuppression and to ultimately ameliorate functional deficits. When administration of hAECs is delayed by 1-3 days poststroke, long-term functional recovery can still be enhanced in young and aged mice of either sex. Moreover, our proof-of-principle findings suggest that h AECs are effective at limiting post-stroke infarct development in non-human primates. Overall, the results suggest that hAECs could be a viable clinical stroke therapy.

关键词： ischemic stroke cerebral infarction stem cells human amnion epithelial cells inflammation immunosuppression brain repair mouse non-human primate

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Endoscopic ultrasound in the diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic disease

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2014年第29期20卷 9976-9989页

作者： christopher W Teshima gurpal S Sandha Division of gastroenterology University of AlbertaEdmontonAlberta T6G 2X8Canada

Endoscopic ultrasound(EUS)is an important part of modern gastrointestinal endoscopy and now has an integral role in the diagnostic evaluation of pancreatic ***,as EUS technology has advanced,it has increasingly become a therapeutic procedure,and the prospect of multiple applications of interventional EUS for the pancreas is truly on the near ***,this review focuses on the established diagnostic and therapeutic roles of EUS that are used in current clinical *** particular,the diagnostic evaluation of acute pancreatitis,chronic pancreatitis,cystic pancreatic lesions and solid masses of the pancreas are *** newer enhanced imaging modalities of elastography and contrast enhancement are evaluated in this *** main therapeutic aspects of pancreatic EUS are then considered,namely celiac plexus block and celiac plexus neurolysis for pain control in chronic pancreatitis and pancreas cancer,and EUS-guided drainage of pancreatic fluid collections.

关键词： Endoscopic ultrasonography Fine needle aspiration Pancreatic cyst Pancreatic neoplasms Pancreatitis

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Bioavailability of Arsenic and Antimony in Terrestrial Ecosystems:A Review

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Pedosphere 2019年第6期29卷 681-720页

作者： Saeed BAgHERIFAM Trevor CBROWN christopher MFELLOWS Ravi NAIDU Chemistry-School of Science and Technology University of New EnglandArmidale NSW 2351(Australia global Centre for Environmental Remediation Faculty of Science and Inform ation TechnologyUniversity o f NewcastleUniversity DriveCallaghan N S W 2308(Australia

Arsenic (As) and antimony (Sb) are metalloids that belong to group 15 of the periodic table and exhibit toxic properties in the environment. They mostly occur naturally at low concentrations in soil, although these can be significantly elevated in both aquatic and terrestrial food chains as a result of dispersion from anthropogenic sources, e.g ., mining activities. The bioavailability, i.e., the proportion of the contaminant in soil and dust that is available for uptake by plants and other living organisms, presents the greatest risk to terrestrial ecosystems. Various in vivo and in vitro methods have been used to measure As and Sb bioaccessibility in soil and dust. In vivo measurement of bioavailability can be time consuming, expensive, and unethical;thus, in vitro methods are commonly preferred. However, there is considerable uncertainty around the efficacy of in vitro tools used to measure the bioavailable fractions of As and Sb. The results of these methods are dependent on many variables, e.g., soil characteristics, contaminant sources, and chemical composition of in vitro methods. Therefore, substantial variations are observed between in vitro and in vivo results obtained from different test animals and endpoints. In this paper, we review the literature on As and Sb bioavailability in terrestrial ecosystems and current in vivo and in vitro techniques used for assessing bioavailability and bioaccessibility of metalloids. This would reveal research gaps and allow scientists and environmental policy makers to gain a deeper understanding of the potential risks associated with these metalloids in the environment.

关键词： Bioaccessibility Bioavailable fraction Contamination Environmental risk assessment Metalloids Phytoavailability Relative bioavailability Soil characteristics Toxicant

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An ICT model for increased adoption of farm input information in developing countries:A case in Sikasso,Mali

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Information Processing in Agriculture 2019年第1期6卷 26-46页

作者： Macire Kante Robert Oboko christopher Chepken University of Nairobi P.O.Box 30197-00100 GPONairobiKenya Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique BamakoMali

Information and Communication Technologies(ICT)play a key role in the dissemination of information on farm inputs for their increased ***-scale cereal farmers have been exposed to ICT-based farm input information in developing ***,an underuse of these ICTs services has led to an insignificant adoption of farm input *** underuse was due to certain *** purpose of this study was to propose an ICT model for increased adoption of farm input information by establishing these factors and their relationships.A convenient sample of 300 small-scale cereal farmers was selected in Sikasso,Mali to gather *** partial least squares structural equation modelling technique was used to assess the model that was being *** used the technique to establish the measurement model validity and to assess the structural model(hypotheses).The result suggested that the model was highly predictive of the Use of ICT-based farm input information(80.7%).In addition,use of these ICT-based farm input information was also highly predictive(68.4%)of the Increased Adoption of farm input information by small-scale cereal farmers in developing countries.

关键词： Cereal farmers Productivity ICT-based farm input information Developing countries Mali

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Hepatocellular carcinoma after Iocoregional therapy:Magnetic resonance imaging findings in falsely negative exams

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World Journal of Hepatology 2016年第16期8卷 685-690页

作者： David Becker-Weidman Jesse M Civan Sandeep P Deshmukh christopher g Roth Steven K Herrine Laurence Parker Donald g Mitchell Department of Radiology Thomas Jefferson University Division of gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of MedicineThomas Jefferson University

AIM:To elucidate causes for false negative magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)exams by identifying imaging characteristics that predict viable hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)in lesions previously treated with locoregional therapy when obvious findings of recurrence are ***:This retrospective institutional review board-approved and Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act-compliant study included patients who underwent liver transplantation at our center between 1/1/2000 and 12/31/2012 after being treated for HCC with locoregional *** selected patients had a contrast-enhanced MRI after locoregional therapy within 90 d of transplant that was prospectively interpreted as without evidence of residual or ***,2 radiologists,blinded to clinica and pathological data,independently reviewed the pre transplant MRIs for 7 imaging *** explan histopathology provided the reference standard,with clinically significant tumor defined as viable tumor≥1.0cm in maximum ***’s exact test was firs performed to identify significant imaging ***:Inclusion criteria selected for 42 patients with 65 treated *** of 42 patients(33%and 16 of 65 treated lesions(25%)had clinically significant viable tumor on explant *** o the 7 imaging findings examined could reliably and reproducibly determine which treated lesion had viable tumor when the exam had been prospectively read as without evidence of viable ***:After locoregional therapy some treated lesions that do not demonstrate any MRI evidence o HCC will contain viable *** such even patients with a negative MRI following treatment should receive regular short-term imaging surveillance because some have occult viable *** possibility of occult tumo should be a consideration when contemplating any action which might delay liver transplant.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Transarterial chemoembolization Tumor recurrence Locoregional therapy Imaging surveillance

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Using multimodal MRI to investigate alterations in brain structure and function in the BBZDR/Wor rat model of type 2 diabetes

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Animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2020年第4期3卷 285-294页

作者： christopher M.Lawson Kilian F.g.Rentrup Xuezhu Cai Praveen P.Kulkarni Craig F.Ferris Center for Translational NeuroImaging Northeastern UniversityBostonMAUSA

Background:This is an exploratory study using multimodal magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)to interrogate the brain of rats with type 2 diabetes(T2DM)as compared to *** was hypothesized there would be changes in brain structure and function that reflected the human disorder,thus providing a model system by which to follow disease progression with noninvasive ***:The transgenic BBZDR/Wor rat,an animal model of T2MD,and agematched controls were studied for changes in brain structure using voxel-based morphometry,alteration in white and gray matter microarchitecture using diffusion weighted imaging with indices of anisotropy,and functional coupling using restingstate BOLD functional *** from each modality were registered to,and analyzed,using a 3D MRI rat atlas providing site-specific data on over 168 different brain ***:There was an overall reduction in brain volume focused primarily on the somatosensory cortex,cerebellum,and white matter *** putative changes in white and gray matter microarchitecture were pervasive affecting much of the brain and not localized to any *** was a general increase in connectivity in T2DM rats as compared to *** cerebellum presented with strong functional coupling to pons and brainstem in T2DM rats but negative connectivity to ***:The neuroradiological measures collected in BBBKZ/Wor rats using multimodal imaging methods did not reflect those reported for T2DB patients in the *** data would suggest the BBBKZ/Wor rat is not an appropriate imaging model for T2DM.

关键词： BBZDR/Wor rat diffusion weighted imaging magnetic resonance imaging resting-state BOLD functional imaging small vessel disease voxel-based morphometry

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Three primary malignancies in 17 years in a man with chronic hepatitis B

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Hepatoma Research 2019年第6期5卷 25-32页

作者： Peter D.Block Brianna J.Shinn christopher g.Roth Jeffrey P.Baliff Ralph g.Zinner Hie-WonHann Department of Medicine Thomas Jefferson University HospitalPhiladelphiaPA 19107USA Department of Radiology Abdominal Imaging DivisionThomas Jefferson University HospitalPhiladelphiaPA 19107USA Department of Pathology Anatomy&Cell BiologyThomas Jefferson University HospitalPhiladelphiaPA 19107USA Department of Medical Oncology Thomas Jefferson University HospitalPhiladelphiaPA 19107USA Liver Disease prevention Center Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Thomas Jefferson University HospitalPhiladelphiaPA 19107USA

The occurrence of three primary malignancies in a single patient is an infrequent phenomonen with an estimated occurrence at 0.1%.Notably,patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)are particularly unlikely to develop extrahepatic primary *** this light,we present a case of patient with chronic hepatitis B who developed HCC,as well as two other primary *** case exhibits an exceedingly rare combination of cancers,underlining the importance of continued cancer surveillence in those with a history of primary malignancy.

关键词： Hepatitis B virus hepatocellular carcinoma antiviral therapy lung cancer multiple malignancy

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