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Prehospital transdermal glyceryl trinitrate for ultra- acute ischaemic stroke: data from the RIGHT- 2 randomised sham- controlled ambulance trial

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2024年第1期9卷 38-49,I0035-I0046页

作者： Jason Philip Appleton Lisa J Woodhouse Craig S Anderson Sandeep Ankolekar Lesley Cala Mark Dixon Timothy J England Kailash Krishnan Grant Mair Keith W Muir John Potter christopher I price Marc Randall Thompson G Robinson Christine Roffe Else C Sandset Jeffrey L Saver Angela Shone Aloysius Niroshan Siriwardena Joanna M Wardlaw Nikola Sprigg Philip M Bath Stroke University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation TrustBirminghamUK Institute of Applied HealthResearch University of Birmingham College of Medical and Dental SciencesBirminghamUK Stroke Trials Unit Mental Health and Clinical NeurosciencesUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK Faculty of Medicine The George Institute for Global HealthSydneyNew South WalesAustralia The George Institute China at Peking University Health Science Center BeijingChina Neurology Royal Prince Alfred HospitalSydney Health PartnersSydneyNew South WalesAustralia Department of Neurology King's College Hospital NHS Foundation TrustLondonUK Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWestern AustraliaAustralia East Midlands Ambulance Service NHS Trust NottinghamUK Stroke Queen's Medical CentreNottingham University Hospitals NHS TrustNottinghamUK Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences Dementia Research InstituteUniveristy of EdinburghEdinburghUK Institute of Neurology and Psychology University of GlasgowGlasgowUK Bob Champion Research and Education Building University of East AngliaNorwichUK Institute of Neuroscience Newcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK Department of Neurology Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS TrustLeedsUK Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre University of LeicesterLeicesterUK Stroke Research in Stoke Institute for Science and Technology in MedicineKeele UniversityStoke-on TrentUK Department of Neurology Oslo University HospitalOsloNorway Research and Development Norwegian Air Ambulance FoundationOsloNorway Department of Neurology and Comprehensive Stroke Center David Geffen School of MedicineUCLALos AngelesCaliforniaUSA Research and Graduate Services University of NottinghamNottinghamUK Community and Health Research Unit University of LincolnLincolnUK

Background The effect of transdermal glyceryl trinitrate(GTN,a nitrovasodilator)on clinical outcome when administered before hospital admission in suspected stroke patients is ***,we assess the safety and efficacy of GTN in the prespecified subgroup of patients who had an ischaemic stroke within the Rapid Intervention with Glyceryl trinitrate in Hypertensive stroke Trial-2(RIGHT-2).Methods RIGHT-2 was an ambulance-based multicentre sham-controlled blinded-endpoint study with patients randomised within 4hours of *** primary outcome was a shift in scores on the modified Rankin scale(mRS)at day *** outcomes included death;a global analysis(Wei-Lachin test)containing Barthel Index,EuroQol-5D,mRS,telephone interview for cognitive status-modified and Zung depression scale;and neuroimaging-determined‘brain frailty’*** were reported as n(%),mean(SD),median[IQR],adjusted common OR(acOR),mean difference or Mann-Whitney difference(MWD)with 95%*** 597 of 1149(52%)patients had a final diagnosis of ischaemic stroke;age 75(12)years,premorbid mRS>2107(18%),Glasgow Coma Scale 14(2)and time from onset to randomisation 67[45,108]***‘brain frailty’was common:median score 2[2,3](range 0–3).At day 90,GTN did not influence the primary outcome(acOR for increased disability 1.15,95%CI 0.85 to 1.54),death or global analysis(MWD 0.00,95%CI-0.10 to 0.09).In subgroup analyses,there were non-significant interactions suggesting GTN may be associated with more death and dependency in participants randomised within 1hour of symptom onset and in those with more severe *** In patients who had an ischaemic stroke,ultra-acute administration of transdermal GTN in the ambulance did not improve clinical outcomes in a population with more clinical and radiological frailty than seen in previous in-hospital *** IS ALREADY KNOWN ON THIS TOPIC⇒Transdermal glyceryl trinitrate(GTN)was associat-ed with less death and dependency in those w

关键词： Glasgow nitrate random

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The dependences of osteocyte network on bone compartment, age, and disease

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Bone Research 2015年第2期3卷 72-82页

作者： Xiaohan Lai christopher price Shannon Modla William R Thompson Jeffrey Caplan Catherine B Kirn-Safran Liyun Wang Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Delaware Biomedical Engineering Program University of Delaware DBI Bioimaging Center University of Delaware Department of Physical Therapy Indiana University Department of Biological Sciences University of Delaware

Osteocytes, the most abundant bone cells, form an interconnected network in the lacunar-canalicular pore system （LCS） buried within the mineralized matrix, which allows osteocytes to obtain nutrients from the blood supply, sense external mechanical signals, and communicate among themselves and with other cells on bone surfaces. In this study, we examined key features of the LCS network including the topological parameter and the detailed structure of individual connections and their variations in cortical and cancellous compa~ tments, at different ages, and in two disease conditions with altered mechanosensing （perlecan deficiency and diabetes）. LCS network showed both topological stability, in terms of conservation of connectivity among osteocyte lacunae （similar to the ＂nodes＂ in a computer network）, and considerable variability the pericellular annular fluid gap surrounding lacunae and canaliculi （similar to the ＂bandwidth＂ of individual links in a computer network）. Age, in the range of our study （15-32 weeks）, affected only the pericellular fluid annulus in cortical bone but not in cancellous bone. Diabetes impacted the spacing of the lacunae, while the perlecan deficiency had a profound influence on the pericellular fluid annulus. The LCS network features play important roles in osteocyte signaling and regulation of bone growth and adaptation.

关键词： The dependences of osteocyte network on bone compartment age and disease bone

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Evidence-Based Laboratory Medicine

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中国循证医学杂志 2004年第11期4卷 823-833页

作者： christopher P price Bayer House Strawberry Hill Newbury Berkshire RG14 1JA UK

Whilst there have been several definitions of Evidence-Based Medicine (EBM), the one given by David Sackett is probably the most accurate and well accepted; he stated that "evidence-based medicine is the conscientious, explicit and judicious use of current best evidence in making decisions about the care of individual patients"[1].

关键词：实验室诊断药物治疗内科学临床分析

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Bisphosphonate rescue post-traumatic osteoarthritis by promoting the calcium signaling in chondrocytes

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医用生物力学 2013年第S1期28卷 56-60页

作者： Yilu Zhou Wen Li Liyun Wang christopher price X.Lucas Lu Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Delaware

Introduction Post-traumatic osteoarthritis(PTOA)is a long-term adverse consequence of joint trauma,e.g.,meniscus or ligament tears,which are among the most common injuries for young adults with excessive physical activities,such as athletes and military ***,few preventive treatments exist for PTOA,with typical outcomes being gradual cartilage degeneration and eventual loss of joint *** and altered etabolism of chondrocytes,the sole cell type in cartilage,may be responsible for the development of PTOA in a subset of patients without traumatic cartilage destruction but with persistent altered joint loading post-trauma,which is the focus of this study.

关键词： traumatic cartilage ligament altered degeneration Apoptosis military destruction consequence medial

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Diagnostic technology:alternative sampling methods for collection of urine specimens in older adults

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2013年第2期1卷 43-49页

作者： KATRIEN LATOUR ANNETTE PLÜDDEMANN MATTHEW THOMPSON BOUDEWIJN CATRY christopher P price CARL HENEGHAN FRANK BUNTINX University of Leuven Belgium

Clinical Question Which sampling methods other than in-and-out catheterization or suprapubic aspiration can be used to collect valid uncontaminated urine specimens for microbiological culture in older adults?Background,Current Practice and Advan-tages over Existing Technology Urinary tract infections(UTIs)are one of the most common bacterial infections in older *** increasing research into this infectious disease,substantial uncertainty still surrounds its *** tend to be less specific in frail elderly and difficulties with cognition or communication can further impair clinical evaluation[1,2].Consequently,physi-cians often resort to urinary analysis to support the diagnosis.

关键词： urine urinary resort

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A benchtop brain injury model using resected donor tissue from patients with Chiari malformation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第5期18卷 1057-1061页

作者： Jacqueline A.Tickle Jon Sen christopher Adams David N.Furness Rupert price Viswapathi Kandula Nikolaos Tzerakis Divya M.Chari Aston Pharmacy School College of Health and Life SciencesAston UniversityBirminghamUK School of Medicine Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesKeele UniversityStaffordshireUK School of Life Sciences Keele UniversityStaffordshireUK Department of Neurosurgery Royal Stoke University HospitalStoke-on-TrentUK

The use of live animal models for testing new therapies for brain and spinal cord repair is a controversial area. Live animal models have associated ethical issues and scientific concerns regarding the predictability of human responses. Alternative models that replicate the 3 D architecture of the central nervous system have prompted the development of organotypic neural injury models. However, the lack of reliable means to access normal human neural tissue has driven reliance on pathological or post-mortem tissue which limits their biological utility. We have established a protocol to use donor cerebellar tonsillar tissue surgically resected from patients with Chiari malformation(cerebellar herniation towards the foramen magnum, with ectopic rather than diseased tissue) to develop an in vitro organotypic model of traumatic brain injury. Viable tissue was maintained for approximately 2 weeks with all the major neural cell types detected. Traumatic injuries could be introduced into the slices with some cardinal features of post-injury pathology evident. Biomaterial placement was also feasible within the in vitro lesions. Accordingly, this ‘proof-of-concept’ study demonstrates that the model offers potential as an alternative to the use of animal tissue for preclinical testing in neural tissue engineering. To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration that donor tissue from patients with Chiari malformation can be used to develop a benchtop model of traumatic brain injury. However, significant challenges in relation to the clinical availability of tissue were encountered, and we discuss logistical issues that must be considered for model scale-up.

关键词： biomaterial Chiari malformation cerebellar slice human tissue injury model neuroregeneration organotypic traumatic brain injury

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A Preliminary Investigation into the Use of an Imagery Assisted Virtual Reality Intervention in Sport

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Journal of Sports Science 2018年第1期6卷 20-30页

作者： Lindsay Ross-Stewart Jeffrey price Daniel Jackson christopher Hawkins Department of Applied Health Southern lllinois University Edwardsville Edwardsville IL 62026 USA Department of Information Technology Services Southern Illinois University Edwardsville Edwardsville IL 62026 USA Intercollegiate Athletics McKendree University Lebanon IL 62254 USA Anderson Hospital Maryville IL 62062 USA

This article explains an imagery assisted virtual reality psychological skills training program used with a NCAA Division I baseball team. This is the first time that imagery has been incorporated into a virtual reality program with the goal of increasing mental skills and strategies. Participants for this study were 27 NCAA baseball players. Each participant completed the Sport Imagery Ability Questionnaire and the Test of Performance Strategies Questionnaire at baseline and again after the winter season (2 months later). Results indicated an increase in skill, goals and mastery imagery ability as well as increases in the use of several skills and strategies in both practice and competition. This manuscript focuses on both the development of an Imagery Assisted Virtual Reality program as well as the outcomes of the program.

关键词： Imagery mental training virtual reality

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和政策中的协同效益方面的国际经验

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科学与管理 2013年第3期33卷 3-6页

作者： christopher Williams Ali Hasanbeigi Grace Wu Lynn price 劳伦斯伯克利国家实验室环境能源技术部能源分析和环境影响处中国能源研究室美国加州大学伯克利分校能源和资源组

提高能效和燃料转换效率是温室气体减排战略的一部分。过去二十年，很多研究显示这两方面带来气候变化以外的好处，多半介于这些政策方案实施成本的30％到超过100％。国际上，政策制定者对于分析能效政策和燃料转换效率政策同时纳入对... 详细信息

提高能效和燃料转换效率是温室气体减排战略的一部分。过去二十年，很多研究显示这两方面带来气候变化以外的好处，多半介于这些政策方案实施成本的30％到超过100％。国际上，政策制定者对于分析能效政策和燃料转换效率政策同时纳入对温室气体和非温室气体两方面影响的探讨愈来愈感兴趣。欧盟、美国与日本已开发出一套相当成熟的方法。通常，协同效益的定量工作可分为三类：（1）协同效益模型；（2）事前的政策评估方法；（3）由学者建立的框架，意在改善这方面的研究，并将协同效益应用到更多的地区和政策方案上。表ES-1将协同效益定量方面的几个重点模型、指南和框架做了摘要。

关键词：能源效率协同效益气候变化政策协同效益定量方法国际实践

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Heparin resistance in severe thermal injury:a prospective cohort study

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Burns & Trauma 2021年第1期9卷 157-169页

作者： Liam D Cato Benjamin Bailiff Joshua price Christos Ermogeneous Jon Hazeldine William Lester Gillian Lowe christopher Wearn Jonathan RB Bishop Janet M Lord Naiem Moiemen Paul Harrison Scar Free Foundation Birmingham Centre for Burns Research University Hospitals Birmingham Foundation TrustQueen Elizabeth Hospital BirminghamMindelsohn WayBirminghamB152WBUK Department of Haematology University Hospitals Birmingham Foundation TrustMindelsohnWayBirminghamB152WBUK Institute of Inflammation and Ageing University of BirminghamBirminghamB152TTUK NIHR Surgical Reconstruction and Microbiology Research Centre University Hospitals Birmingham Foundation TrustMindelsohn WayBirminghamB152WBUK

Background:Low molecular-weight heparin(LMWH)is routinely administered to burn patients for *** studies have reported heparin resistance,yet the mechanism(s)and prevalence have not been systematically *** hypothesized that nucleosomes,composed of histone structures with associated DNA released from injured tissue and activated immune cells in the form of neutrophil extracellular traps(NETs or NETosis),neutralize LMWH resulting in suboptimal anticoagulation,assessed by reduction in anti-factor Xa ***:Blood was sampled from>15%total body surface area(TBSA)burn patients receiving LMWH on days 5,10 and *** anti-factor Xa(AFXa)activity,anti-thrombin(ATIII)activity,cellfree DNA(cfDNA)levels and nucleosome levels were *** effects regression was adjusted for multiple confounders,including injury severity and ATIII activity,and was used to test the association between nucleosomes and ***:A total of 30 patients with severe burns were *** TBSA 43%(SD 17).Twentythree(77%)patients were affected by heparin resistance(defined by AFXa activity<0.2 IU/mL).Mean peak AFXa activity across samples was 0.18 IU/mL(SD 0.11).Mean ATIII was 81.9%activity(SD 20.4).Samples taken at higher LWMH doses were found to have significantly increased AFXa activity,though the effect was not observed at all doses,at 8000 IU no samples were heparin *** levels were negatively correlated with AFXa(r=−0.29,p=0.050)consistent with the *** final model,with peak AFXa as the response variable,was adjusted for nucleosome levels(p=0.0453),ATIII activity(p=0.0053),LMWH dose pre-sample(p=0.0049),drug given(enoxaparin or tinzaparin)(p=0.03),and other confounders including severity of injury,age,gender,time point of ***:Heparin resistance is a prevalent issue in severe *** levels were increased post-burn,and showed an inverse association with AFXa consistent with the hypothesis that they ma

关键词： Burn Heparin resistance Low molecular-weight heparin Nucleosomes Neutrophil extracellular traps Factor-Xa Thrombosis Enoxaparin NETosis

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微电子器件封装中铜与金球键合的比较(英文)

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电子工业专用设备 2009年第7期38卷 25-28页

作者： christopher Breach Wire Bond Strategic Business Unit Oerlikon Assembly Equipment Pte Ltd

铜球键合由于其成本低并且还可提供更高的可靠性潜力, 最终将成为一种更加流行的主要工艺。目前现有的少管脚数的封装已有一种从金丝向铜丝转变的倾向,但是其中有一些工艺问题,需要该工艺在先进封装中得到广泛的应用之前得以根本的解决... 详细信息

铜球键合由于其成本低并且还可提供更高的可靠性潜力, 最终将成为一种更加流行的主要工艺。目前现有的少管脚数的封装已有一种从金丝向铜丝转变的倾向,但是其中有一些工艺问题,需要该工艺在先进封装中得到广泛的应用之前得以根本的解决。无论采用何种方法,人们可以期望在先进封装中降低成本将最终成为采用铜球键合的驱动力。

关键词：先进封装铜球键合封装成本键合可靠性电学性能热学性能

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